Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P0C679 (DPOL_HBVD5)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Protein P
Including the following 3 domains:
    1- Recommended name:
            DNA-directed DNA polymerase
              EC=2.7.7.7
    2- Recommended name:
            RNA-directed DNA polymerase
              EC=2.7.7.49
    3- Recommended name:
            Ribonuclease H
              EC=3.1.26.4

Gene names

Name:

P

Organism

Hepatitis B virus genotype D subtype ayw (isolate Australia/AustKW/1991) (HBV-D) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

489488 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Viruses › Retro-transcribing viruses › Hepadnaviridae › Orthohepadnavirus

Virus host

Pan troglodytes (Chimpanzee) [TaxID: 9598]
Homo sapiens (Human) [TaxID: 9606]

Protein attributes

Sequence length	832 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Inferred from homology.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Multifunctional enzyme that converts the viral RNA genome into dsDNA in viral cytoplasmic capsids. This enzyme displays a DNA polymerase activity that can copy either DNA or RNA templates, and a ribonuclease H (RNase H) activity that cleaves the RNA strand of RNA-DNA heteroduplexes in a partially processive 3'- to 5'-endonucleasic mode. Neo-synthesized pregenomic RNA (pgRNA) are encapsidated together with the P protein, and reverse-transcribed inside the nucleocapsid. Initiation of reverse-transcription occurs first by binding the epsilon loop on the pgRNA genome, and is initiated by protein priming, thereby the 5'-end of (-)DNA is covalently linked to P protein. Partial (+)DNA is synthesized from the (-)DNA template and generates the relaxed circular DNA (RC-DNA) genome. After budding and infection, the RC-DNA migrates in the nucleus, and is converted into a plasmid-like covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA). The activity of P protein does not seem to be necessary for cccDNA generation, and is presumably released from (+)DNA by host nuclear DNA repair machinery By similarity.
Catalytic activity	Deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1). Endonucleolytic cleavage to 5'-phosphomonoester.
Enzyme regulation	Activated by host HSP70 and HSP40 in vitro to be able to bind the epsilon loop of the pgRNA. Because deletion of the RNase H region renders the protein partly chaperone-independent, the chaperones may be needed indirectly to releive occlusion of the RNA-binding site by this domain. Inhibited by several reverse-transcriptase inhibitors: Lamivudine, Adefovir and Entecavir By similarity.
Domain	Terminal protein domain (TP) is hepadnavirus-specific. Spacer domain is highly variable and separates the TP and RT domains. Polymerase/reverse-transcriptase domain (RT) and ribonuclease H domain (RH) are similar to retrovirus reverse transcriptase/RNase H By similarity. The polymerase/reverse transcriptase (RT) and ribonuclease H (RH) domains are structured in five subdomains: finger, palm, thumb, connection and RNase H. Within the palm subdomain, the 'primer grip' region is thought to be involved in the positioning of the primer terminus for accommodating the incoming nucleotide. The RH domain stabilizes the association of RT with primer-template By similarity.
Miscellaneous	Hepadnaviral virions contain probably just one P protein molecule per particle By similarity.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the hepadnaviridae P protein family. Contains 1 reverse transcriptase domain.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	DNA replication
Ligand	DNA-binding Magnesium Metal-binding
Molecular function	DNA-directed DNA polymerase Endonuclease Hydrolase Nuclease Nucleotidyltransferase RNA-directed DNA polymerase Transferase
Technical term	Complete proteome Multifunctional enzyme
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	RNA-dependent DNA replication Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Molecular function	DNA binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW RNA binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro RNA-directed DNA polymerase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW magnesium ion binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW ribonuclease H activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 832	832	Protein P		PRO_0000323267
Regions
	Domain	346 – 589	244	Reverse transcriptase
	Region	1 – 177	177	Terminal protein domain (TP) By similarity
	Region	178 – 335	158	Spacer By similarity
	Region	336 – 679	344	Polymerase/reverse transcriptase domain (RT) By similarity
	Region	680 – 832	153	RnaseH domain (RH) By similarity
Sites
	Metal binding	418	1	Magnesium; catalytic By similarity
	Metal binding	540	1	Magnesium; catalytic By similarity
	Metal binding	541	1	Magnesium; catalytic By similarity
	Site	63	1	Priming of reverse-transcription by covalently linking the first nucleotide of the (-)DNA By similarity

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P0C679-1 [UniParc]. Last modified March 18, 2008. Version 1. Checksum: 285B2930CFEDCDF0	FASTA	832	93,519
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MPLSYQHFRK LLLLDNEAGP LEEELPRLAD EDLNRRVAED LNLGNLNVSI PWTHKVGNFT 70 80 90 100 110 120 GLYSSSVPVF NPHWKTPSFP NIHLHQDIIK KCEQFVGPLT VNEKRRLKLI MPARFYPNFT 130 140 150 160 170 180 KYLPLDKGIK PYYPEHLVNH YFHTRHYLHT LWKAGILYKR VSTHSASFCG SPYSWEQELQ 190 200 210 220 230 240 HGAESFHQQS SGILSRPSVG SSLQSKHQQS RLGLQSQQGH LARRQQGRSW SIRTRVHPTA 250 260 270 280 290 300 RRPSGVEPSG SGHNANLASK SASCLYQSTV RTAAYPAVST SENHSSSGHA VELHNLPPNS 310 320 330 340 350 360 ARSQSERPVS PCWWLQFRNS KPCSDYCLSH IVNLLEDWGP CAEHGEHHIR IPRTPARVTG 370 380 390 400 410 420 GVFLVDKNPH NTAESRLVVD FSQFSRGNYR VSWPKFAVPN LQSLTNLLSS NLCWLSLDVS 430 440 450 460 470 480 AAFYHLPLHP AAMPHLLVGS SGLSRYVARL SSNSRIINHQ HGTLQNLHDS CSRNLYVSLL 490 500 510 520 530 540 LLYKTFGWKL HLYSHPIILG FRKIPMGVGL SPFLLAQFTS AICSVVRRAF PHCLAFSYMD 550 560 570 580 590 600 DVVLGAKSVQ HLESLFTAVT NFLLSLGIHL NPNKTKRWGY SLNFMGYVIG SWGSLPQDHI 610 620 630 640 650 660 RHKIKECFRK LPVHRPIDWK VCQRIVGLLG FAAPFTQCGY PALMPLYACI QSKQAFTFSP 670 680 690 700 710 720 TYKAFLCKQY LNLYPVARQR PGLCQVFADA TPTGWGLVMG HQRMRGTFSA PLPIHTAELL 730 740 750 760 770 780 AACFARSRSG ANILGTDNSV VLSRKYTSFP WLLGCAANWI LRGTSFVYVP SALNPADDPS 790 800 810 820 830 RGRLGPCRPL LHLPFRPTTG RTSLYADSPS VPSHLPDRVH FASPLHVAWR PP

References

[1]	"A novel variant genotype C of hepatitis B virus identified in isolates from Australian Aborigines: complete genome sequence and phylogenetic relatedness." Sugauchi F., Mizokami M., Orito E., Ohno T., Kato H., Suzuki S., Kimura Y., Ueda R., Butterworth L.A., Cooksley W.G. J. Gen. Virol. 82:883-892(2001) [PubMed: 11257194] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[2]	"Hepatitis B virus replication." Beck J., Nassal M. World J. Gastroenterol. 13:48-64(2007) [PubMed: 17206754] [Abstract] Cited for: REVIEW.

Web resources

HepSEQ

Hepatitis virus B database

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AB048701 Genomic DNA. No translation available.
3D structure databases
SMR	P0C679. Positions 347-677.
ModBase	Search...
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR001462. DNApol_viral_C. IPR000201. DNApol_viral_N. IPR000477. Reverse_transcriptase. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF00336. DNA_pol_viral_C. 1 hit. PF00242. DNA_pol_viral_N. 1 hit. PF00078. RVT_1. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS50878. RT_POL. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

DPOL_HBVD5

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P0C679

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	March 18, 2008
Last sequence update:	March 18, 2008
Last modified:	January 19, 2010
This is version 12 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

Virus (Virus annotation project)