Galactokinase - Escherichia coli (strain K12)

Contribute

Send feedback

Read comments (?) or add your own

P0A6T3 (GAL1_ECOLI) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Last modified May 1, 2013. Version 74. History...

Clusters with 100%, 90%, 50% identity |

Documents (3) |

Third-party data

text xml rdf/xml gff fasta

Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·Documents Customize order

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Galactokinase
EC=2.7.1.6

Alternative name(s):
Galactose kinase

Gene names

Name:	galK
Synonyms:	galA
Ordered Locus Names:	b0757, JW0740

Organism

Escherichia coli (strain K12) [Reference proteome] [HAMAP]

Taxonomic identifier

83333 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Bacteria › Proteobacteria › Gammaproteobacteria › Enterobacteriales › Enterobacteriaceae › Escherichia ›

Protein attributes

Sequence length	382 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-phosphate of ATP to D-galactose to form alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate (Gal-1-P). To a lesser extent, is also able to phosphorylate 2-deoxy-D-galactose and D-galactosamine. Is not able to use D-galacturonic acid, D-talose, L-altrose, and L-glucose as substrates. Ref.5 Ref.7 Ref.8
Catalytic activity	ATP + D-galactose = ADP + alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate. Ref.5 Ref.7 Ref.8
Pathway	Carbohydrate metabolism; galactose metabolism. HAMAP-Rule MF_00246
Subcellular location	Cytoplasm Potential HAMAP-Rule MF_00246.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the GHMP kinase family. GalK subfamily.
Biophysicochemical properties	Kinetic parameters: kcat is 108 min(-1), 30 min(-1) and 11.7 min(-1) with D-galactose, 2-deoxy-D-galactose, and D-galactosamine as substrate, respectively. K_M=2.1 mM for D-galactose Ref.7 Ref.8 K_M=3.6 mM for 2-deoxy-D-galactose K_M=2.9 mM for D-galactosamine K_M=2.5 mM for ATP V_max=1.65 µmol/min/mg enzyme with D-galactose as substrate

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Carbohydrate metabolism Galactose metabolism
Cellular component	Cytoplasm
Ligand	ATP-binding Magnesium Metal-binding Nucleotide-binding
Molecular function	Kinase Transferase
Technical term	Complete proteome Direct protein sequencing Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	galactose catabolic process via UDP-galactose Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 13390972. Source: EcoCyc
Cellular_component	cytoplasm Inferred from direct assay PubMed 4889465. Source: EcoliWiki
Molecular_function	ATP binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: HAMAP galactokinase activity Inferred from direct assay PubMed 13977183. Source: EcoCyc magnesium ion binding Inferred from direct assay PubMed 13977183. Source: EcoCyc
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature key

Position(s)

Length

Description

Graphical view

Feature identifier

Molecule processing

Initiator methionine

Removed Ref.5

Chain

2 – 382

381

Galactokinase HAMAP-Rule MF_00246

PRO_0000184607

Regions

Nucleotide binding

124 – 130

ATP By similarity

Region

34 – 37

Substrate binding By similarity

Sites

Active site

174

Proton acceptor By similarity

Metal binding

130

Magnesium By similarity

Metal binding

162

Magnesium By similarity

Binding site

223

Substrate By similarity

Site

Transition state stabilizer By similarity

Experimental info

Mutagenesis

371

Y → H: Displays relaxed substrate specificity since it gains kinase activity toward sugars as diverse as D-galacturonic acid, D-talose, L-altrose, and L-glucose. Also shows enhanced turnover of the small pool of sugars converted by the wild-type enzyme. Ref.8

Sequences

Sequence

Length

Mass (Da)

Tools

P0A6T3 [UniParc].

Last modified January 23, 2007. Version 2.
Checksum: 7D886CE6FC48F0A1
Show »

FASTA

382

41,442

        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MSLKEKTQSL FANAFGYPAT HTIQAPGRVN LIGEHTDYND GFVLPCAIDY QTVISCAPRD 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
DRKVRVMAAD YENQLDEFSL DAPIVAHENY QWANYVRGVV KHLQLRNNSF GGVDMVISGN 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
VPQGAGLSSS ASLEVAVGTV LQQLYHLPLD GAQIALNGQE AENQFVGCNC GIMDQLISAL 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
GKKDHALLID CRSLGTKAVS MPKGVAVVII NSNFKRTLVG SEYNTRREQC ETGARFFQQP 

       250        260        270        280        290        300 
ALRDVTIEEF NAVAHELDPI VAKRVRHILT ENARTVEAAS ALEQGDLKRM GELMAESHAS 

       310        320        330        340        350        360 
MRDDFEITVP QIDTLVEIVK AVIGDKGGVR MTGGGFGGCI VALIPEELVP AVQQAVAEQY 

       370        380 
EAKTGIKETF YVCKPSQGAG QC

« Hide

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Structure of the galactokinase gene of Escherichia coli, the last (?) gene of the gal operon." Debouck C., Riccio A., Schumperli D., McKenney K., Jeffers J., Hughes C., Rosenberg M., Heusterspreute M., Brunel F., Davison J. Nucleic Acids Res. 13:1841-1853(1985) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[2]	"A 718-kb DNA sequence of the Escherichia coli K-12 genome corresponding to the 12.7-28.0 min region on the linkage map." Oshima T., Aiba H., Baba T., Fujita K., Hayashi K., Honjo A., Ikemoto K., Inada T., Itoh T., Kajihara M., Kanai K., Kashimoto K., Kimura S., Kitagawa M., Makino K., Masuda S., Miki T., Mizobuchi K. Horiuchi T. DNA Res. 3:137-155(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: K12 / W3110 / ATCC 27325 / DSM 5911.
[3]	"The complete genome sequence of Escherichia coli K-12." Blattner F.R., Plunkett G. III, Bloch C.A., Perna N.T., Burland V., Riley M., Collado-Vides J., Glasner J.D., Rode C.K., Mayhew G.F., Gregor J., Davis N.W., Kirkpatrick H.A., Goeden M.A., Rose D.J., Mau B., Shao Y. Science 277:1453-1474(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: K12 / MG1655 / ATCC 47076.
[4]	"Highly accurate genome sequences of Escherichia coli K-12 strains MG1655 and W3110." Hayashi K., Morooka N., Yamamoto Y., Fujita K., Isono K., Choi S., Ohtsubo E., Baba T., Wanner B.L., Mori H., Horiuchi T. Mol. Syst. Biol. 2:E1-E5(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: K12 / W3110 / ATCC 27325 / DSM 5911.
[5]	"The NH2-terminal sequences of galactokinase from Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Schlesinger D.H., Schell M.A., Wilson D.B. FEBS Lett. 83:45-47(1977) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 2-20, FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY. Strain: SA1310.
[6]	"Dependence of lactose metabolism upon mutarotase encoded in the gal operon in Escherichia coli." Bouffard G.G., Rudd K.E., Adhya S.L. J. Mol. Biol. 244:269-278(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 371-382.
[7]	"Studies on the substrate specificity of Escherichia coli galactokinase." Yang J., Fu X., Jia Q., Shen J., Biggins J.B., Jiang J., Zhao J., Schmidt J.J., Wang P.G., Thorson J.S. Org. Lett. 5:2223-2226(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITY, KINETIC PARAMETERS. Strain: K12.
[8]	"Creation of the first anomeric D/L-sugar kinase by means of directed evolution." Hoffmeister D., Yang J., Liu L., Thorson J.S. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100:13184-13189(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITY, KINETIC PARAMETERS, MUTAGENESIS OF TYR-371. Strain: K12.
[9]	"Comparative modeling and genomics for galactokinase (Gal1p) enzyme." Sharma A., Malakar P. Bioinformation 5:422-429(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: 3D-STRUCTURE MODELING.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	X02306 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA26172.1. U00096 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAC73844.1. AP009048 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA35419.1. U13636 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB17019.1.
PIR	KIECGG. B23044.
RefSeq	NP_415278.1. NC_000913.2. YP_489030.1. NC_007779.1.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	P0A6T3.
SMR	P0A6T3. Positions 11-379.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	511145.b0757.
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	P0A6T3.
PRIDE	P0A6T3.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
EnsemblBacteria	AAC73844; AAC73844; b0757. BAA35419; BAA35419; BAA35419.
GeneID	12932717. 945358.
KEGG	ecj:Y75_p0730. eco:b0757.
PATRIC	32116715. VBIEscCol129921_0783.
Organism-specific databases
EchoBASE	EB0358.
EcoGene	EG10363. galK.
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	COG0153.
HOGENOM	HOG000241100.
KO	K00849.
OMA	MPCAINY.
ProtClustDB	PRK05101.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyc	EcoCyc:GALACTOKIN-MONOMER. ECOL316407:JW0740-MONOMER. MetaCyc:GALACTOKIN-MONOMER.
SABIO-RK	P0A6T3.
UniPathway	UPA00214.
Gene expression databases
Genevestigator	P0A6T3.
Family and domain databases
Gene3D	3.30.230.10. 1 hit.
HAMAP	MF_00246. Galactokinase.
InterPro	IPR000705. Galactokinase. IPR022963. Galactokinase_bac. IPR019741. Galactokinase_CS. IPR019539. GalKase_gal-bd. IPR013750. GHMP_kinase_C_dom. IPR006204. GHMP_kinase_N_dom. IPR006203. GHMP_knse_ATP-bd_CS. IPR006206. Mevalonate/galactokinase. IPR020568. Ribosomal_S5_D2-typ_fold. IPR014721. Ribosomal_S5_D2-typ_fold_subgr. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF10509. GalKase_gal_bdg. 1 hit. PF08544. GHMP_kinases_C. 1 hit. PF00288. GHMP_kinases_N. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PIRSF	PIRSF000530. Galactokinase. 1 hit.
PRINTS	PR00473. GALCTOKINASE. PR00959. MEVGALKINASE.
SUPFAM	SSF54211. Ribosomal_S5_D2-typ_fold. 1 hit.
TIGRFAMs	TIGR00131. gal_kin. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS00106. GALACTOKINASE. 1 hit. PS00627. GHMP_KINASES_ATP. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

GAL1_ECOLI

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P0A6T3
Secondary accession number(s): P06976

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	April 1, 1988
Last sequence update:	January 23, 2007
Last modified:	May 1, 2013
This is version 74 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Prokaryotic Protein Annotation Program

Relevant documents

Escherichia coli

Escherichia coli (strain K12): entries and cross-references to EcoGene

PATHWAY comments

Index of metabolic and biosynthesis pathways

SIMILARITY comments

Index of protein domains and families

Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·Documents

Preferred order of sections

Names and origin

Protein attributes

General annotation (Comments)

Ontologies

Sequence annotation (Features)

Molecule processing

Regions

Sites

Experimental info

Sequences

References

Cross-references

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

Proteomic databases

Protocols and materials databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Enzyme and pathway databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

Entry information

Relevant documents