P0AG20 (RELA_ECOLI) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
GTP pyrophosphokinase
EC=2.7.6.5

Alternative name(s):
(p)ppGpp synthase
ATP:GTP 3'-pyrophosphotransferase
ppGpp synthase I

Gene names

Name:	relA
Ordered Locus Names:	b2784, JW2755

Organism

Escherichia coli (strain K12) [Reference proteome] [HAMAP]

Taxonomic identifier

83333 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Bacteria › Proteobacteria › Gammaproteobacteria › Enterobacteriales › Enterobacteriaceae › Escherichia › Escherichia coli

Protein attributes

Sequence length	744 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	In eubacteria ppGpp (guanosine 3'-diphosphate 5-' diphosphate) is a mediator of the stringent response that coordinates a variety of cellular activities in response to changes in nutritional abundance. This enzyme catalyzes the formation of pppGpp which is then hydrolyzed to form ppGpp. Ref.4 Ref.5
Catalytic activity	ATP + GTP = AMP + guanosine 3'-diphosphate 5'-triphosphate.
Pathway	Purine metabolism; ppGpp biosynthesis; ppGpp from GTP: step 1/2.
Disruption phenotype	A slight increase in biofilm formation in a csrA-disrupted background; when combined with a spoT disruption (a ppGpp0 mutant) there is a very large increase in biofilm formation. Deletion of relA alone decreases persister cell formation in a hipA7 mutant; the double relA/spoT deletion obviates persister cell formation. Ref.4 Ref.5
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the RelA/SpoT family. Contains 1 ACT domain.

Ontologies

Keywords
Ligand	ATP-binding GTP-binding Nucleotide-binding
Molecular function	Kinase Transferase
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	guanosine tetraphosphate biosynthetic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-UniPathway guanosine tetraphosphate metabolic process Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 2556396. Source: EcoCyc nucleobase-containing small molecule interconversion Inferred from direct assay PubMed 12419222. Source: EcoCyc
Cellular_component	cytoplasm Inferred from physical interaction PubMed 195816. Source: EcoCyc
Molecular_function	ATP binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW GTP binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW GTP diphosphokinase activity Inferred from direct assay PubMed 195816. Source: EcoCyc amino acid binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro kinase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 744	744	GTP pyrophosphokinase		PRO_0000166546
Regions
	Domain	667 – 741	75	ACT
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	307	1	F → K in AAA03237. Ref.1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P0AG20 [UniParc]. Last modified December 20, 2005. Version 1. Checksum: FA269709F15E1F25	FASTA	744	83,876
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MVAVRSAHIN KAGEFDPEKW IASLGITSQK SCECLAETWA YCLQQTQGHP DASLLLWRGV 70 80 90 100 110 120 EMVEILSTLS MDIDTLRAAL LFPLADANVV SEDVLRESVG KSVVNLIHGV RDMAAIRQLK 130 140 150 160 170 180 ATHTDSVSSE QVDNVRRMLL AMVDDFRCVV IKLAERIAHL REVKDAPEDE RVLAAKECTN 190 200 210 220 230 240 IYAPLANRLG IGQLKWELED YCFRYLHPTE YKRIAKLLHE RRLDREHYIE EFVGHLRAEM 250 260 270 280 290 300 KAEGVKAEVY GRPKHIYSIW RKMQKKNLAF DELFDVRAVR IVAERLQDCY AALGIVHTHY 310 320 330 340 350 360 RHLPDEFDDY VANPKPNGYQ SIHTVVLGPG GKTVEIQIRT KQMHEDAELG VAAHWKYKEG 370 380 390 400 410 420 AAAGGARSGH EDRIAWLRKL IAWQEEMADS GEMLDEVRSQ VFDDRVYVFT PKGDVVDLPA 430 440 450 460 470 480 GSTPLDFAYH IHSDVGHRCI GAKIGGRIVP FTYQLQMGDQ IEIITQKQPN PSRDWLNPNL 490 500 510 520 530 540 GYVTTSRGRS KIHAWFRKQD RDKNILAGRQ ILDDELEHLG ISLKEAEKHL LPRYNFNDVD 550 560 570 580 590 600 ELLAAIGGGD IRLNQMVNFL QSQFNKPSAE EQDAAALKQL QQKSYTPQNR SKDNGRVVVE 610 620 630 640 650 660 GVGNLMHHIA RCCQPIPGDE IVGFITQGRG ISVHRADCEQ LAELRSHAPE RIVDAVWGES 670 680 690 700 710 720 YSAGYSLVVR VVANDRSGLL RDITTILANE KVNVLGVASR SDTKQQLATI DMTIEIYNLQ 730 740 VLGRVLGKLN QVPDVIDARR LHGS

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"The nucleotide sequence and characterization of the relA gene of Escherichia coli." Metzger S., Dror I.B., Aizenman E., Schreiber G., Toone M., Friesen J.D., Cashel M., Glaser G. J. Biol. Chem. 263:15699-15704(1988) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: K12.
[2]	"The complete genome sequence of Escherichia coli K-12." Blattner F.R., Plunkett G. III, Bloch C.A., Perna N.T., Burland V., Riley M., Collado-Vides J., Glasner J.D., Rode C.K., Mayhew G.F., Gregor J., Davis N.W., Kirkpatrick H.A., Goeden M.A., Rose D.J., Mau B., Shao Y. Science 277:1453-1474(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: K12 / MG1655 / ATCC 47076.
[3]	"Highly accurate genome sequences of Escherichia coli K-12 strains MG1655 and W3110." Hayashi K., Morooka N., Yamamoto Y., Fujita K., Isono K., Choi S., Ohtsubo E., Baba T., Wanner B.L., Mori H., Horiuchi T. Mol. Syst. Biol. 2:E1-E5(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: K12 / W3110 / ATCC 27325 / DSM 5911.
[4]	"Characterization of the hipA7 allele of Escherichia coli and evidence that high persistence is governed by (p)ppGpp synthesis." Korch S.B., Henderson T.A., Hill T.M. Mol. Microbiol. 50:1199-1213(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION IN PERSISTENCE, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE. Strain: K12 / MG1655 / ATCC 47076.
[5]	"Second messenger signalling governs Escherichia coli biofilm induction upon ribosomal stress." Boehm A., Steiner S., Zaehringer F., Casanova A., Hamburger F., Ritz D., Keck W., Ackermann M., Schirmer T., Jenal U. Mol. Microbiol. 72:1500-1516(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION IN BIOFILM FORMATION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE. Strain: K12 / MG1655 / AB400.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	J04039 Unassigned DNA. Translation: AAA03237.1. U29580 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA69294.1. U00096 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAC75826.1. AP009048 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAE76858.1.
PIR	KIECG. D65060.
RefSeq	NP_417264.1. NC_000913.2. YP_490992.1. NC_007779.1.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	P0AG20.
SMR	P0AG20. Positions 60-355, 406-465.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	P0AG20. 15 interactions.
STRING	511145.b2784.
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	P0AG20.
PRIDE	P0AG20.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
EnsemblBacteria	AAC75826; AAC75826; b2784. BAE76858; BAE76858; BAE76858.
GeneID	12930232. 947244.
KEGG	ecj:Y75_p2721. eco:b2784.
PATRIC	32120984. VBIEscCol129921_2884.
Organism-specific databases
EchoBASE	EB0828.
EcoGene	EG10835. relA.
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	COG0317.
HOGENOM	HOG000018300.
KO	K00951.
OMA	HRADCDQ.
ProtClustDB	PRK10872.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyc	EcoCyc:RELA-MONOMER. ECOL316407:JW2755-MONOMER. MetaCyc:RELA-MONOMER.
UniPathway	UPA00908; UER00884.
Gene expression databases
Genevestigator	P0AG20.
Family and domain databases
Gene3D	3.10.20.30. 1 hit.
InterPro	IPR026020. (p)ppGpp_Synthase. IPR002912. ACT_dom. IPR012675. Beta-grasp_dom. IPR004811. RelA/Spo_fam. IPR007685. RelA_SpoT. IPR004095. TGS. IPR012676. TGS-like. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR21262. PTHR21262. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF01842. ACT. 1 hit. PF04607. RelA_SpoT. 1 hit. PF02824. TGS. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SMART	SM00954. RelA_SpoT. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SUPFAM	SSF81271. TGS-like. 1 hit.
TIGRFAMs	TIGR00691. spoT_relA. 1 hit.
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1163114.

Entry information

Entry name

RELA_ECOLI

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P0AG20
Secondary accession number(s): P11585, Q2MA48

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	December 20, 2005
Last sequence update:	December 20, 2005
Last modified:	May 1, 2013
This is version 67 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Prokaryotic Protein Annotation Program