P0DJI9 (SAA2_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Serum amyloid A-2 protein
Short name=SAA2

Gene names

Name:

SAA2

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	122 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Major acute phase reactant. Apolipoprotein of the HDL complex.
Subcellular location	Secreted.
Tissue specificity	Expressed by the liver; secreted in plasma.
Induction	Upon cytokine stimulation.
Post-translational modification	This protein is the precursor of amyloid protein A, which is formed by the removal of approximately 24 residues from the C-terminal end.
Polymorphism	At least 2 different SAA2 alleles have been described: SAA2.1 (SAA2alpha) and SAA2.2 (SAA2beta). We use here the revised nomenclature described in Ref.11. The sequence shown is that of SAA2.2.
Involvement in disease	Reactive, secondary amyloidosis is characterized by the extracellular accumulation in various tissues of the SAA2 protein. These deposits are highly insoluble and resistant to proteolysis; they disrupt tissue structure and compromise function. Ref.10
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the SAA family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Acute phase
Cellular component	Amyloid HDL Secreted
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing Polymorphism
Disease	Amyloidosis
Domain	Signal
Technical term	Complete proteome Direct protein sequencing Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	acute-phase response Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular_component	high-density lipoprotein particle Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Alternative products

This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform 1 (identifier: P0DJI9-1)

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform 2 (identifier: P0DJI9-2)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     78-122: NARENIQRLTGRGAEDSLADQAANKWGRSGRDPNHFRPAGLPEKY → LFSAEL

Note: No experimental confirmation available.

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 18	18	Potential
	Chain	19 – 122	104	Serum amyloid A-2 protein		PRO_0000418061
	Propeptide	95 – 122	28	Often cleaved during amyloidogenesis By similarity		PRO_0000418062
Natural variations
	Alternative sequence	78 – 122	45	NAREN…LPEKY → LFSAEL in isoform 2.		VSP_045626
	Natural variant	89	1	R → H in allele SAA2.1. Ref.5 Corresponds to variant rs2229338 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_006930
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	15	1	S → G in AAB59539. Ref.2

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform 1 [UniParc]. Last modified July 11, 2012. Version 1. Checksum: C4AAB684E0EDCBB8	FASTA	122	13,527
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MKLLTGLVFC SLVLSVSSRS FFSFLGEAFD GARDMWRAYS DMREANYIGS DKYFHARGNY 70 80 90 100 110 120 DAAKRGPGGA WAAEVISNAR ENIQRLTGRG AEDSLADQAA NKWGRSGRDP NHFRPAGLPE KY
	Isoform 2 [UniParc]. Checksum: F4E49AC5203E286F	FASTA	83	9,184
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MKLLTGLVFC SLVLSVSSRS FFSFLGEAFD GARDMWRAYS DMREANYIGS DKYFHARGNY 70 80 DAAKRGPGGA WAAEVISLFS AEL

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"DNA sequence evidence for polymorphic forms of human serum amyloid A (SAA)." Kluve-Beckerman B., Long G.L., Benson M.D. Biochem. Genet. 24:795-803(1986) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ALLELE SAA2.1).
[2]	"Structure of a human serum amyloid A gene and modulation of its expression in transfected L cells." Woo P., Sipe J., Dinarello C.A., Colten H.R. J. Biol. Chem. 262:15790-15795(1987) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] (ALLELE SAA2.2).
[3]	"Human serum amyloid A. Three hepatic mRNAs and the corresponding proteins in one person." Kluve-Beckerman B., Dwulet F.E., Benson M.D. J. Clin. Invest. 82:1670-1675(1988) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ALLELES SAA2.1 AND SAA2.2). Tissue: Liver.
[4]	"Heterogeneity of human serum amyloid A protein. Five different variants from one individual demonstrated by cDNA sequence analysis." Steinkasserer A., Weiss E.H., Schwaeble W., Linke R.P. Biochem. J. 268:187-193(1990) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ALLELE SAA2.1). Tissue: Liver.
[5]	"The human acute-phase serum amyloid A gene family: structure, evolution and expression in hepatoma cells." Betts J., Edbrooke M., Thakker R., Woo P. Scand. J. Immunol. 34:471-482(1991) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 32-122, VARIANT HIS-89. Tissue: Liver.
[6]	"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. , Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2). Tissue: Thalamus.
[7]	"Human chromosome 11 DNA sequence and analysis including novel gene identification." Taylor T.D., Noguchi H., Totoki Y., Toyoda A., Kuroki Y., Dewar K., Lloyd C., Itoh T., Takeda T., Kim D.-W., She X., Barlow K.F., Bloom T., Bruford E., Chang J.L., Cuomo C.A., Eichler E., FitzGerald M.G. , Jaffe D.B., LaButti K., Nicol R., Park H.-S., Seaman C., Sougnez C., Yang X., Zimmer A.R., Zody M.C., Birren B.W., Nusbaum C., Fujiyama A., Hattori M., Rogers J., Lander E.S., Sakaki Y. Nature 440:497-500(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA] (ALLELE SAA2.2).
[8]	Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. , Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H., Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K., Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D., Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C. Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[9]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ALLELE SAA2.1). Tissue: Liver.
[10]	"Identification of two novel amyloid A protein subsets coexisting in an individual patient of AA-amyloidosis." Baba S., Takahashi T., Kasama T., Shirasawa H. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1180:195-200(1992) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: DISEASE, PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 19-94, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Thyroid.
[11]	"Revised nomenclature for serum amyloid A (SAA). Nomenclature Committee of the International Society of Amyloidosis. Part 2." Sipe J. Amyloid 6:67-70(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: POLYMORPHISM, NOMENCLATURE OF ALLELES.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	M26152 mRNA. Translation: AAA85338.1. J03474 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB59539.1. M23699 mRNA. Translation: AAA64800.1. M23700 mRNA. Translation: AAA64801.1. X51440 mRNA. Translation: CAA35805.1. X51444 mRNA. Translation: CAA35809.1. X51445 mRNA. Translation: CAA35810.1. X56653 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA39975.1. AK307163 mRNA. No translation available. AC090099 Genomic DNA. No translation available. CH471064 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW68414.1. BC020795 mRNA. Translation: AAH20795.1.
RefSeq	NP_001120852.1. NM_001127380.2. NP_110381.2. NM_030754.4.
UniGene	Hs.731376. Hs.734161.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	P0DJI9.
ModBase	Search...
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	P0DJI9.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000256733; ENSP00000256733; ENSG00000134339. ENST00000414546; ENSP00000416716; ENSG00000134339. ENST00000526900; ENSP00000436126; ENSG00000134339. ENST00000529528; ENSP00000437162; ENSG00000134339.
GeneID	6289.
KEGG	hsa:6289.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	6289.
GeneCards	GC11M018260.
HGNC	HGNC:10514. SAA2.
MIM	104751. gene.
neXtProt	NX_P0DJI9.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
OMA	KWGRSGR.
PhylomeDB	P0DJI9.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	P0DJI9.
Bgee	P0DJI9.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR000096. Serum_amyloid_A. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR23424. PTHR23424. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00277. SAA. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PIRSF	PIRSF002472. Serum_amyloid_A. 1 hit.
PRINTS	PR00306. SERUMAMYLOID.
SMART	SM00197. SAA. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS00992. SAA. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
GenomeRNAi	6289.
NextBio	24421.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

SAA2_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P0DJI9
Secondary accession number(s): G3XAK9 , P02735, P02736, P02737, Q16730, Q16834, Q16835, Q16879, Q3KRB3, Q6FG67, Q96QN0, Q9UCK9, Q9UCL0

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 11, 2012
Last sequence update:	July 11, 2012
Last modified:	April 3, 2013
This is version 8 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.