ID SCD2_MOUSE Reviewed; 358 AA. AC P13011; Q8BH96; DT 01-JAN-1990, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 27-JUL-2011, sequence version 2. DT 27-MAR-2024, entry version 180. DE RecName: Full=Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 2 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:16118274}; DE EC=1.14.19.1 {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16443825, ECO:0000305|PubMed:16118274}; DE AltName: Full=Acyl-CoA desaturase 2; DE AltName: Full=Delta(9)-desaturase 2; DE Short=Delta-9 desaturase 2 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:16443825}; DE AltName: Full=Fatty acid desaturase 2; GN Name=Scd2; OS Mus musculus (Mouse). OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; OC Murinae; Mus; Mus. OX NCBI_TaxID=10090; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. RC TISSUE=Adipocyte; RX PubMed=2570068; DOI=10.1016/s0021-9258(18)63763-9; RA Kaestner K.H., Ntambi J.M., Kelly T.J. Jr., Lane M.D.; RT "Differentiation-induced gene expression in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. A second RT differentially expressed gene encoding stearoyl-CoA desaturase."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 264:14755-14761(1989). RN [2] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. RC STRAIN=C57BL/6J; TISSUE=Brain, and Spinal ganglion; RX PubMed=16141072; DOI=10.1126/science.1112014; RA Carninci P., Kasukawa T., Katayama S., Gough J., Frith M.C., Maeda N., RA Oyama R., Ravasi T., Lenhard B., Wells C., Kodzius R., Shimokawa K., RA Bajic V.B., Brenner S.E., Batalov S., Forrest A.R., Zavolan M., Davis M.J., RA Wilming L.G., Aidinis V., Allen J.E., Ambesi-Impiombato A., Apweiler R., RA Aturaliya R.N., Bailey T.L., Bansal M., Baxter L., Beisel K.W., Bersano T., RA Bono H., Chalk A.M., Chiu K.P., Choudhary V., Christoffels A., RA Clutterbuck D.R., Crowe M.L., Dalla E., Dalrymple B.P., de Bono B., RA Della Gatta G., di Bernardo D., Down T., Engstrom P., Fagiolini M., RA Faulkner G., Fletcher C.F., Fukushima T., Furuno M., Futaki S., RA Gariboldi M., Georgii-Hemming P., Gingeras T.R., Gojobori T., Green R.E., RA Gustincich S., Harbers M., Hayashi Y., Hensch T.K., Hirokawa N., Hill D., RA Huminiecki L., Iacono M., Ikeo K., Iwama A., Ishikawa T., Jakt M., RA Kanapin A., Katoh M., Kawasawa Y., Kelso J., Kitamura H., Kitano H., RA Kollias G., Krishnan S.P., Kruger A., Kummerfeld S.K., Kurochkin I.V., RA Lareau L.F., Lazarevic D., Lipovich L., Liu J., Liuni S., McWilliam S., RA Madan Babu M., Madera M., Marchionni L., Matsuda H., Matsuzawa S., Miki H., RA Mignone F., Miyake S., Morris K., Mottagui-Tabar S., Mulder N., Nakano N., RA Nakauchi H., Ng P., Nilsson R., Nishiguchi S., Nishikawa S., Nori F., RA Ohara O., Okazaki Y., Orlando V., Pang K.C., Pavan W.J., Pavesi G., RA Pesole G., Petrovsky N., Piazza S., Reed J., Reid J.F., Ring B.Z., RA Ringwald M., Rost B., Ruan Y., Salzberg S.L., Sandelin A., Schneider C., RA Schoenbach C., Sekiguchi K., Semple C.A., Seno S., Sessa L., Sheng Y., RA Shibata Y., Shimada H., Shimada K., Silva D., Sinclair B., Sperling S., RA Stupka E., Sugiura K., Sultana R., Takenaka Y., Taki K., Tammoja K., RA Tan S.L., Tang S., Taylor M.S., Tegner J., Teichmann S.A., Ueda H.R., RA van Nimwegen E., Verardo R., Wei C.L., Yagi K., Yamanishi H., RA Zabarovsky E., Zhu S., Zimmer A., Hide W., Bult C., Grimmond S.M., RA Teasdale R.D., Liu E.T., Brusic V., Quackenbush J., Wahlestedt C., RA Mattick J.S., Hume D.A., Kai C., Sasaki D., Tomaru Y., Fukuda S., RA Kanamori-Katayama M., Suzuki M., Aoki J., Arakawa T., Iida J., Imamura K., RA Itoh M., Kato T., Kawaji H., Kawagashira N., Kawashima T., Kojima M., RA Kondo S., Konno H., Nakano K., Ninomiya N., Nishio T., Okada M., Plessy C., RA Shibata K., Shiraki T., Suzuki S., Tagami M., Waki K., Watahiki A., RA Okamura-Oho Y., Suzuki H., Kawai J., Hayashizaki Y.; RT "The transcriptional landscape of the mammalian genome."; RL Science 309:1559-1563(2005). RN [3] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RA Mural R.J., Adams M.D., Myers E.W., Smith H.O., Venter J.C.; RL Submitted (JUL-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [4] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. RC STRAIN=129; TISSUE=Mammary tumor; RX PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504; RG The MGC Project Team; RT "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: RT the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."; RL Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004). RN [5] RP TISSUE SPECIFICITY. RX PubMed=10545940; DOI=10.1038/15446; RA Zheng Y., Eilertsen K.J., Ge L., Zhang L., Sundberg J.P., Prouty S.M., RA Stenn K.S., Parimoo S.; RT "Scd1 is expressed in sebaceous glands and is disrupted in the asebia RT mouse."; RL Nat. Genet. 23:268-270(1999). RN [6] RP TISSUE SPECIFICITY. RX PubMed=11161812; DOI=10.1006/geno.2000.6429; RA Zheng Y., Prouty S.M., Harmon A., Sundberg J.P., Stenn K.S., Parimoo S.; RT "Scd3--a novel gene of the stearoyl-CoA desaturase family with restricted RT expression in skin."; RL Genomics 71:182-191(2001). RN [7] RP INDUCTION BY UNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS AND NR1H3, AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY. RX PubMed=12815040; DOI=10.1074/jbc.m304724200; RA Miyazaki M., Jacobson M.J., Man W.C., Cohen P., Asilmaz E., Friedman J.M., RA Ntambi J.M.; RT "Identification and characterization of murine SCD4, a novel heart-specific RT stearoyl-CoA desaturase isoform regulated by leptin and dietary factors."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 278:33904-33911(2003). RN [8] RP FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY. RX PubMed=16118274; DOI=10.1073/pnas.0503132102; RA Miyazaki M., Dobrzyn A., Elias P.M., Ntambi J.M.; RT "Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-2 gene expression is required for lipid synthesis RT during early skin and liver development."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102:12501-12506(2005). RN [9] RP FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, AND SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. RX PubMed=16443825; DOI=10.1194/jlr.c500025-jlr200; RA Miyazaki M., Bruggink S.M., Ntambi J.M.; RT "Identification of mouse palmitoyl-coenzyme A Delta9-desaturase."; RL J. Lipid Res. 47:700-704(2006). CC -!- FUNCTION: Stearoyl-CoA desaturase that utilizes O(2) and electrons from CC reduced cytochrome b5 to introduce the first double bond into saturated CC fatty acyl-CoA substrates (PubMed:16443825). Catalyzes the insertion of CC a cis double bond at the delta-9 position into fatty acyl-CoA CC substrates including palmitoyl-CoA and stearoyl-CoA (PubMed:16443825). CC Gives rise to a mixture of 16:1 and 18:1 unsaturated fatty acids CC (PubMed:16443825). Contributes to the biosynthesis of membrane CC phospholipids, cholesterol esters and triglycerides, especially during CC embryonic development and in neonates (PubMed:16118274). Important for CC normal permeability barrier function of the skin in neonates CC (PubMed:16118274). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16118274, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:16443825}. CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: CC Reaction=2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H(+) + O2 + octadecanoyl-CoA = CC (9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O; CC Xref=Rhea:RHEA:19721, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:10438, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:10439, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:15379, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:29033, ChEBI:CHEBI:29034, ChEBI:CHEBI:57387, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:57394; EC=1.14.19.1; CC Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:16443825, ECO:0000305|PubMed:16118274}; CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:19722; CC Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:16118274, ECO:0000305|PubMed:16443825}; CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: CC Reaction=2 Fe(II)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H(+) + hexadecanoyl-CoA + O2 = CC (9Z)-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 Fe(III)-[cytochrome b5] + 2 H2O; CC Xref=Rhea:RHEA:36931, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:10438, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:10439, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:15379, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:29033, ChEBI:CHEBI:29034, ChEBI:CHEBI:57379, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:61540; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:16443825}; CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:36932; CC Evidence={ECO:0000305|PubMed:16443825}; CC -!- COFACTOR: CC Name=Fe(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:29033; CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13516}; CC Note=Expected to bind 2 Fe(2+) ions per subunit. CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13516}; CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane CC {ECO:0000305|PubMed:16443825}; Multi-pass membrane protein CC {ECO:0000305|PubMed:16443825}. Microsome membrane CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16443825}. CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Detected in brain and skin (PubMed:10545940, CC PubMed:11161812, PubMed:16118274). Highly expressed in brain, and CC detected at low levels in heart, stomach, lung and testis CC (PubMed:11161812, PubMed:12815040). Detected both in dermis and CC epidermis (PubMed:16118274). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10545940, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:12815040, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16118274}. CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Highly expressed during embryonic development and CC during the first three weeks after birth. Expression is low in adults. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16118274}. CC -!- INDUCTION: Up-regulated by agonists that activate NR1H3 CC (PubMed:12815040). Slightly down-regulated by a high-carbohydrate diet CC enriched in unsaturated fatty acids (PubMed:12815040). CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12815040}. CC -!- DOMAIN: The histidine box domains are involved in binding the catalytic CC metal ions. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O00767}. CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Mutant mice are born at the expected Mendelian CC rate. Neonates are smaller than wild-type and present high mortality, CC ranging from 70 to 100%, depending on the genetic background. Neonates CC display a shiny skin, but after a few hours their skin appears dry and CC cracked. The permeability barrier function of their skin is impaired, CC leading to rapid weight loss due to dehydration. Their epidermis has CC decreased levels of cholesterol esters, triglycerides, acylceramide, CC and glucosylacylceramide containing unsaturated fatty acids. In mutant CC neonates, triglyceride levels in liver and blood plasma are reduced by CC half, due to strongly reduced levels of stearoyl-CoA desaturase CC activity in the liver and strongly reduced levels of triglyceride CC biosynthesis. In contrast, the levels of stearoyl-CoA desaturase CC activity are normal in adult mice deficient for Scd2. Adult mice CC display kinked tails. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16118274}. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the fatty acid desaturase type 1 family. CC {ECO:0000305}. CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; M26270; AAA40094.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AK083922; BAC39066.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AK147406; BAE27893.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; CH466534; EDL41928.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; BC040384; AAH40384.1; -; mRNA. DR CCDS; CCDS29848.1; -. DR PIR; A36507; A36507. DR RefSeq; NP_033154.2; NM_009128.2. DR AlphaFoldDB; P13011; -. DR SMR; P13011; -. DR BioGRID; 203089; 5. DR IntAct; P13011; 1. DR MINT; P13011; -. DR STRING; 10090.ENSMUSP00000026221; -. DR iPTMnet; P13011; -. DR PhosphoSitePlus; P13011; -. DR SwissPalm; P13011; -. DR EPD; P13011; -. DR MaxQB; P13011; -. DR PaxDb; 10090-ENSMUSP00000026221; -. DR PeptideAtlas; P13011; -. DR ProteomicsDB; 285646; -. DR Pumba; P13011; -. DR DNASU; 20250; -. DR Ensembl; ENSMUST00000026221.7; ENSMUSP00000026221.6; ENSMUSG00000025203.7. DR GeneID; 20250; -. DR KEGG; mmu:20250; -. DR UCSC; uc008hpp.2; mouse. DR AGR; MGI:98240; -. DR CTD; 20250; -. DR MGI; MGI:98240; Scd2. DR VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSMUSG00000025203; -. DR eggNOG; KOG1600; Eukaryota. DR GeneTree; ENSGT00940000154908; -. DR HOGENOM; CLU_027359_0_0_1; -. DR InParanoid; P13011; -. DR OMA; WWARLHR; -. DR OrthoDB; 637961at2759; -. DR PhylomeDB; P13011; -. DR TreeFam; TF313251; -. DR BRENDA; 1.14.19.1; 3474. DR BioGRID-ORCS; 20250; 12 hits in 81 CRISPR screens. DR ChiTaRS; Scd2; mouse. DR PRO; PR:P13011; -. DR Proteomes; UP000000589; Chromosome 19. DR RNAct; P13011; Protein. DR Bgee; ENSMUSG00000025203; Expressed in migratory enteric neural crest cell and 271 other cell types or tissues. DR ExpressionAtlas; P13011; baseline and differential. DR GO; GO:0005783; C:endoplasmic reticulum; IDA:MGI. DR GO; GO:0005789; C:endoplasmic reticulum membrane; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0016020; C:membrane; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0005730; C:nucleolus; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0005506; F:iron ion binding; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0016491; F:oxidoreductase activity; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0032896; F:palmitoyl-CoA 9-desaturase activity; IDA:MGI. DR GO; GO:0004768; F:stearoyl-CoA 9-desaturase activity; IDA:MGI. DR GO; GO:1903966; P:monounsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic process; IDA:MGI. DR GO; GO:0070542; P:response to fatty acid; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0006636; P:unsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic process; ISO:MGI. DR CDD; cd03505; Delta9-FADS-like; 1. DR InterPro; IPR015876; Acyl-CoA_DS. DR InterPro; IPR005804; FA_desaturase_dom. DR InterPro; IPR001522; FADS-1_CS. DR PANTHER; PTHR11351; ACYL-COA DESATURASE; 1. DR PANTHER; PTHR11351:SF102; STEAROYL-COA DESATURASE; 1. DR Pfam; PF00487; FA_desaturase; 1. DR PRINTS; PR00075; FACDDSATRASE. DR PROSITE; PS00476; FATTY_ACID_DESATUR_1; 1. DR Genevisible; P13011; MM. PE 1: Evidence at protein level; KW Endoplasmic reticulum; Fatty acid biosynthesis; Fatty acid metabolism; KW Iron; Lipid biosynthesis; Lipid metabolism; Membrane; Metal-binding; KW Microsome; Oxidoreductase; Reference proteome; Transmembrane; KW Transmembrane helix. FT CHAIN 1..358 FT /note="Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 2" FT /id="PRO_0000185398" FT TOPO_DOM 1..71 FT /note="Cytoplasmic" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13516" FT TRANSMEM 72..92 FT /note="Helical" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O00767" FT TOPO_DOM 93..96 FT /note="Lumenal" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13516" FT TRANSMEM 97..117 FT /note="Helical" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O00767" FT TOPO_DOM 118..216 FT /note="Cytoplasmic" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13516" FT TRANSMEM 217..236 FT /note="Helical" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O00767" FT TOPO_DOM 237..240 FT /note="Lumenal" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13516" FT TRANSMEM 241..262 FT /note="Helical" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O00767" FT TOPO_DOM 263..358 FT /note="Cytoplasmic" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13516" FT REGION 16..39 FT /note="Disordered" FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite" FT MOTIF 119..124 FT /note="Histidine box-1" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT MOTIF 156..160 FT /note="Histidine box-2" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT MOTIF 297..301 FT /note="Histidine box-3" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT COMPBIAS 16..32 FT /note="Polar residues" FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite" FT BINDING 74 FT /ligand="substrate" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O00767" FT BINDING 119 FT /ligand="Fe cation" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875" FT /ligand_label="1" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13516" FT BINDING 124 FT /ligand="Fe cation" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875" FT /ligand_label="1" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13516" FT BINDING 147 FT /ligand="substrate" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O00767" FT BINDING 154 FT /ligand="substrate" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O00767" FT BINDING 155 FT /ligand="substrate" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O00767" FT BINDING 156 FT /ligand="Fe cation" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875" FT /ligand_label="1" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13516" FT BINDING 159 FT /ligand="Fe cation" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875" FT /ligand_label="2" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13516" FT BINDING 160 FT /ligand="Fe cation" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875" FT /ligand_label="1" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13516" FT BINDING 187 FT /ligand="substrate" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O00767" FT BINDING 188 FT /ligand="substrate" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O00767" FT BINDING 261 FT /ligand="substrate" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O00767" FT BINDING 268 FT /ligand="Fe cation" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875" FT /ligand_label="2" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13516" FT BINDING 297 FT /ligand="Fe cation" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875" FT /ligand_label="2" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13516" FT BINDING 300 FT /ligand="Fe cation" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875" FT /ligand_label="1" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13516" FT BINDING 301 FT /ligand="Fe cation" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875" FT /ligand_label="2" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P13516" FT CONFLICT 220 FT /note="G -> D (in Ref. 1; AAA40094)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT CONFLICT 295 FT /note="G -> R (in Ref. 1; AAA40094)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" SQ SEQUENCE 358 AA; 40916 MW; 3E04893F12E92A9A CRC64; MPAHILQEIS GAYSATTTIT APPSGGQQNG GEKFEKSSHH WGADVRPELK DDLYDPTYQD DEGPPPKLEY VWRNIILMAL LHLGALYGIT LVPSCKLYTC LFAYLYYVIS ALGITAGAHR LWSHRTYKAR LPLRLFLIIA NTMAFQNDVY EWARDHRAHH KFSETHADPH NSRRGFFFSH VGWLLVRKHP AVKEKGGKLD MSDLKAEKLV MFQRRYYKPG LLLMCFVLPT LVPWYCWGET FVNSLCVSTF LRYAVVLNAT WLVNSAAHLY GYRPYDKNIS SRENILVSMG AVGEGFHNYH HAFPYDYSAS EYRWHINFTT FFIDCMALLG LAYDRKRVSR AAVLARIKRT GDGSCKSG //