ID PERE_HUMAN Reviewed; 715 AA. AC P11678; Q4TVP3; DT 01-OCT-1989, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 01-FEB-1996, sequence version 2. DT 24-JAN-2024, entry version 213. DE RecName: Full=Eosinophil peroxidase; DE Short=EPO; DE EC=1.11.1.7; DE Contains: DE RecName: Full=Eosinophil peroxidase light chain; DE Contains: DE RecName: Full=Eosinophil peroxidase heavy chain; DE Flags: Precursor; GN Name=EPX; Synonyms=EPER, EPO, EPP; OS Homo sapiens (Human). OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; OC Homo. OX NCBI_TaxID=9606; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. RC TISSUE=Placenta; RX PubMed=2550461; DOI=10.1016/s0021-9258(19)84781-6; RA Sakamaki K., Tomonaga M., Tsukui K., Nagata S.; RT "Molecular cloning and characterization of a chromosomal gene for human RT eosinophil peroxidase."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 264:16828-16836(1989). RN [2] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], AND VARIANTS MET-40; HIS-122; GLU-249; RP ARG-276; LEU-292; PRO-326; LEU-358; HIS-364; THR-441; GLN-496 AND TYR-572. RG NIEHS SNPs program; RL Submitted (MAY-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [3] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 13-715, AND PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 140-187 AND RP 251-288. RC TISSUE=Blood; RX PubMed=2541222; DOI=10.1084/jem.169.5.1757; RA Ten R.M., Pease L.R., McKean D.J., Bell M.P., Gleich G.J.; RT "Molecular cloning of the human eosinophil peroxidase. Evidence for the RT existence of a peroxidase multigene family."; RL J. Exp. Med. 169:1757-1769(1989). RN [4] RP COVALENT HEME ATTACHMENT, AND PARTIAL PROTEIN SEQUENCE. RC TISSUE=Blood; RX PubMed=10358043; DOI=10.1074/jbc.274.24.16953; RA Oxvig C., Thomsen A.R., Overgaard M.T., Sorensen E.S., Hoejrup P., RA Bjerrum M.J., Gleich G.J., Sottrup-Jensen L.; RT "Biochemical evidence for heme linkage through esters with Asp-93 and Glu- RT 241 in human eosinophil peroxidase. The ester with Asp-93 is only partially RT formed in vivo."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 274:16953-16958(1999). RN [5] RP FUNCTION. RX PubMed=12540536; DOI=10.1128/iai.71.2.605-613.2003; RA Borelli V., Vita F., Shankar S., Soranzo M.R., Banfi E., Scialino G., RA Brochetta C., Zabucchi G.; RT "Human eosinophil peroxidase induces surface alteration, killing, and lysis RT of Mycobacterium tuberculosis."; RL Infect. Immun. 71:605-613(2003). RN [6] RP FUNCTION, AND NITRATION AT TYR-488. RX PubMed=18694936; DOI=10.1074/jbc.m801196200; RA Ulrich M., Petre A., Youhnovski N., Proemm F., Schirle M., Schumm M., RA Pero R.S., Doyle A., Checkel J., Kita H., Thiyagarajan N., Acharya K.R., RA Schmid-Grendelmeier P., Simon H.-U., Schwarz H., Tsutsui M., Shimokawa H., RA Bellon G., Lee J.J., Przybylski M., Doering G.; RT "Post-translational tyrosine nitration of eosinophil granule toxins RT mediated by eosinophil peroxidase."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 283:28629-28640(2008). RN [7] RP VARIANT EPXD HIS-286. RX PubMed=7809065; DOI=10.1073/pnas.91.26.12496; RA Romano M., Patriarca P., Melo C., Baralle F.E., Dri P.; RT "Hereditary eosinophil peroxidase deficiency: immunochemical and RT spectroscopic studies and evidence for a compound heterozygosity of the RT defect."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91:12496-12500(1994). RN [8] RP VARIANTS HIS-326; LEU-326 AND LEU-358. RX PubMed=14657871; DOI=10.1016/j.jaci.2003.08.051; RA Nakamura H., Miyagawa K., Ogino K., Endo T., Imai T., Ozasa K., RA Motohashi Y., Matsuzaki I., Sasahara S., Hatta K., Eboshida A.; RT "High contribution contrast between the genes of eosinophil peroxidase and RT IL-4 receptor alpha-chain in Japanese cedar pollinosis."; RL J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 112:1127-1131(2003). CC -!- FUNCTION: Mediates tyrosine nitration of secondary granule proteins in CC mature resting eosinophils. Shows significant inhibitory activity CC towards Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv by inducing bacterial CC fragmentation and lysis. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12540536, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:18694936}. CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: CC Reaction=2 a phenolic donor + H2O2 = 2 a phenolic radical donor + 2 CC H2O; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:56136, ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:16240, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:139520, ChEBI:CHEBI:139521; EC=1.11.1.7; CC -!- COFACTOR: CC Name=Ca(2+); Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:29108; Evidence={ECO:0000255|PROSITE- CC ProRule:PRU00298}; CC Note=Binds 1 Ca(2+) ion per heterodimer. {ECO:0000255|PROSITE- CC ProRule:PRU00298}; CC -!- COFACTOR: CC Name=heme b; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:60344; CC Note=Binds 1 heme b (iron(II)-protoporphyrin IX) covalently through CC ester linkages to hydroxylated methyl groups formed auto-catalytically CC with hydrogen peroxide at the heme C-1 and C-5 positions. The ester CC linkage to Asp-232 was observed in 30% of the chains.; CC -!- SUBUNIT: Tetramer of two light chains and two heavy chains. CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasmic granule. Note=Cytoplasmic granules of CC eosinophils. CC -!- DISEASE: Eosinophil peroxidase deficiency (EPXD) [MIM:261500]: A rare CC abnormality without clinical symptoms characterized by decreased or CC absent peroxidase activity and decreased volume of the granule matrix CC in eosinophils. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:7809065}. Note=The disease is CC caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the peroxidase family. XPO subfamily. CC {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00298}. CC -!- WEB RESOURCE: Name=NIEHS-SNPs; CC URL="http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/epx/"; CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; M29913; AAA58458.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; M29904; AAA58458.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; M29905; AAA58458.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; M29906; AAA58458.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; M29907; AAA58458.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; M29908; AAA58458.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; M29909; AAA58458.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; M29910; AAA58458.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; M29911; AAA58458.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; M29912; AAA58458.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; DQ054598; AAY43126.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; X14346; CAA32530.1; -; mRNA. DR CCDS; CCDS11602.1; -. DR PIR; A34408; A34408. DR RefSeq; NP_000493.1; NM_000502.5. DR AlphaFoldDB; P11678; -. DR SMR; P11678; -. DR BioGRID; 113893; 14. DR IntAct; P11678; 4. DR STRING; 9606.ENSP00000225371; -. DR BindingDB; P11678; -. DR ChEMBL; CHEMBL2438; -. DR DrugBank; DB01065; Melatonin. DR PeroxiBase; 3317; HsEPO. DR GlyConnect; 1208; 4 N-Linked glycans (1 site). DR GlyCosmos; P11678; 6 sites, 4 glycans. DR GlyGen; P11678; 6 sites, 4 N-linked glycans (1 site). DR iPTMnet; P11678; -. DR PhosphoSitePlus; P11678; -. DR BioMuta; EPX; -. DR DMDM; 1352738; -. DR EPD; P11678; -. DR jPOST; P11678; -. DR MassIVE; P11678; -. DR PaxDb; 9606-ENSP00000225371; -. DR PeptideAtlas; P11678; -. DR ProteomicsDB; 52797; -. DR Pumba; P11678; -. DR TopDownProteomics; P11678; -. DR Antibodypedia; 30927; 412 antibodies from 28 providers. DR DNASU; 8288; -. DR Ensembl; ENST00000225371.6; ENSP00000225371.5; ENSG00000121053.6. DR GeneID; 8288; -. DR KEGG; hsa:8288; -. DR MANE-Select; ENST00000225371.6; ENSP00000225371.5; NM_000502.6; NP_000493.1. DR UCSC; uc002ivq.4; human. DR AGR; HGNC:3423; -. DR CTD; 8288; -. DR DisGeNET; 8288; -. DR GeneCards; EPX; -. DR HGNC; HGNC:3423; EPX. DR HPA; ENSG00000121053; Tissue enriched (bone). DR MalaCards; EPX; -. DR MIM; 131399; gene. DR MIM; 261500; phenotype. DR neXtProt; NX_P11678; -. DR OpenTargets; ENSG00000121053; -. DR PharmGKB; PA27841; -. DR VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSG00000121053; -. DR eggNOG; KOG2408; Eukaryota. DR GeneTree; ENSGT00940000156009; -. DR HOGENOM; CLU_006087_1_1_1; -. DR InParanoid; P11678; -. DR OMA; PRWNGDK; -. DR OrthoDB; 4560at2759; -. DR PhylomeDB; P11678; -. DR TreeFam; TF314316; -. DR PathwayCommons; P11678; -. DR Reactome; R-HSA-6798695; Neutrophil degranulation. DR SignaLink; P11678; -. DR SIGNOR; P11678; -. DR BioGRID-ORCS; 8288; 30 hits in 1153 CRISPR screens. DR ChiTaRS; EPX; human. DR GeneWiki; Eosinophil_peroxidase; -. DR GenomeRNAi; 8288; -. DR Pharos; P11678; Tchem. DR PRO; PR:P11678; -. DR Proteomes; UP000005640; Chromosome 17. DR RNAct; P11678; Protein. DR Bgee; ENSG00000121053; Expressed in male germ line stem cell (sensu Vertebrata) in testis and 78 other cell types or tissues. DR GO; GO:0070062; C:extracellular exosome; HDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0005576; C:extracellular region; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; IBA:GO_Central. DR GO; GO:0034774; C:secretory granule lumen; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0020037; F:heme binding; IEA:InterPro. DR GO; GO:0140825; F:lactoperoxidase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-EC. DR GO; GO:0046872; F:metal ion binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0004601; F:peroxidase activity; IBA:GO_Central. DR GO; GO:0042742; P:defense response to bacterium; IBA:GO_Central. DR GO; GO:0002215; P:defense response to nematode; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0072677; P:eosinophil migration; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0042744; P:hydrogen peroxide catabolic process; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0032693; P:negative regulation of interleukin-10 production; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0032714; P:negative regulation of interleukin-5 production; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0010936; P:negative regulation of macrophage cytokine production; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0032753; P:positive regulation of interleukin-4 production; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0006979; P:response to oxidative stress; IEA:InterPro. DR CDD; cd09824; myeloperoxidase_like; 1. DR Gene3D; 1.10.640.10; Haem peroxidase domain superfamily, animal type; 1. DR InterPro; IPR019791; Haem_peroxidase_animal. DR InterPro; IPR010255; Haem_peroxidase_sf. DR InterPro; IPR037120; Haem_peroxidase_sf_animal. DR PANTHER; PTHR11475:SF63; EOSINOPHIL PEROXIDASE; 1. DR PANTHER; PTHR11475; OXIDASE/PEROXIDASE; 1. DR Pfam; PF03098; An_peroxidase; 1. DR PRINTS; PR00457; ANPEROXIDASE. DR SUPFAM; SSF48113; Heme-dependent peroxidases; 1. DR PROSITE; PS00435; PEROXIDASE_1; 1. DR PROSITE; PS50292; PEROXIDASE_3; 1. DR Genevisible; P11678; HS. PE 1: Evidence at protein level; KW Calcium; Direct protein sequencing; Disease variant; Disulfide bond; KW Glycoprotein; Heme; Hydrogen peroxide; Iron; Metal-binding; Nitration; KW Oxidoreductase; Peroxidase; Reference proteome; Signal. FT SIGNAL 1..17 FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT PROPEP 18..139 FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:2541222" FT /id="PRO_0000023639" FT CHAIN 140..250 FT /note="Eosinophil peroxidase light chain" FT /id="PRO_0000023640" FT CHAIN 251..715 FT /note="Eosinophil peroxidase heavy chain" FT /id="PRO_0000023641" FT ACT_SITE 233 FT /note="Proton acceptor" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00298" FT BINDING 232 FT /ligand="heme b" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:60344" FT /note="covalent; partial" FT BINDING 234 FT /ligand="Ca(2+)" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29108" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00298" FT BINDING 306 FT /ligand="Ca(2+)" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29108" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00298" FT BINDING 308 FT /ligand="Ca(2+)" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29108" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00298" FT BINDING 310 FT /ligand="Ca(2+)" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29108" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00298" FT BINDING 312 FT /ligand="Ca(2+)" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29108" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00298" FT BINDING 380 FT /ligand="heme b" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:60344" FT /note="covalent" FT BINDING 474 FT /ligand="heme b" FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:60344" FT /ligand_part="Fe" FT /ligand_part_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:18248" FT /note="axial binding residue" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00298" FT SITE 377 FT /note="Transition state stabilizer" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00298" FT MOD_RES 488 FT /note="3'-nitrotyrosine" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:18694936" FT CARBOHYD 52 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CARBOHYD 113 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CARBOHYD 327 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CARBOHYD 363 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CARBOHYD 700 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CARBOHYD 708 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT DISULFID 141..152 FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00298" FT DISULFID 253..263 FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00298" FT DISULFID 257..281 FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00298" FT DISULFID 359..370 FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00298" FT DISULFID 578..635 FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00298" FT DISULFID 676..701 FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00298" FT VARIANT 35 FT /note="V -> I (in dbSNP:rs34553736)" FT /id="VAR_050485" FT VARIANT 40 FT /note="I -> M (in dbSNP:rs11079339)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|Ref.2" FT /id="VAR_025138" FT VARIANT 122 FT /note="Q -> H (in dbSNP:rs11652709)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|Ref.2" FT /id="VAR_025139" FT VARIANT 249 FT /note="A -> E (in dbSNP:rs35896669)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|Ref.2" FT /id="VAR_025140" FT VARIANT 276 FT /note="K -> R (in dbSNP:rs35074452)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|Ref.2" FT /id="VAR_025141" FT VARIANT 286 FT /note="R -> H (in EPXD; dbSNP:rs121434566)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:7809065" FT /id="VAR_015376" FT VARIANT 292 FT /note="P -> L (in dbSNP:rs33971258)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|Ref.2" FT /id="VAR_025142" FT VARIANT 326 FT /note="R -> H (in dbSNP:rs35832094)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:14657871" FT /id="VAR_060197" FT VARIANT 326 FT /note="R -> L" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:14657871" FT /id="VAR_060198" FT VARIANT 326 FT /note="R -> P (in dbSNP:rs35832094)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|Ref.2" FT /id="VAR_025143" FT VARIANT 358 FT /note="P -> L (probable risk factor for Japanese cedar FT pollinosis; dbSNP:rs35135976)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:14657871, ECO:0000269|Ref.2" FT /id="VAR_025144" FT VARIANT 364 FT /note="R -> H (in dbSNP:rs35232062)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|Ref.2" FT /id="VAR_025145" FT VARIANT 441 FT /note="K -> T (in dbSNP:rs35750729)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|Ref.2" FT /id="VAR_025146" FT VARIANT 458 FT /note="V -> M (in dbSNP:rs34817773)" FT /id="VAR_050486" FT VARIANT 496 FT /note="H -> Q (in dbSNP:rs33955150)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|Ref.2" FT /id="VAR_025147" FT VARIANT 572 FT /note="N -> Y (in dbSNP:rs2302311)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|Ref.2" FT /id="VAR_020031" FT CONFLICT 13..18 FT /note="TLVLAQ -> EFRGQD (in Ref. 3; AA sequence)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT CONFLICT 21 FT /note="E -> Q (in Ref. 3; AA sequence)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT CONFLICT 113 FT /note="N -> I (in Ref. 3; CAA32530)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT CONFLICT 163 FT /note="S -> C (in Ref. 3; AA sequence)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT CONFLICT 645..660 FT /note="RDGDRFWWQKRGVFTK -> ETETGSGGRTRCFHQ (in Ref. 3; AA FT sequence)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" SQ SEQUENCE 715 AA; 81040 MW; CEB4E689A6C46374 CRC64; MHLLPALAGV LATLVLAQPC EGTDPASPGA VETSVLRDCI AEAKLLVDAA YNWTQKSIKQ RLRSGSASPM DLLSYFKQPV AATRTVVRAA DYMHVALGLL EEKLQPQRSG PFNVTDVLTE PQLRLLSQAS GCALRDQAER CSDKYRTITG RCNNKRRPLL GASNQALARW LPAEYEDGLS LPFGWTPSRR RNGFLLPLVR AVSNQIVRFP NERLTSDRGR ALMFMQWGQF IDHDLDFSPE SPARVAFTAG VDCERTCAQL PPCFPIKIPP NDPRIKNQRD CIPFFRSAPS CPQNKNRVRN QINALTSFVD ASMVYGSEVS LSLRLRNRTN YLGLLAINQR FQDNGRALLP FDNLHDDPCL LTNRSARIPC FLAGDTRSTE TPKLAAMHTL FMREHNRLAT ELRRLNPRWN GDKLYNEARK IMGAMVQIIT YRDFLPLVLG KARARRTLGH YRGYCSNVDP RVANVFTLAF RFGHTMLQPF MFRLDSQYRA SAPNSHVPLS SAFFASWRIV YEGGIDPILR GLMATPAKLN RQDAMLVDEL RDRLFRQVRR IGLDLAALNM QRSRDHGLPG YNAWRRFCGL SQPRNLAQLS RVLKNQDLAR KFLNLYGTPD NIDIWIGAIA EPLLPGARVG PLLACLFENQ FRRARDGDRF WWQKRGVFTK RQRKALSRIS LSRIICDNTG ITTVSRDIFR ANIYPRGFVN CSRIPRLNLS AWRGT //