P10916 (MLRV_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Myosin regulatory light chain 2, ventricular/cardiac muscle isoform
Short name=MLC-2
Short name=MLC-2v

Gene names

Name:

MYL2

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	166 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Subunit structure	Myosin is a hexamer of 2 heavy chains and 4 light chains.
Subcellular location	Cytoplasm › myofibril › sarcomere › A band By similarity.
Post-translational modification	N-terminus is methylated by METTL11A/NTM1 By similarity. Phosphorylated by MYLK3 By similarity.
Involvement in disease	Cardiomyopathy, familial hypertrophic 10 (CMH10) [MIM:608758]: A hereditary heart disorder characterized by ventricular hypertrophy, which is usually asymmetric and often involves the interventricular septum. The symptoms include dyspnea, syncope, collapse, palpitations, and chest pain. They can be readily provoked by exercise. The disorder has inter- and intrafamilial variability ranging from benign to malignant forms with high risk of cardiac failure and sudden cardiac death. Rarely, patients present a variant of familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, characterized by mid-left ventricular chamber thickening. Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.9 Ref.10 Ref.12
Miscellaneous	This chain binds calcium.
Sequence similarities	Contains 3 EF-hand domains.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Cytoplasm
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Disease	Cardiomyopathy Disease mutation
Domain	Repeat
Ligand	Calcium Metal-binding
Molecular function	Motor protein Muscle protein Myosin
PTM	Methylation Phosphoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome Direct protein sequencing Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	cardiac muscle contraction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara cardiac myofibril assembly Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: BHF-UCL heart contraction Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: BHF-UCL muscle cell fate specification Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara muscle fiber development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara muscle filament sliding Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome negative regulation of cell growth Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 15824735. Source: BHF-UCL post-embryonic development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara regulation of striated muscle contraction Traceable author statement Ref.7. Source: ProtInc ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis Inferred from mutant phenotype Ref.7. Source: BHF-UCL
Cellular_component	cytosol Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome myosin complex Traceable author statement PubMed 11102452. Source: BHF-UCL sarcomere Traceable author statement PubMed 16754800. Source: BHF-UCL
Molecular_function	actin monomer binding Inferred from direct assay PubMed 9180271. Source: BHF-UCL calcium ion binding Inferred from direct assay PubMed 11102452. Source: MGI myosin heavy chain binding Non-traceable author statement Ref.4. Source: BHF-UCL structural constituent of muscle Non-traceable author statement PubMed 17885681. Source: BHF-UCL
Complete GO annotation...

Binary interactions

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
USP6	P35125-3	5	EBI-725770,EBI-954590

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Initiator methionine	1	1	Removed By similarity
	Chain	2 – 166	165	Myosin regulatory light chain 2, ventricular/cardiac muscle isoform		PRO_0000198727
Regions
	Domain	24 – 59	36	EF-hand 1
	Domain	94 – 129	36	EF-hand 2
	Domain	130 – 165	36	EF-hand 3
	Calcium binding	37 – 48	12
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	2	1	N,N,N-trimethylalanine By similarity
Natural variations
	Natural variant	13	1	A → T in CMH10; with mid-left ventricular chamber thickening. Ref.7		VAR_004601
	Natural variant	18	1	F → L in CMH10. Ref.8 Corresponds to variant rs28932774 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_004602
	Natural variant	22	1	E → K in CMH10; some patients present with mid-left ventricular chamber thickening. Ref.7 Ref.9		VAR_004603
	Natural variant	57	1	G → R. Corresponds to variant rs2428140 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_029449
	Natural variant	58	1	R → Q in CMH10. Ref.8 Ref.9 Ref.12 Corresponds to variant rs28933099 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_004604
	Natural variant	95	1	P → A in CMH10; with mid-left ventricular chamber thickening. Ref.7		VAR_004605
	Natural variant	166	1	D → V in CMH10. Ref.10		VAR_019844

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P10916 [UniParc]. Last modified January 23, 2007. Version 3. Checksum: EA0BEF886AA3FAF5	FASTA	166	18,789
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MAPKKAKKRA GGANSNVFSM FEQTQIQEFK EAFTIMDQNR DGFIDKNDLR DTFAALGRVN 70 80 90 100 110 120 VKNEEIDEMI KEAPGPINFT VFLTMFGEKL KGADPEETIL NAFKVFDPEG KGVLKADYVR 130 140 150 160 EMLTTQAERF SKEEVDQMFA AFPPDVTGNL DYKNLVHIIT HGEEKD

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Isolation and nucleotide sequence of the cDNA encoding human ventricular myosin light chain 2." Libera L.D., Hoffmann E., Floroff M., Jackowski G. Nucleic Acids Res. 17:2360-2360(1989) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Heart.
[2]	Wu Q.L. Submitted (MAR-1996) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Muscle.
[3]	Margossian S.S., Umeda P.K., Sciaky D., Anderson P.A.W. Submitted (AUG-1997) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[4]	"Interaction of a conserved peptide domain in recombinant human ventricular myosin light chain-2 with myosin heavy chain." Wadgaonkar R., Shafiq S., Rajmanickam C., Siddiqui M.A. Cell. Mol. Biol. Res. 39:13-26(1993) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[5]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Prostate and Skeletal muscle.
[6]	"The major protein expression profile and two-dimensional protein database of human heart." Kovalyov L.I., Shishkin S.S., Efimochkin A.S., Kovalyova M.A., Ershova E.S., Egorov T.A., Musalyamov A.K. Electrophoresis 16:1160-1169(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 138-144. Tissue: Heart.
[7]	"Mutations in either the essential or regulatory light chains of myosin are associated with a rare myopathy in human heart and skeletal muscle." Poetter K., Jiang H., Hassanzadeh S., Master S.R., Chang A., Dalakas M.C., Rayment I., Sellers J.R., Fananapazir L., Epstein N.D. Nat. Genet. 13:63-69(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS CMH10 THR-13; LYS-22 AND ALA-95.
[8]	"Identification of two novel mutations in the ventricular regulatory myosin light chain gene (MYL2) associated with familial and classical forms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy." Flavigny J., Richard P., Isnard R., Carrier L., Charron P., Bonne G., Forissier J.F., Desnos M., Dubourg O., Komajda M., Schwartz K., Hainque B. J. Mol. Med. 76:208-214(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS CMH10 LEU-18 AND GLN-58.
[9]	"Systematic analysis of the regulatory and essential myosin light chain genes: genetic variants and mutations in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy." Kabaeva Z.T., Perrot A., Wolter B., Dietz R., Cardim N., Correia J.M., Schulte H.D., Aldashev A.A., Mirrakhimov M.M., Osterziel K.J. Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 10:741-748(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS CMH10 LYS-22 AND GLN-58.
[10]	"Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: distribution of disease genes, spectrum of mutations, and implications for a molecular diagnosis strategy." Richard P., Charron P., Carrier L., Ledeuil C., Cheav T., Pichereau C., Benaiche A., Isnard R., Dubourg O., Burban M., Gueffet J.-P., Millaire A., Desnos M., Schwartz K., Hainque B., Komajda M. Circulation 107:2227-2232(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT CMH10 VAL-166.
[11]	Erratum Richard P., Charron P., Carrier L., Ledeuil C., Cheav T., Pichereau C., Benaiche A., Isnard R., Dubourg O., Burban M., Gueffet J.-P., Millaire A., Desnos M., Schwartz K., Hainque B., Komajda M. Circulation 109:3258-3258(2004)
[12]	"Identification of the genotypes causing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in northern Sweden." Moerner S., Richard P., Kazzam E., Hellman U., Hainque B., Schwartz K., Waldenstroem A. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 35:841-849(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT CMH10 GLN-58.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Web resources

GeneReviews

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	X14332 mRNA. Translation: CAA32510.1. M22815 mRNA. Translation: AAA91832.1. AF020768 mRNA. Translation: AAB91993.1. S69022 mRNA. Translation: AAB29658.2. BC015821 mRNA. Translation: AAH15821.1. BC031006 mRNA. Translation: AAH31006.1. BC031008 mRNA. Translation: AAH31008.1.
IPI	IPI00216798.
RefSeq	NP_000423.2. NM_000432.3.
UniGene	Hs.75535.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	P10916.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	P10916. 4 interactions.
MINT	MINT-1430124.
STRING	9606.ENSP00000228841.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	P10916.
Polymorphism databases
DMDM	6166556.
2D gel databases
UCD-2DPAGE	P10916.
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	P10916.
PRIDE	P10916.
Protocols and materials databases
DNASU	4633.
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000228841; ENSP00000228841; ENSG00000111245.
GeneID	4633.
KEGG	hsa:4633.
UCSC	uc001trx.4. human.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	4633.
GeneCards	GC12M111348.
HGNC	HGNC:7583. MYL2.
HPA	HPA019763. HPA039262.
MIM	160781. gene. 608758. phenotype.
neXtProt	NX_P10916.
Orphanet	155. Familial isolated hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
PharmGKB	PA31380.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	COG5126.
HOGENOM	HOG000233018.
HOVERGEN	HBG012180.
InParanoid	P10916.
KO	K10351.
OMA	MTQGERF.
OrthoDB	EOG4JT06P.
PhylomeDB	P10916.
Enzyme and pathway databases
Reactome	REACT_17044. Muscle contraction.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	P10916.
Bgee	P10916.
CleanEx	HS_MYL2.
Genevestigator	P10916.
GermOnline	ENSG00000111245. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
Gene3D	1.10.238.10. 2 hits.
InterPro	IPR011992. EF-hand-like_dom. IPR018247. EF_Hand_1_Ca_BS. IPR002048. EF_hand_dom. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF00036. efhand. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SMART	SM00054. EFh. 3 hits. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS00018. EF_HAND_1. 1 hit. PS50222. EF_HAND_2. 3 hits. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
ChiTaRS	MYL2. human.
GenomeRNAi	4633.
NextBio	17836.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

MLRV_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P10916
Secondary accession number(s): Q16123

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 1, 1989
Last sequence update:	January 23, 2007
Last modified:	May 1, 2013
This is version 140 of the entry and version 3 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.