P13563 (HAS1_XENLA) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Hyaluronan synthase 1
EC=2.4.1.212

Alternative name(s):
DG42 protein
Hyaluronate synthase 1
Hyaluronic acid synthase 1
Short name=HA synthase 1
Short name=xHAS1

Gene names

Name:

has1

Organism

Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog)

Taxonomic identifier

8355 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Amphibia › Batrachia › Anura › Mesobatrachia › Pipoidea › Pipidae › Xenopodinae › Xenopus › Xenopus

Protein attributes

Sequence length	588 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Plays a role in hyaluronan/hyaluronic acid (HA) synthesis. May play a role in signaling or pattern formation in embryonic development. Ref.1 Ref.2
Catalytic activity	UDP-alpha-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine + beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-(nascent hyaluronan) = UDP + N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-(nascent hyaluronan). Ref.2 UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate + N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-(nascent hyaluronan) = UDP + beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucuronosyl-(1->3)-(nascent hyaluronan). Ref.2
Cofactor	Magnesium.
Pathway	Glycan biosynthesis; hyaluronan biosynthesis.
Subcellular location	Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein Probable.
Tissue specificity	Expression moves as a gradient through the embryo. The mRNA is first expressed in the animal region of the blastula, and by early gastrula is found everywhere except in the outer layer of the dorsal blastopore lip. By mid-gastrula, protein is present in the inner ectodermal layer and the endoderm, then disappears from dorsal ectoderm as the neural plate is induced and later decays in a dorsoventral direction. Last expressed in ventral regions of the gut at the tailbud stage (at protein level). Ref.1
Developmental stage	Expressed during a short window of embryogenesis. Expression of mRNA begins just after mid-blastula, peaks at late gastrula, and declines by the end of neurulation. Protein expression follows that of the mRNA with a time lag of approximately 2 hours: accumulates through gastrula and early neurula stages and peaks at about stage 18 (mid-neurula), then decays in a non-uniform manner, persisting about 12 to 18 hr longer than the RNA (at protein level). Ref.1 Ref.2
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the nodC/HAS family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Membrane
Domain	Transmembrane Transmembrane helix
Molecular function	Glycosyltransferase Transferase
Gene Ontology (GO)
Cellular component	integral to membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Molecular function	hyaluronan synthase activity Inferred from direct assay Ref.2. Source: UniProtKB
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 588	588	Hyaluronan synthase 1		PRO_0000197171
Regions
	Topological domain	1 – 28	28	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	29 – 49	21	Helical; Name=1; Potential
	Topological domain	50 – 61	12	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	62 – 82	21	Helical; Name=2; Potential
	Topological domain	83 – 411	329	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	412 – 432	21	Helical; Name=3; Potential
	Topological domain	433	1	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	434 – 454	21	Helical; Name=4; Potential
	Topological domain	455 – 456	2	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	457 – 477	21	Helical; Name=5; Potential
	Topological domain	478 – 505	28	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	506 – 526	21	Helical; Name=6; Potential
	Topological domain	527 – 543	17	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	544 – 564	21	Helical; Name=7; Potential
	Topological domain	565 – 588	24	Extracellular Potential

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P13563 [UniParc]. Last modified January 1, 1990. Version 1. Checksum: 33DA3B8E331F4CE9	FASTA	588	68,522
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MKEKAAETME IPEGIPKDLE PKHPTLWRII YYSFGVVLLA TITAAYVAEF QVLKHEAILF 70 80 90 100 110 120 SLGLYGLAML LHLMMQSLFA FLEIRRVNKS ELPCSFKKTV ALTIAGYQEN PEYLIKCLES 130 140 150 160 170 180 CKYVKYPKDK LKIILVIDGN TEDDAYMMEM FKDVFHGEDV GTYVWKGNYH TVKKPEETNK 190 200 210 220 230 240 GSCPEVSKPL NEDEGINMVE ELVRNKRCVC IMQQWGGKRE VMYTAFQAIG TSVDYVQVCD 250 260 270 280 290 300 SDTKLDELAT VEMVKVLESN DMYGAVGGDV RILNPYDSFI SFMSSLRYWM AFNVERACQS 310 320 330 340 350 360 YFDCVSCISG PLGMYRNNIL QVFLEAWYRQ KFLGTYCTLG DDRHLTNRVL SMGYRTKYTH 370 380 390 400 410 420 KSRAFSETPS LYLRWLNQQT RWTKSYFREW LYNAQWWHKH HIWMTYESVV SFIFPFFITA 430 440 450 460 470 480 TVIRLIYAGT IWNVVWLLLC IQIMSLFKSI YACWLRGNFI MLLMSLYSML YMTGLLPSKY 490 500 510 520 530 540 FALLTLNKTG WGTSGRKKIV GNYMPILPLS IWAAVLCGGV GYSIYMDCQN DWSTPEKQKE 550 560 570 580 MYHLLYGCVG YVMYWVIMAV MYWVWVKRCC RKRSQTVTLV HDIPDMCV

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Accumulation and decay of DG42 gene products follow a gradient pattern during Xenopus embryogenesis." Rosa F., Sargent T.D., Rebbert M.L., Michaels G.S., Jamrich M., Grunz H., Jonas E., Winkles J.A., Dawid I.B. Dev. Biol. 129:114-123(1988) [PubMed: 3410156] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE. Tissue: Gastrula.
[2]	"Characterization and molecular evolution of a vertebrate hyaluronan synthase gene family." Spicer A.P., McDonald J.A. J. Biol. Chem. 273:1923-1932(1998) [PubMed: 9442026] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
[3]	NIH - Xenopus Gene Collection (XGC) project Submitted (MAR-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Neurula.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	M22249 mRNA. Translation: AAA49699.1. BC047963 mRNA. Translation: AAH47963.1. BC108480 mRNA. Translation: AAI08481.1.
PIR	A43740.
RefSeq	NP_001079696.1. NM_001086227.1.
UniGene	Xl.4517.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	P13563.
ModBase	Search...
Protein family/group databases
CAZy	GT2. Glycosyltransferase Family 2.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
GeneID	379383.
KEGG	xla:379383.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	3036.
Xenbase	XB-GENE-6256069. has1.
Phylogenomic databases
HOVERGEN	HBG000189.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR004835. Chitin_synth_fng. [Graphical view]
KO	K00752.
Pfam	PF03142. Chitin_synth_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

HAS1_XENLA

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P13563
Secondary accession number(s): Q5D0A1

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	January 1, 1990
Last sequence update:	January 1, 1990
Last modified:	November 16, 2011
This is version 74 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program