P12036 (NFH_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 1, 2013.
Version 136.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Neurofilament heavy polypeptide Short name=NF-H Alternative name(s): 200 kDa neurofilament protein Neurofilament triplet H protein | ||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 1026 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Neurofilaments usually contain three intermediate filament proteins: L, M, and H which are involved in the maintenance of neuronal caliber. NF-H has an important function in mature axons that is not subserved by the two smaller NF proteins. |
| Post-translational modification | There are a number of repeats of the tripeptide K-S-P, NFH is phosphorylated on a number of the serines in this motif. It is thought that phosphorylation of NFH results in the formation of interfilament cross bridges that are important in the maintenance of axonal caliber. Ref.7 Phosphorylation seems to play a major role in the functioning of the larger neurofilament polypeptides (NF-M and NF-H), the levels of phosphorylation being altered developmentally and coincidentally with a change in the neurofilament function. Phosphorylated in the head and rod regions by the PKC kinase PKN1, leading to the inhibition of polymerization. Ref.7 |
| Polymorphism | The number of repeats is shown to vary between 29 and 30. |
| Involvement in disease | Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) [MIM:105400]: A neurodegenerative disorder affecting upper motor neurons in the brain and lower motor neurons in the brain stem and spinal cord, resulting in fatal paralysis. Sensory abnormalities are absent. The pathologic hallmarks of the disease include pallor of the corticospinal tract due to loss of motor neurons, presence of ubiquitin-positive inclusions within surviving motor neurons, and deposition of pathologic aggregates. The etiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is likely to be multifactorial, involving both genetic and environmental factors. The disease is inherited in 5-10% of the cases. |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the intermediate filament family. |
| Sequence caution | The sequence BAA74868.2 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. The sequence BAG63896.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. |
Ontologies
| Keywords | |
|---|---|
| Cellular component | Intermediate filament |
| Coding sequence diversity | Alternative splicing Polymorphism |
| Disease | Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Disease mutation Neurodegeneration |
| Domain | Coiled coil Repeat |
| PTM | Phosphoprotein |
| Technical term | Complete proteome Reference proteome |
| Gene Ontology (GO) | |
| Biological_process | cell death Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW intermediate filament bundle assemblyInferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara microtubule cytoskeleton organizationInferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara nervous system developmentNon-traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB neurofilament cytoskeleton organizationInferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara |
| Cellular_component | mitochondrion Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara neurofilamentNon-traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: UniProtKB |
| Complete GO annotation... | |
Alternative products
| This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: P12036-1) This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: P12036-2) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 750-812: Missing. | ||||||
| Note: No experimental confirmation available. |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 1026 | 1026 | Neurofilament heavy polypeptide | PRO_0000063800 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Repeat | 525 – 530 | 6 | 1 | ||||||
| Repeat | 531 – 536 | 6 | 2 | ||||||
| Repeat | 539 – 544 | 6 | 3 | ||||||
| Repeat | 545 – 550 | 6 | 4 | ||||||
| Repeat | 559 – 564 | 6 | 5 | ||||||
| Repeat | 573 – 578 | 6 | 6 | ||||||
| Repeat | 579 – 584 | 6 | 7 | ||||||
| Repeat | 593 – 598 | 6 | 8 | ||||||
| Repeat | 599 – 604 | 6 | 9 | ||||||
| Repeat | 613 – 618 | 6 | 10 | ||||||
| Repeat | 627 – 632 | 6 | 11 | ||||||
| Repeat | 633 – 638 | 6 | 12 | ||||||
| Repeat | 647 – 652 | 6 | 13 | ||||||
| Repeat | 653 – 658 | 6 | 14 | ||||||
| Repeat | 667 – 672 | 6 | 15 | ||||||
| Repeat | 673 – 678 | 6 | 16 | ||||||
| Repeat | 681 – 686 | 6 | 17 | ||||||
| Repeat | 687 – 692 | 6 | 18 | ||||||
| Repeat | 695 – 700 | 6 | 19 | ||||||
| Repeat | 701 – 706 | 6 | 20 | ||||||
| Repeat | 709 – 714 | 6 | 21 | ||||||
| Repeat | 715 – 720 | 6 | 22 | ||||||
| Repeat | 723 – 728 | 6 | 23 | ||||||
| Repeat | 729 – 734 | 6 | 24 | ||||||
| Repeat | 743 – 748 | 6 | 25 | ||||||
| Repeat | 751 – 756 | 6 | 26 | ||||||
| Repeat | 768 – 773 | 6 | 27 | ||||||
| Repeat | 792 – 797 | 6 | 28 | ||||||
| Repeat | 800 – 805 | 6 | 29 | ||||||
| Repeat | 827 – 832 | 6 | 30 | ||||||
| Region | 1 – 100 | 100 | Head | ||||||
| Region | 101 – 413 | 313 | Rod | ||||||
| Region | 101 – 132 | 32 | Coil 1A | ||||||
| Region | 133 – 145 | 13 | Linker 1 | ||||||
| Region | 146 – 244 | 99 | Coil 1B | ||||||
| Region | 245 – 266 | 22 | Linker 12 | ||||||
| Region | 267 – 288 | 22 | Coil 2A | ||||||
| Region | 289 – 292 | 4 | Linker 2 | ||||||
| Region | 293 – 413 | 121 | Coil 2B | ||||||
| Region | 414 – 1026 | 613 | Tail | ||||||
| Region | 525 – 832 | 308 | 30 X 6 AA repeats of K-S-P-[AEPV]-[EAK]-[AEVK] | ||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Modified residue | 61 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 503 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 526 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 532 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 540 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 546 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 552 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 560 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 566 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 574 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 600 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 606 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 614 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 620 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 628 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 634 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 640 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 648 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 654 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 660 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 668 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 674 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 682 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 688 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 696 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 702 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 710 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 724 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 769 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 774 | 1 | Phosphothreonine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 801 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 828 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 750 – 812 | 63 | Missing in isoform 2. | VSP_036706 | |||||
| Natural variant | 575 | 1 | P → S. Corresponds to variant rs6006164 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_054787 | |||||
| Natural variant | 615 | 1 | P → L. Corresponds to variant rs5763269 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_056025 | |||||
| Natural variant | 796 | 1 | Missing in ALS. Ref.8 | VAR_023063 | |||||
| Natural variant | 811 | 1 | E → A. Ref.1 Corresponds to variant rs165602 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_026163 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 647 – 652 | 6 | Missing in CAA33366. Ref.1 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 647 – 652 | 6 | Missing in AC000035. Ref.5 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "The structure and organization of the human heavy neurofilament subunit (NF-H) and the gene encoding it." Lees J.F., Shneidman P.S., Skuntz S.F., Carden M.J., Lazzarini R.A. EMBO J. 7:1947-1955(1988) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], VARIANT ALA-811. |
| [2] | "Molecular Cloning of human hSTE cDNA." Zhu Y., Han Y. Beijing Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 31:531-531(1999) Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). |
| [3] | "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XII. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro." Nagase T., Ishikawa K., Suyama M., Kikuno R., Hirosawa M., Miyajima N., Tanaka A., Kotani H., Nomura N., Ohara O. DNA Res. 5:355-364(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Brain. |
| [4] | "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. Sugano S.Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Testis. |
| [5] | "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22." Dunham I., Hunt A.R., Collins J.E., Bruskiewich R., Beare D.M., Clamp M., Smink L.J., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Babbage A.K., Bagguley C., Bailey J., Barlow K.F., Bates K.N., Beasley O.P., Bird C.P., Blakey S.E., Bridgeman A.M. Wright H.Nature 402:489-495(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [6] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 606-1026 (ISOFORM 2). Tissue: Eye. |
| [7] | "PKN associates and phosphorylates the head-rod domain of neurofilament protein." Mukai H., Toshimori M., Shibata H., Kitagawa M., Shimakawa M., Miyahara M., Sunakawa H., Ono Y. J. Biol. Chem. 271:9816-9822(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION BY PKN1. |
| [8] | "Variants of the heavy neurofilament subunit are associated with the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis." Figlewicz D.A., Krizus A., Martinoli M.G., Meininger V., Dib M., Rouleau G.A., Julien J.-P. Hum. Mol. Genet. 3:1757-1761(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT ALS LYS-796 DEL. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Web resources
| Human Intermediate Filament Mutation Database |
| Alsod ALS genetic mutations db |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | X15306 X15309 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA33366.1.AF203032 mRNA. Translation: AAF13722.1. AB020652 mRNA. Translation: BAA74868.2. Different initiation. AK302660 mRNA. Translation: BAG63896.1. Different initiation. AC000035 Genomic DNA. No translation available. BC008648 mRNA. Translation: AAH08648.1. BC073969 mRNA. Translation: AAH73969.1. |
| IPI | IPI00386758. IPI00910602. |
| PIR | QFHUH. S00979. |
| RefSeq | NP_066554.2. NM_021076.3. |
| UniGene | Hs.198760. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | P12036. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| IntAct | P12036. 13 interactions. |
| STRING | 9606.ENSP00000311997. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | P12036. |
Polymorphism databases | |
| DMDM | 226726294. |
2D gel databases | |
| UCD-2DPAGE | P12036. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PaxDb | P12036. |
| PRIDE | P12036. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000310624; ENSP00000311997; ENSG00000100285. |
| GeneID | 4744. |
| KEGG | hsa:4744. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 4744. |
| GeneCards | GC22P029876. |
| H-InvDB | HIX0016351. |
| HGNC | HGNC:7737. NEFH. |
| HPA | CAB007786. |
| MIM | 105400. phenotype. 162230. gene. |
| neXtProt | NX_P12036. |
| Orphanet | 803. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. |
| PharmGKB | PA31540. |
| HUGE | Search... |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | NOG12793. |
| HOGENOM | HOG000230977. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG013015. |
| InParanoid | P12036. |
| KO | K04574. |
| OrthoDB | EOG4NS3BW. |
Gene expression databases | |
| Bgee | P12036. |
| CleanEx | HS_NEFH. |
| Genevestigator | P12036. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000100285. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR010790. DUF1388. IPR016044. F. IPR018039. Intermediate_filament_CS. [Graphical view] |
| Pfam | PF07142. DUF1388. 3 hits. PF00038. Filament. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| PROSITE | PS00226. IF. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| GenomeRNAi | 4744. |
| NextBio | 18288. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | NFH_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: P12036 Secondary accession number(s): B4DYY4 Q9UQ14 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
| ||||||||
| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 22 Human chromosome 22: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
