P10715 (CYC2_RAT) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Cytochrome c, testis-specific

Gene names

Name:

Cyct

Organism

Rattus norvegicus (Rat) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

10116 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Glires › Rodentia › Sciurognathi › Muroidea › Muridae › Murinae › Rattus

Protein attributes

Sequence length	105 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Electron carrier protein. The oxidized form of the cytochrome c heme group can accept an electron from the heme group of the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase. Cytochrome c then transfers this electron to the cytochrome oxidase complex, the final protein carrier in the mitochondrial electron-transport chain. Plays a role in apoptosis. Suppression of the anti-apoptotic members or activation of the pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family leads to altered mitochondrial membrane permeability resulting in release of cytochrome c into the cytosol. Binding of cytochrome c to Apaf-1 triggers the activation of caspase-9, which then accelerates apoptosis by activating other caspases By similarity.
Subcellular location	Mitochondrion intermembrane space. Note: Loosely associated with the inner membrane.
Tissue specificity	This is one of two isocytochromes C found in the testis. The other is identical with the form found in other rat tissues. These cytochromes are assumed to be located in the sperm.
Post-translational modification	Binds 1 heme group per subunit. Phosphorylation at Tyr-49 and Tyr-98 both reduce by half the turnover in the reaction with cytochrome c oxidase, down-regulating mitochondrial respiration By similarity.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the cytochrome c family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Apoptosis Electron transport Respiratory chain Transport
Cellular component	Mitochondrion
Ligand	Heme Iron Metal-binding
PTM	Acetylation Phosphoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	apoptotic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW electron transport chain Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular_component	mitochondrial intermembrane space Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell respiratory chain Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Molecular_function	electron carrier activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro heme binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro iron ion binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Initiator methionine	1	1	Removed By similarity
	Chain	2 – 105	104	Cytochrome c, testis-specific		PRO_0000108232
Sites
	Metal binding	19	1	Iron (heme axial ligand)
	Metal binding	81	1	Iron (heme axial ligand)
	Binding site	15	1	Heme (covalent)
	Binding site	18	1	Heme (covalent)
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	2	1	N-acetylglycine By similarity
	Modified residue	49	1	Phosphotyrosine By similarity
	Modified residue	98	1	Phosphotyrosine By similarity

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P10715 [UniParc]. Last modified January 23, 2007. Version 2. Checksum: 840BF657FBDD9E8C	FASTA	105	11,743
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MGDAEAGKKI FIQKCAQCHT VEKGGKHKTG PNLWGLFGRK TGQAPGFSYT DANKNKGVIW 70 80 90 100 TEETLMEYLE NPKKYIPGTK MIFAGIKKKS EREDLIQYLK EATSS

References

[1]

"Structure and expression of rodent genes encoding the testis-specific cytochrome c. Differences in gene structure and evolution between somatic and testicular variants." Virbasius J.V., Scarpulla R.C. J. Biol. Chem. 263:6791-6796(1988) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA].

Web resources

Protein Spotlight

Life shuttle - Issue 76 of November 2006

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	M20623 mRNA. Translation: AAA41016.1. M20628, M20627 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA41015.1.
IPI	IPI00231865.
PIR	CCRTT. A28160.
RefSeq	NP_036972.1. NM_012840.2.
UniGene	Rn.88630.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	P10715.
SMR	P10715. Positions 2-105.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	10116.ENSRNOP00000008300.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	P10715.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	P10715.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSRNOT00000008371; ENSRNOP00000008371; ENSRNOG00000024457.
GeneID	25310.
KEGG	rno:25310.
UCSC	RGD:2452. rat.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	13067.
RGD	2452. Cyct.
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	NOG270709.
GeneTree	ENSGT00690000102141.
HOGENOM	HOG000009762.
HOVERGEN	HBG003023.
KO	K08738.
OMA	IFIQKCA.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	P10715.
Genevestigator	P10715.
GermOnline	ENSRNOG00000024457. Rattus norvegicus.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR002327. Cyt_c_1A/1B. IPR009056. Cyt_c_dom. IPR003088. Cyt_c_I. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR11961. PTHR11961. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00034. Cytochrom_C. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR00604. CYTCHRMECIAB.
SUPFAM	SSF46626. Cytochrome_c. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS51007. CYTC. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
NextBio	606119.

Entry information

Entry name

CYC2_RAT

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P10715

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 1, 1989
Last sequence update:	January 23, 2007
Last modified:	April 3, 2013
This is version 115 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program