P15691 (VEGFA_BOVIN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Vascular endothelial growth factor A
Short name=VEGF-A

Alternative name(s):
Vascular permeability factor
Short name=VPF

Gene names

Name:	VEGFA
Synonyms:	VEGF

Organism

Bos taurus (Bovine) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9913 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Laurasiatheria › Cetartiodactyla › Ruminantia › Pecora › Bovidae › Bovinae › Bos

Protein attributes

Sequence length	190 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Growth factor active in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth. Induces endothelial cell proliferation, promotes cell migration, inhibits apoptosis and induces permeabilization of blood vessels. Binds to the FLT1/VEGFR1 and KDR/VEGFR2 receptors, heparan sulfate and heparin By similarity.
Subunit structure	Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Also found as heterodimer with PGF By similarity.
Subcellular location	Secreted By similarity. Note: Secreted but remains associated to cells or to the extracellular matrix unless released by heparin By similarity.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Angiogenesis Differentiation
Cellular component	Secreted
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing
Domain	Signal
Ligand	Heparin-binding
Molecular function	Developmental protein Growth factor Mitogen
PTM	Disulfide bond Glycoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome Direct protein sequencing Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	angiogenesis Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW cell differentiation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW cellular response to hypoxia Inferred from direct assay PubMed 10575000. Source: MGI positive regulation of cell division Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation Inferred from direct assay PubMed 2798412. Source: BHF-UCL positive regulation of focal adhesion assembly Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of protein complex assembly Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB
Cellular_component	extracellular space Inferred from direct assay PubMed 2798412. Source: BHF-UCL membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Molecular_function	cytokine activity Inferred from direct assay PubMed 2798412. Source: BHF-UCL growth factor activity Inferred from direct assay PubMed 2798412. Source: BHF-UCL heparin binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW protein homodimerization activity Inferred from direct assay PubMed 2798412. Source: BHF-UCL
Complete GO annotation...

Alternative products

This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform Alpha (identifier: P15691-1)

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform Beta (identifier: P15691-2)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     139-183: Missing.
     184-184: R → K

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 26	26	Ref.1 Ref.3
	Chain	27 – 190	164	Vascular endothelial growth factor A		PRO_0000023383
Amino acid modifications
	Glycosylation	100	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Disulfide bond	51 ↔ 93		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	76		Interchain By similarity
	Disulfide bond	82 ↔ 127		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	85		Interchain By similarity
	Disulfide bond	86 ↔ 129		By similarity
Natural variations
	Alternative sequence	139 – 183	45	Missing in isoform Beta.		VSP_004613
	Alternative sequence	184	1	R → K in isoform Beta.		VSP_004614

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform Alpha [UniParc]. Last modified April 1, 1990. Version 1. Checksum: EDBF903E46E24789	FASTA	190	22,310
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MNFLLSWVHW SLALLLYLHH AKWSQAAPMA EGGQKPHEVV KFMDVYQRSF CRPIETLVDI 70 80 90 100 110 120 FQEYPDEIEF IFKPSCVPLM RCGGCCNDES LECVPTEEFN ITMQIMRIKP HQSQHIGEMS 130 140 150 160 170 180 FLQHNKCECR PKKDKARQEN PCGPCSERRK HLFVQDPQTC KCSCKNTDSR CKARQLELNE 190 RTCRCDKPRR
	Isoform Beta [UniParc]. Checksum: 9923B0D500BC3378	FASTA	145	17,086
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MNFLLSWVHW SLALLLYLHH AKWSQAAPMA EGGQKPHEVV KFMDVYQRSF CRPIETLVDI 70 80 90 100 110 120 FQEYPDEIEF IFKPSCVPLM RCGGCCNDES LECVPTEEFN ITMQIMRIKP HQSQHIGEMS 130 140 FLQHNKCECR PKKDKARQKC DKPRR

References

[1]	"Vascular endothelial growth factor is a secreted angiogenic mitogen." Leung D.W., Cachianes G., Kuang W.-J., Goeddel D.V., Ferrara N. Science 246:1306-1309(1989) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 27-47.
[2]	"Vascular endothelial growth factor: a new member of the platelet-derived growth factor gene family." Tischer E., Gospodarowicz D., Mitchell R., Silva M., Schilling J., Lau K., Crisp T., Fiddes J.C., Abraham J.A. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 165:1198-1206(1989) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 27-190 (ISOFORMS ALPHA AND BETA).
[3]	"Pituitary follicular cells secrete a novel heparin-binding growth factor specific for vascular endothelial cells." Ferrara N., Henzel W.J. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 161:851-858(1989) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 27-31.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	M32976 mRNA. Translation: AAA30502.1. M31836 mRNA. Translation: AAA30804.1. M33750 mRNA. Translation: AAA30805.1.
IPI	IPI00685906. IPI00708180.
PIR	A33787. B40080.
RefSeq	NP_776641.1. NM_174216.1.
UniGene	Bt.4138.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	P15691.
SMR	P15691. Positions 37-134, 136-190.
ModBase	Search...
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
GeneID	281572.
KEGG	bta:281572.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	7422.
Phylogenomic databases
HOVERGEN	HBG000105.
KO	K05448.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR000072. PD_growth_factor. IPR023581. PD_growth_factor_CS. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF00341. PDGF. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SMART	SM00141. PDGF. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS00249. PDGF_1. 1 hit. PS50278. PDGF_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
NextBio	20805521.

Entry information

Entry name

VEGFA_BOVIN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P15691

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	April 1, 1990
Last sequence update:	April 1, 1990
Last modified:	April 3, 2013
This is version 97 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program