P0CAP2 (GRL1A_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit GRINL1A

Alternative name(s):
DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit M
Glutamate receptor-like protein 1A

Gene names

Name:	POLR2M
Synonyms:	GRINL1A

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	368 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Isoform 1 appears to be a stable component of the Pol II(G) complex form of RNA polymerase II (Pol II). Pol II synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs and is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. Isoform 1 may play a role in the Mediator complex-dependent regulation of transcription activation. Isoform 1 acts in vitro as a negative regulator of transcriptional activation; this repression is relieved by the Mediator complex, which restores Pol II(G) activator-dependent transcription to a level equivalent to that of Pol II. Ref.9
Subunit structure	Isoform 1 is a component of the Pol II(G) complex, which contains the RNA polymerase II (Pol II) core complex subunits and POLR2M isoform 1. Pol II(G) appears to be an abundant form of Pol II.
Subcellular location	Isoform 1: Nucleus Probable.
Tissue specificity	Detected in adult an fetal brain. Detected in heart, kidney, skeletal muscle, small intestine, lung, prostate and testis. Ref.2
Miscellaneous	The adjacent MYZAP and POLR2M genes are part of a complex transcription unit. The respective transcripts derive from different promoters and are alternatively spliced. In human, some transcripts of the upstream promoter of MYZAP use exons of the downstream POLR2M gene.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the GRINL1 family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Transcription
Cellular component	DNA-directed RNA polymerase Nucleus
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing
Domain	Coiled coil
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	RNA biosynthetic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: GOC maintenance of ER location Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara
Cellular_component	DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, holoenzyme Inferred from direct assay PubMed 22231121. Source: UniProtKB neuronal cell body Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara nuclear envelope Inferred from direct assay. Source: LIFEdb
Molecular_function	DNA-directed RNA polymerase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Alternative products

This entry describes 6 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Note: Additional isoforms seem to exist.

Isoform 1 (identifier: P0CAP2-1)

Also known as: Gdown1;

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform 2 (identifier: P0CAP2-2)

Also known as: Gdown6;

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     39-195: Missing.

Isoform 3 (identifier: P0CAP2-3)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     323-368: MQAKLAAQKL...EDDDWSSDEF → RPFYSPQYRS...MGSLALLTKL

Isoform 4 (identifier: Q6EEV4-1)

Also known as: Gdown4;

The sequence of this isoform can be found in the external entry Q6EEV4.
Isoforms of the same protein are often annotated in two different entries if their sequences differ significantly.

Isoform 5 (identifier: Q6EEV4-2)

Also known as: Gdown3;

The sequence of this isoform can be found in the external entry Q6EEV4.
Isoforms of the same protein are often annotated in two different entries if their sequences differ significantly.

Isoform 6 (identifier: P0CAP1-11)

Also known as: Gcom1; GRINL1A complex locus protein 1;

The sequence of this isoform can be found in the external entry P0CAP1.
Isoforms of the same protein are often annotated in two different entries if their sequences differ significantly.

Note: Based on a naturally occurring readthrough transcript which produces a MYZAP-POLR2M fusion protein.

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 368	368	DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit GRINL1A		PRO_5000089546
Regions
	Coiled coil	301 – 335	35	Potential
Natural variations
	Alternative sequence	39 – 195	157	Missing in isoform 2.		VSP_037387
	Alternative sequence	323 – 368	46	MQAKL…SSDEF → RPFYSPQYRSSMNLLSLAAA AKDTRGSKSGKMGSLALLTK L in isoform 3.		VSP_037388
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	171	1	H → D in CAB43263. Ref.7

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform 1 (Gdown1) [UniParc]. Last modified May 26, 2009. Version 1. Checksum: B2F3ADAC21793D1E	FASTA	368	41,740
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MCSLPRGFEP QAPEDLAQRS LVELREMLKR QERLLRNEKF ICKLPDKGKK IFDSFAKLKA 70 80 90 100 110 120 AIAECEEVRR KSELFNPVSL DCKLRQKAIA EVDVGTDKAQ NSDPILDTSS LVPGCSSVDN 130 140 150 160 170 180 IKSSQTSQNQ GLGRPTLEGD EETSEVEYTV NKGPASSNRD RVPPSSEASE HHPRHRVSSQ 190 200 210 220 230 240 AEDTSSSFDN LFIDRLQRIT IADQGEQQSE ENASTKNLTG LSSGTEKKPH YMEVLEMRAK 250 260 270 280 290 300 NPVPQLRKFK TNVLPFRQND SSSHCQKSGS PISSEERRRR DKQHLDDITA ARLLPLHHMP 310 320 330 340 350 360 TQLLSIEESL ALQKQQKQNY EEMQAKLAAQ KLAERLNIKM RSYNPEGESS GRYREVRDED DDWSSDEF
	Isoform 2 (Gdown6) [UniParc]. Checksum: 02CD8ED77ADC9983	FASTA	211	24,533
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MCSLPRGFEP QAPEDLAQRS LVELREMLKR QERLLRNELQ RITIADQGEQ QSEENASTKN 70 80 90 100 110 120 LTGLSSGTEK KPHYMEVLEM RAKNPVPQLR KFKTNVLPFR QNDSSSHCQK SGSPISSEER 130 140 150 160 170 180 RRRDKQHLDD ITAARLLPLH HMPTQLLSIE ESLALQKQQK QNYEEMQAKL AAQKLAERLN 190 200 210 IKMRSYNPEG ESSGRYREVR DEDDDWSSDE F
	Isoform 3 [UniParc]. Checksum: 9EBE33AF873AC052	FASTA	363	40,734
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MCSLPRGFEP QAPEDLAQRS LVELREMLKR QERLLRNEKF ICKLPDKGKK IFDSFAKLKA 70 80 90 100 110 120 AIAECEEVRR KSELFNPVSL DCKLRQKAIA EVDVGTDKAQ NSDPILDTSS LVPGCSSVDN 130 140 150 160 170 180 IKSSQTSQNQ GLGRPTLEGD EETSEVEYTV NKGPASSNRD RVPPSSEASE HHPRHRVSSQ 190 200 210 220 230 240 AEDTSSSFDN LFIDRLQRIT IADQGEQQSE ENASTKNLTG LSSGTEKKPH YMEVLEMRAK 250 260 270 280 290 300 NPVPQLRKFK TNVLPFRQND SSSHCQKSGS PISSEERRRR DKQHLDDITA ARLLPLHHMP 310 320 330 340 350 360 TQLLSIEESL ALQKQQKQNY EERPFYSPQY RSSMNLLSLA AAAKDTRGSK SGKMGSLALL TKL
	Isoform 4 (Gdown4) [UniParc]. See Q6EEV4.		–	–
	Isoform 5 (Gdown3) [UniParc]. See Q6EEV4.		–	–
	Isoform 6 (Gcom1) (GRINL1A complex locus protein 1) [UniParc]. See P0CAP1.		–	–

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Assignment of an ionotropic glutamate receptor-like gene (GRINL1A) to human chromosome 15q22.1 by in situ hybridization." Roginski R.S., Mohan Raj B.K., Finkernagel S.W., Sciorra L.J. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 93:143-144(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Brain.
[2]	"The human GRINL1A gene defines a complex transcription unit, an unusual form of gene organization in eukaryotes." Roginski R.S., Mohan Raj B.K., Birditt B., Rowen L. Genomics 84:265-276(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1; 2 AND 6), TISSUE SPECIFICITY. Tissue: Brain and Lung.
[3]	"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. , Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1; 2 AND 3). Tissue: Heart.
[4]	"Analysis of the DNA sequence and duplication history of human chromosome 15." Zody M.C., Garber M., Sharpe T., Young S.K., Rowen L., O'Neill K., Whittaker C.A., Kamal M., Chang J.L., Cuomo C.A., Dewar K., FitzGerald M.G., Kodira C.D., Madan A., Qin S., Yang X., Abbasi N., Abouelleil A. , Arachchi H.M., Baradarani L., Birditt B., Bloom S., Bloom T., Borowsky M.L., Burke J., Butler J., Cook A., DeArellano K., DeCaprio D., Dorris L. III, Dors M., Eichler E.E., Engels R., Fahey J., Fleetwood P., Friedman C., Gearin G., Hall J.L., Hensley G., Johnson E., Jones C., Kamat A., Kaur A., Locke D.P., Madan A., Munson G., Jaffe D.B., Lui A., Macdonald P., Mauceli E., Naylor J.W., Nesbitt R., Nicol R., O'Leary S.B., Ratcliffe A., Rounsley S., She X., Sneddon K.M.B., Stewart S., Sougnez C., Stone S.M., Topham K., Vincent D., Wang S., Zimmer A.R., Birren B.W., Hood L., Lander E.S., Nusbaum C. Nature 440:671-675(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[5]	Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. , Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H., Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K., Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D., Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C. Submitted (JUL-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[6]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Brain cortex.
[7]	"The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA consortium." Bechtel S., Rosenfelder H., Duda A., Schmidt C.P., Ernst U., Wellenreuther R., Mehrle A., Schuster C., Bahr A., Bloecker H., Heubner D., Hoerlein A., Michel G., Wedler H., Koehrer K., Ottenwaelder B., Poustka A., Wiemann S., Schupp I. BMC Genomics 8:399-399(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 171-368. Tissue: Uterus.
[8]	"A set of consensus mammalian mediator subunits identified by multidimensional protein identification technology." Sato S., Tomomori-Sato C., Parmely T.J., Florens L., Zybailov B., Swanson S.K., Banks C.A.S., Jin J., Cai Y., Washburn M.P., Conaway J.W., Conaway R.C. Mol. Cell 14:685-691(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[9]	"A Mediator-responsive form of metazoan RNA polymerase II." Hu X., Malik S., Negroiu C.C., Hubbard K., Velalar C.N., Hampton B., Grosu D., Catalano J., Roeder R.G., Gnatt A. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103:9506-9511(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, RECONSTITUTION OF THE POL II(G) COMPLEX.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AF326773 mRNA. Translation: AAK92284.2. AY207007 mRNA. Translation: AAO39707.1. AY353061 mRNA. Translation: AAQ76837.1. AK074767 mRNA. Translation: BAC11193.1. AK074955 mRNA. Translation: BAC11313.1. AK128618 mRNA. Translation: BAC87533.1. AC090651 Genomic DNA. No translation available. CH471082 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW77525.1. BC001510 mRNA. Translation: AAH01510.1. AL050091 mRNA. Translation: CAB43263.1.
IPI	IPI00443687. IPI00552141. IPI00816688.
PIR	T08740.
RefSeq	NP_001018112.1. NM_001018102.1. NP_056347.1. NM_015532.3.
UniGene	Hs.437256.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	P0CAP2.
ModBase	Search...
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	P0CAP2.
Polymorphism databases
DMDM	238064986.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	P0CAP2.
Protocols and materials databases
DNASU	81488.
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000299638; ENSP00000299638; ENSG00000255529. ENST00000380557; ENSP00000369930; ENSG00000255529. ENST00000380563; ENSP00000369937; ENSG00000255529. ENST00000482852; ENSP00000432615; ENSG00000255529.
GeneID	81488.
KEGG	hsa:81488.
UCSC	uc002aes.3. human. uc002aet.4. human.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	81488.
GeneCards	GC15P057888.
HGNC	HGNC:14862. POLR2M.
MIM	606485. gene.
neXtProt	NX_P0CAP2.
PharmGKB	PA28986.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
HOVERGEN	HBG098324.
OMA	MEESLAI.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	P0CAP2.
Bgee	P0CAP2.
Genevestigator	P0CAP2.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR026213. GRINL1. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR02085. POLR2GRINL1.
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
GenomeRNAi	81488.
NextBio	71714.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

GRL1A_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P0CAP2
Secondary accession number(s): Q6EER8 , Q6EES2, Q6EEV3, Q6EF00, Q6EF01, Q6EF02, Q6EF46, Q6EFN8, Q6EM48, Q6K046, Q6K050, Q6K051, Q6ZQZ3, Q8NC58, Q8NCF3, Q96DI5, Q96JB7, Q96NF5, Q9Y3V6

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	May 26, 2009
Last sequence update:	May 26, 2009
Last modified:	May 1, 2013
This is version 37 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.