P15336 (ATF2_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 1, 2013.
Version 150.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Interactions·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Interactions·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 Short name=cAMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 Alternative name(s): Activating transcription factor 2 Cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 2 Short name=CREB-2 Short name=cAMP-responsive element-binding protein 2 HB16 cAMP response element-binding protein CRE-BP1 | ||||
| Gene names |
| ||||
| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 505 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Transcriptional activator, probably constitutive, which binds to the cAMP-responsive element (CRE) (consensus: 5'-GTGACGT[AC][AG]-3'), a sequence present in many viral and cellular promoters. Interaction with JUN redirects JUN to bind to CRES preferentially over the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate response elements (TRES) as part of an ATF2/JUN complex. |
| Subunit structure | Binds DNA as a dimer and can form a homodimer in the absence of DNA. Can form a heterodimer with JUN. Interacts with SMAD3 and SMAD4. Binds through its N-terminal region to UTF1 which acts as a coactivator of ATF2 transcriptional activity. Ref.9 |
| Subcellular location | |
| Tissue specificity | Abundant expression seen in the brain. |
| Post-translational modification | Phosphorylation of Thr-69 by MAPK14 and MAPK11, and at Thr-71 by MAPK1/ERK2, MAPK3/ERK1, MAPK11, MAPK12 and MAPK14 in response to external stimulus like insulin causes increased transcriptional activity. Phosphorylated by PLK3 following hyperosmotic stress. Also phosphorylated and activated by JNK and CaMK4. Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.10 Ref.15 |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the bZIP family. ATF subfamily. Contains 1 bZIP (basic-leucine zipper) domain. Contains 1 C2H2-type zinc finger. |
| Caution | It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-19 is the initiator. |
Ontologies
Binary interactions
With | Entry | #Exp. | IntAct | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FOS | P01100 | 4 | EBI-1170906,EBI-852851 | |
| JUN | P05412 | 4 | EBI-1170906,EBI-852823 | |
| SS18 | Q15532 | 2 | EBI-1170906,EBI-2560599 | |
| SYT-SSX2 | A4PIW0 | 11 | EBI-1170906,EBI-6050533 | |
| VRK1 | Q99986 | 5 | EBI-1170906,EBI-1769146 |
Alternative products
| This entry describes 3 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: P15336-1) This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: P15336-2) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-176: Missing. 177-185: TSSDSSVII → MSTAYFQMM | ||||||
| Isoform 3 (identifier: P15336-3) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 210-505: Missing. |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||||||||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 505 | 505 | Cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 | PRO_0000076577 | |||||||||||||
Regions | |||||||||||||||||
| Domain | 352 – 415 | 64 | bZIP | ||||||||||||||
| Zinc finger | 25 – 49 | 25 | C2H2-type | ||||||||||||||
| Region | 354 – 374 | 21 | Basic motif By similarity | ||||||||||||||
| Region | 380 – 408 | 29 | Leucine-zipper By similarity | ||||||||||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||||||||||
| Modified residue | 69 | 1 | Phosphothreonine; by MAPK11 and MAPK14 Ref.8 Ref.10 Ref.12 Ref.13 Ref.14 Ref.16 | ||||||||||||||
| Modified residue | 71 | 1 | Phosphothreonine; by MAPK1, MAPK3, MAPK11, MAPK12, MAPK14 and PLK3 Ref.8 Ref.10 Ref.13 Ref.14 Ref.15 Ref.16 | ||||||||||||||
| Modified residue | 90 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.16 | ||||||||||||||
| Modified residue | 112 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.12 Ref.13 Ref.14 Ref.16 | ||||||||||||||
| Modified residue | 116 | 1 | Phosphothreonine Ref.14 | ||||||||||||||
| Modified residue | 328 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.11 | ||||||||||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 176 | 176 | Missing in isoform 2. | VSP_000587 | |||||||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 177 – 185 | 9 | TSSDSSVII → MSTAYFQMM in isoform 2. | VSP_000588 | |||||||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 210 – 505 | 296 | Missing in isoform 3. | VSP_045161 | |||||||||||||
| Natural variant | 352 | 1 | D → H in a breast cancer sample; somatic mutation. Ref.18 | VAR_035999 | |||||||||||||
Experimental info | |||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 71 | 1 | T → A: Impairs phosphorylation by PLK3. Ref.15 | ||||||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 209 | 1 | V → L in AAB64017. Ref.2 | ||||||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 223 | 1 | N → S in CAA33886. Ref.1 | ||||||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 311 | 1 | R → L in AAB64017. Ref.2 | ||||||||||||||
Secondary structure | |||||||||||||||||
Helix Strand Turn | |||||||||||||||||
| Turn | 30 – 32 | 3 | |||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 35 – 38 | 4 | |||||||||||||||
| Helix | 39 – 50 | 12 | |||||||||||||||
| Turn | 51 – 55 | 5 | |||||||||||||||
| Helix | 355 – 412 | 58 | |||||||||||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Leucine zipper structure of the protein CRE-BP1 binding to the cyclic AMP response element in brain." Maekawa T., Sakura H., Kanei-Ishii C., Sudo T., Yoshimura T., Fujisawa J., Yoshida M., Ishii S. EMBO J. 8:2023-2028(1989) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Fetal brain. |
| [2] | "Identification of a novel, spliced variant of CREB that is preferentially expressed in the thymus." Yang L., Lanier E.R., Kraig E. J. Immunol. 158:2522-2525(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 2). Tissue: Thymus. |
| [3] | "Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4." Hillier L.W., Graves T.A., Fulton R.S., Fulton L.A., Pepin K.H., Minx P., Wagner-McPherson C., Layman D., Wylie K., Sekhon M., Becker M.C., Fewell G.A., Delehaunty K.D., Miner T.L., Nash W.E., Kremitzki C., Oddy L., Du H. Wilson R.K.Nature 434:724-731(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [4] | Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. Venter J.C.Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [5] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 3). Tissue: Brain. |
| [6] | "A cDNA for a human cyclic AMP response element-binding protein which is distinct from CREB and expressed preferentially in brain." Kara C.J., Liou H.-C., Ivashkiv L.B., Glimcher L.H. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:1347-1357(1990) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 211-505 (ISOFORMS 1/2). |
| [7] | "Regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinases by a calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase cascade." Enslen H., Tokumitsu H., Stork P.J., Davis R.J., Soderling T.R. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93:10803-10808(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION BY CAMK4. |
| [8] | "Selective activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase isoforms by the MAP kinase kinases MKK3 and MKK6." Enslen H., Raingeaud J., Davis R.J. J. Biol. Chem. 273:1741-1748(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-69 AND THR-71. |
| [9] | "Characterization of functional domains of an embryonic stem cell coactivator UTF1 which are conserved and essential for potentiation of ATF-2 activity." Fukushima A., Okuda A., Nishimoto M., Seki N., Hori T.A., Muramatsu M. J. Biol. Chem. 273:25840-25849(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH UTF1. |
| [10] | "Growth factors can activate ATF2 via a two-step mechanism: phosphorylation of Thr71 through the Ras-MEK-ERK pathway and of Thr69 through RalGDS-Src-p38." Ouwens D.M., de Ruiter N.D., van der Zon G.C., Carter A.P., Schouten J., van der Burgt C., Kooistra K., Bos J.L., Maassen J.A., van Dam H. EMBO J. 21:3782-3793(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-69 AND THR-71. |
| [11] | "Combining protein-based IMAC, peptide-based IMAC, and MudPIT for efficient phosphoproteomic analysis." Cantin G.T., Yi W., Lu B., Park S.K., Xu T., Lee J.-D., Yates J.R. III J. Proteome Res. 7:1346-1351(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-328, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Cervix carcinoma. |
| [12] | "A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation." Dephoure N., Zhou C., Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Bakalarski C.E., Elledge S.J., Gygi S.P. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10762-10767(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-69 AND SER-112, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Cervix carcinoma. |
| [13] | "Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions." Mayya V., Lundgren D.H., Hwang S.-I., Rezaul K., Wu L., Eng J.K., Rodionov V., Han D.K. Sci. Signal. 2:RA46-RA46(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-69; THR-71 AND SER-112, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Leukemic T-cell. |
| [14] | "Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis." Olsen J.V., Vermeulen M., Santamaria A., Kumar C., Miller M.L., Jensen L.J., Gnad F., Cox J., Jensen T.S., Nigg E.A., Brunak S., Mann M. Sci. Signal. 3:RA3-RA3(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-69; THR-71; SER-112 AND THR-116, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Cervix carcinoma. |
| [15] | "Hyperosmotic stress-induced ATF-2 activation through Polo-like kinase 3 in human corneal epithelial cells." Wang L., Payton R., Dai W., Lu L. J. Biol. Chem. 286:1951-1958(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-71, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, MUTAGENESIS OF THR-71. |
| [16] | "System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation." Rigbolt K.T., Prokhorova T.A., Akimov V., Henningsen J., Johansen P.T., Kratchmarova I., Kassem M., Mann M., Olsen J.V., Blagoev B. Sci. Signal. 4:RS3-RS3(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-69; THR-71; SER-90 AND SER-112, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [17] | "Solution structure of the transactivation domain of ATF-2 comprising a zinc finger-like subdomain and a flexible subdomain." Nagadoi A., Nakazawa K., Uda H., Okuno K., Maekawa T., Ishii S., Nishimura Y. J. Mol. Biol. 287:593-607(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 19-56. |
| [18] | "The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers." Sjoeblom T., Jones S., Wood L.D., Parsons D.W., Lin J., Barber T.D., Mandelker D., Leary R.J., Ptak J., Silliman N., Szabo S., Buckhaults P., Farrell C., Meeh P., Markowitz S.D., Willis J., Dawson D., Willson J.K.V. Velculescu V.E.Science 314:268-274(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] HIS-352. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | X15875 mRNA. Translation: CAA33886.1. U16028 mRNA. Translation: AAB64017.1. AC131958 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAX88876.1. AC074291 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAY15004.1. AC007435 Genomic DNA. No translation available. AC096649 Genomic DNA. No translation available. CH471058 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAX11111.1. CH471058 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAX11112.1. BC026175 mRNA. Translation: AAH26175.1. BC130335 mRNA. Translation: AAI30336.1. BC130337 mRNA. Translation: AAI30338.1. M31630 mRNA. Translation: AAA35951.1. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| IPI | IPI00234446. IPI01008990. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PIR | S05380. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| RefSeq | NP_001243019.1. NM_001256090.1. NP_001243020.1. NM_001256091.1. NP_001243023.1. NM_001256094.1. NP_001871.2. NM_001880.3. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| UniGene | Hs.592510. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
3D structure databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PDBe RCSB PDB PDBj |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ProteinModelPortal | P15336. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ModBase | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Protein-protein interaction databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DIP | DIP-632N. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| IntAct | P15336. 175 interactions. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MINT | MINT-1788434. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| STRING | 9606.ENSP00000264110. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
PTM databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PhosphoSite | P15336. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Polymorphism databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DMDM | 215274241. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Proteomic databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PaxDb | P15336. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PRIDE | P15336. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Protocols and materials databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DNASU | 1386. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genome annotation databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ensembl | ENST00000264110; ENSP00000264110; ENSG00000115966. ENST00000392544; ENSP00000376327; ENSG00000115966. ENST00000409833; ENSP00000386526; ENSG00000115966. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GeneID | 1386. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| KEGG | hsa:1386. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| UCSC | uc002ujl.3. human. uc002ujv.3. human. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Organism-specific databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CTD | 1386. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GeneCards | GC02M175937. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HGNC | HGNC:784. ATF2. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HPA | CAB003769. HPA022134. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MIM | 123811. gene. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| neXtProt | NX_P15336. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PharmGKB | PA25084. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GenAtlas | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Phylogenomic databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| eggNOG | NOG306955. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HOGENOM | HOG000220894. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HOVERGEN | HBG004300. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| InParanoid | P15336. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| KO | K04450. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| OMA | TPIIRNK. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| OrthoDB | EOG45MN5N. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PhylomeDB | P15336. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Enzyme and pathway databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pathway_Interaction_DB | il12_2pathway. IL12-mediated signaling events. smad2_3nuclearpathway. Regulation of nuclear SMAD2/3 signaling. p38alphabetadownstreampathway. Signaling mediated by p38-alpha and p38-beta. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reactome | REACT_6782. TRAF6 Mediated Induction of proinflammatory cytokines. REACT_6900. Immune System. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gene expression databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ArrayExpress | P15336. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bgee | P15336. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CleanEx | HS_ATF2. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genevestigator | P15336. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GermOnline | ENSG00000115966. Homo sapiens. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Family and domain databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gene3D | 3.30.160.60. 1 hit. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| InterPro | IPR004827. bZIP. IPR016378. TF_cAMP-dep. IPR007087. Znf_C2H2. IPR015880. Znf_C2H2-like. IPR013087. Znf_C2H2/integrase_DNA-bd. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pfam | PF00170. bZIP_1. 1 hit. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PIRSF | PIRSF003153. ATF2_CRE-BP1. 1 hit. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SMART | SM00338. BRLZ. 1 hit. SM00355. ZnF_C2H2. 1 hit. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PROSITE | PS50217. BZIP. 1 hit. PS00036. BZIP_BASIC. 1 hit. PS00028. ZINC_FINGER_C2H2_1. 1 hit. PS50157. ZINC_FINGER_C2H2_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ProtoNet | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ChiTaRS | ATF2. human. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| EvolutionaryTrace | P15336. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GenomeRNAi | 1386. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NextBio | 5631. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SOURCE | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Entry information
| Entry name | ATF2_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: P15336 Secondary accession number(s): A1L3Z2 Q8TAR1 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
| ||||||||
| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 2 Human chromosome 2: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| PDB cross-references Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
