Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P14954 (CECA_DROME)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Cecropin-A1/A2

Gene names

Name:	CecA1
ORF Names:	CG1365
AND
Name:	CecA2
ORF Names:	CG1367

Organism

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

7227 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Arthropoda › Hexapoda › Insecta › Pterygota › Neoptera › Endopterygota › Diptera › Brachycera › Muscomorpha › Ephydroidea › Drosophilidae › Drosophila › Sophophora

Protein attributes

Sequence length	63 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Cecropins have lytic and antibacterial activity against several Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Subcellular location	Secreted.
Tissue specificity	Strongly expressed in larval, pupal and adult fat body and hemocytes after injection of bacteria. Maximal expression in the adult involves fat body cells of the head, thorax and abdomen. Ref.8
Induction	Induced as part of the humoral response to a bacterial invasion. Transcripts appear within one hour after injection of bacteria into the hemocoel, reach a maximum after 2-6 hours and have almost disappeared after 24 hours. Similar response is seen when flies ingest bacteria present in their food. Ref.8 Ref.1
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the cecropin family.
Sequence caution	The sequence ACD81810.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift at position 32.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Immune response Innate immunity
Cellular component	Secreted
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Domain	Signal
Molecular function	Antibiotic Antimicrobial
PTM	Amidation
Technical term	Complete proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	antibacterial humoral response Ref.1 Ref.8 Inferred from direct assay. Source: FlyBase cytolysis Ref.4 Traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB defense response to Gram-negative bacterium Ref.8 Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB defense response to Gram-positive bacterium Ref.8 Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB innate immune response Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW salivary gland cell autophagic cell death Inferred from expression pattern. Source: FlyBase
Cellular component	extracellular space Inferred from direct assay. Source: FlyBase
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 23	23
	Chain	24 – 62	39	Cecropin-A1/A2		PRO_0000004839
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	62	1	Arginine amide By similarity
Natural variations
	Natural variant	2	1	N → D in CecA2; strain: Z5.
	Natural variant	2	1	N → K in CecA2; strain: Z24.
	Natural variant	3	1	F → L in CecA2; strain: M2, MJ1 and MJ3.
	Natural variant	7	1	F → L in CecA2; strain: B226.
	Natural variant	8	1	V → A in CecA1; strain: M26.
	Natural variant	8	1	V → G in CecA2; strain: Z5.
	Natural variant	11	1	A → P in CecA1; strain: B226 and B316.
	Natural variant	11	1	A → T in CecA2; strain: B115, M11 and M47.
	Natural variant	14	1	L → V in CecA1; strain: MJ3.
	Natural variant	20	1	Q → E in CecA1; strain: B316.
	Natural variant	36	1	V → A in CecA2; strain: MJ2.
	Natural variant	45	1	I → IFT in CecA1; strain: M40.
	Natural variant	45	1	I → V in CecA1; strain: MJ1.
	Natural variant	56	1	N → D in CecA1; strain: MJ1.
	Natural variant	61	1	A → G in CecA1; strain: Z24.
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	31	1	K → R in ACD81810. Ref.7

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P14954-1 [UniParc]. Last modified April 1, 1990. Version 1. Checksum: F709070C5BEC7D74	FASTA	63	6,771
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MNFYNIFVFV ALILAITIGQ SEAGWLKKIG KKIERVGQHT RDATIQGLGI AQQAANVAAT ARG

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"The cecropin locus in Drosophila; a compact gene cluster involved in the response to infection." Kylsten P., Samakovlis C., Hultmark D. EMBO J. 9:217-224(1990) [PubMed: 2104802] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] (CECA1 AND CECA2), INDUCTION. Strain: Canton-S.
[2]	"Molecular population genetics of Drosophila immune system genes." Clark A.G., Wang L. Genetics 147:713-724(1997) [PubMed: 9335607] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] (CECA1 AND CECA2), VARIANTS LYS-2; LEU-7; GLY-8; THR-11; GLU-20 AND GLY-61. Strain: B115, B137, B141, B205, B208, B222, B225, B226, B316, M13, Z10, Z18, Z22, Z24 and Z5.
[3]	"Evolutionary history and mechanism of the Drosophila cecropin gene family." Date A., Satta Y., Takahata N., Chigusa S.I. Immunogenetics 47:417-429(1998) [PubMed: 9553148] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] (CECA1 AND CECA2), VARIANTS LEU-3; VAL-14; ALA-36; VAL-45 AND ASP-56. Strain: 3RC, MA1, MA2, MA3, MJ1, MJ2 and MJ3.
[4]	"Molecular evolution of the Cecropin multigene family in Drosophila: functional genes vs pseudogenes." Ramos-Onsins S., Aguade M. Genetics 150:157-171(1998) [PubMed: 9725836] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] (CECA1 AND CECA2), VARIANTS LEU-3; GLY-8; THR-11 AND VAL-45. Strain: M11, M2, M26, M36, M40, M47, M54, M55 and M66.
[5]	"The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster." Adams M.D., Celniker S.E., Holt R.A., Evans C.A., Gocayne J.D., Amanatides P.G., Scherer S.E., Li P.W., Hoskins R.A., Galle R.F., George R.A., Lewis S.E., Richards S., Ashburner M., Henderson S.N., Sutton G.G., Wortman J.R., Yandell M.D. , Zhang Q., Chen L.X., Brandon R.C., Rogers Y.-H.C., Blazej R.G., Champe M., Pfeiffer B.D., Wan K.H., Doyle C., Baxter E.G., Helt G., Nelson C.R., Miklos G.L.G., Abril J.F., Agbayani A., An H.-J., Andrews-Pfannkoch C., Baldwin D., Ballew R.M., Basu A., Baxendale J., Bayraktaroglu L., Beasley E.M., Beeson K.Y., Benos P.V., Berman B.P., Bhandari D., Bolshakov S., Borkova D., Botchan M.R., Bouck J., Brokstein P., Brottier P., Burtis K.C., Busam D.A., Butler H., Cadieu E., Center A., Chandra I., Cherry J.M., Cawley S., Dahlke C., Davenport L.B., Davies P., de Pablos B., Delcher A., Deng Z., Mays A.D., Dew I., Dietz S.M., Dodson K., Doup L.E., Downes M., Dugan-Rocha S., Dunkov B.C., Dunn P., Durbin K.J., Evangelista C.C., Ferraz C., Ferriera S., Fleischmann W., Fosler C., Gabrielian A.E., Garg N.S., Gelbart W.M., Glasser K., Glodek A., Gong F., Gorrell J.H., Gu Z., Guan P., Harris M., Harris N.L., Harvey D.A., Heiman T.J., Hernandez J.R., Houck J., Hostin D., Houston K.A., Howland T.J., Wei M.-H., Ibegwam C., Jalali M., Kalush F., Karpen G.H., Ke Z., Kennison J.A., Ketchum K.A., Kimmel B.E., Kodira C.D., Kraft C.L., Kravitz S., Kulp D., Lai Z., Lasko P., Lei Y., Levitsky A.A., Li J.H., Li Z., Liang Y., Lin X., Liu X., Mattei B., McIntosh T.C., McLeod M.P., McPherson D., Merkulov G., Milshina N.V., Mobarry C., Morris J., Moshrefi A., Mount S.M., Moy M., Murphy B., Murphy L., Muzny D.M., Nelson D.L., Nelson D.R., Nelson K.A., Nixon K., Nusskern D.R., Pacleb J.M., Palazzolo M., Pittman G.S., Pan S., Pollard J., Puri V., Reese M.G., Reinert K., Remington K., Saunders R.D.C., Scheeler F., Shen H., Shue B.C., Siden-Kiamos I., Simpson M., Skupski M.P., Smith T.J., Spier E., Spradling A.C., Stapleton M., Strong R., Sun E., Svirskas R., Tector C., Turner R., Venter E., Wang A.H., Wang X., Wang Z.-Y., Wassarman D.A., Weinstock G.M., Weissenbach J., Williams S.M., Woodage T., Worley K.C., Wu D., Yang S., Yao Q.A., Ye J., Yeh R.-F., Zaveri J.S., Zhan M., Zhang G., Zhao Q., Zheng L., Zheng X.H., Zhong F.N., Zhong W., Zhou X., Zhu S.C., Zhu X., Smith H.O., Gibbs R.A., Myers E.W., Rubin G.M., Venter J.C. Science 287:2185-2195(2000) [PubMed: 10731132] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA] (CECA1 AND CECA2). Strain: Berkeley.
[6]	"Annotation of the Drosophila melanogaster euchromatic genome: a systematic review." Misra S., Crosby M.A., Mungall C.J., Matthews B.B., Campbell K.S., Hradecky P., Huang Y., Kaminker J.S., Millburn G.H., Prochnik S.E., Smith C.D., Tupy J.L., Whitfield E.J., Bayraktaroglu L., Berman B.P., Bettencourt B.R., Celniker S.E., de Grey A.D.N.J. , Drysdale R.A., Harris N.L., Richter J., Russo S., Schroeder A.J., Shu S.Q., Stapleton M., Yamada C., Ashburner M., Gelbart W.M., Rubin G.M., Lewis S.E. Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0083.1-RESEARCH0083.22(2002) [PubMed: 12537572] [Abstract] Cited for: GENOME REANNOTATION.
[7]	Carlson J.W., Booth B., Frise E., Park S., Wan K.H., Yu C., Celniker S.E. Submitted (MAY-2008) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (CECA2). Strain: Berkeley.
[8]	"The immune response in Drosophila: pattern of cecropin expression and biological activity." Samakovlis C., Kimbrell D.A., Kylsten P., Engstrom A., Hultmark D. EMBO J. 9:2969-2976(1990) [PubMed: 2390977] [Abstract] Cited for: INDUCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. Strain: Canton-S.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	X16972 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA34843.1. X16972 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA34844.1. AF018964 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB82461.1. AF018965 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB82462.1. AF018966 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB82463.1. AF018967 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB82464.1. AF018968 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB82465.1. AF018969 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB82466.1. AF018970 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB82467.1. AF018971 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB82468.1. AF018972 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB82469.1. AF018973 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB82470.1. AF018974 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB82471.1. AF018976 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB82473.1. AF018977 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB82474.1. AF018978 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB82475.1. AF018979 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB82476.1. AF018980 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB82477.1. AF018981 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB82478.1. AF018982 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB82479.1. AF018983 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB82480.1. AF018984 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB82481.1. AB010791 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA28719.1. AB010791 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA28721.1. AB010792 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA28723.1. AB010792 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA28725.1. AB010793 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA28727.1. AB010793 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA28728.1. AB010794 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA28730.1. AB010794 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA28732.1. AB010795 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA28734.1. AB010796 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA28736.1. AB010796 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA28738.1. AB010797 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA28740.1. AB010797 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA28742.1. Y16852 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA76425.1. Y16852 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA76427.1. Y16853 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA76431.1. Y16853 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA76433.1. Y16854 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA76437.1. Y16854 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA76439.1. Y16855 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA76443.1. Y16855 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA76445.1. Y16856 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA76449.1. Y16856 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA76451.1. Y16857 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA76455.1. Y16857 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA76457.1. Y16858 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA76461.1. Y16858 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA76463.1. Y16859 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA76467.1. Y16859 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA76469.1. Y16861 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA76477.1. Y16861 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA76479.1. AE014297 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF57025.1. AE014297 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF57026.1. BT032790 mRNA. Translation: ACD81804.1. BT032796 mRNA. Translation: ACD81810.1. Frameshift.
PIR	S07664.
RefSeq	NP_524588.1. NP_524589.1.
UniGene	Dm.24116 Dm.24117
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
DIP	DIP:20122N.
IntAct	P14954. 2 interactions.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	FBgn0000276. Drosophila melanogaster. [Contig view] FBgn0000277. Drosophila melanogaster. [Contig view]
GeneID	43596. 43597.
KEGG	dme:Dmel_CG1365. dme:Dmel_CG1367.
Organism-specific databases
FlyBase	FBgn0000276. CecA1. FBgn0000277. CecA2.
Phylogenomic databases
OMA	P14954. GKKIERV.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyc	DMEL-XXX-02:DMEL-XXX-02-014141-MON. DMEL-XXX-02:DMEL-XXX-02-014142-MON.
Gene expression databases
GermOnline	CG1365. Drosophila melanogaster. CG1367. Drosophila melanogaster.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR000875. Cecropin. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF00272. Cecropin. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProDom	PD001670. Sarctxn_cecrpn. 1 hit. [Graphical view] [Entries sharing at least one domain]
PROSITE	PS00268. CECROPIN. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other Resources
NextBio	834770.

Entry information

Entry name

CECA_DROME

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P14954
Secondary accession number(s): B3DN02 , B3DN08, O16815, O16816, O16817, O16818, O16819, O16820, O16821, O61275, O61276, O61277, O61279, O62590, P82449

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	April 1, 1990
Last sequence update:	April 1, 1990
Last modified:	June 16, 2009
This is version 91 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

Drosophila annotation project