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P0A6T3 (GAL1_ECOLI) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Last modified May 1, 2013. Version 74. Feed History...

Clusters with 100%, 90%, 50% identity | Documents (3) | Third-party data text xml rdf/xml gff fasta
to top of pageNames·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order

Names and origin

Protein namesRecommended name:
Galactokinase

EC=2.7.1.6
Alternative name(s):
Galactose kinase
Gene names
Name:galK
Synonyms:galA
Ordered Locus Names:b0757, JW0740
OrganismEscherichia coli (strain K12) [Reference proteome] [HAMAP]
Taxonomic identifier83333 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageBacteriaProteobacteriaGammaproteobacteriaEnterobacterialesEnterobacteriaceaeEscherichia

Protein attributes

Sequence length382 AA.
Sequence statusComplete.
Sequence processingThe displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existenceEvidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function

Catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-phosphate of ATP to D-galactose to form alpha-D-galactose-1-phosphate (Gal-1-P). To a lesser extent, is also able to phosphorylate 2-deoxy-D-galactose and D-galactosamine. Is not able to use D-galacturonic acid, D-talose, L-altrose, and L-glucose as substrates. Ref.5 Ref.7 Ref.8

Catalytic activity

ATP + D-galactose = ADP + alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate. Ref.5 Ref.7 Ref.8

Pathway

Carbohydrate metabolism; galactose metabolism. HAMAP-Rule MF_00246

Subcellular location

Cytoplasm Potential HAMAP-Rule MF_00246.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the GHMP kinase family. GalK subfamily.

Biophysicochemical properties

Kinetic parameters:

kcat is 108 min(-1), 30 min(-1) and 11.7 min(-1) with D-galactose, 2-deoxy-D-galactose, and D-galactosamine as substrate, respectively.

KM=2.1 mM for D-galactose Ref.7 Ref.8

KM=3.6 mM for 2-deoxy-D-galactose

KM=2.9 mM for D-galactosamine

KM=2.5 mM for ATP

Vmax=1.65 µmol/min/mg enzyme with D-galactose as substrate

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature keyPosition(s)LengthDescriptionGraphical viewFeature identifier

Molecule processing

Initiator methionine11Removed Ref.5
Chain2 – 382381Galactokinase HAMAP-Rule MF_00246
PRO_0000184607

Regions

Nucleotide binding124 – 1307ATP By similarity
Region34 – 374Substrate binding By similarity

Sites

Active site1741Proton acceptor By similarity
Metal binding1301Magnesium By similarity
Metal binding1621Magnesium By similarity
Binding site2231Substrate By similarity
Site281Transition state stabilizer By similarity

Experimental info

Mutagenesis3711Y → H: Displays relaxed substrate specificity since it gains kinase activity toward sugars as diverse as D-galacturonic acid, D-talose, L-altrose, and L-glucose. Also shows enhanced turnover of the small pool of sugars converted by the wild-type enzyme. Ref.8

Sequences

Sequence LengthMass (Da)Tools
P0A6T3 [UniParc].

Last modified January 23, 2007. Version 2.
Checksum: 7D886CE6FC48F0A1

FASTA38241,442
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MSLKEKTQSL FANAFGYPAT HTIQAPGRVN LIGEHTDYND GFVLPCAIDY QTVISCAPRD 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
DRKVRVMAAD YENQLDEFSL DAPIVAHENY QWANYVRGVV KHLQLRNNSF GGVDMVISGN 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
VPQGAGLSSS ASLEVAVGTV LQQLYHLPLD GAQIALNGQE AENQFVGCNC GIMDQLISAL 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
GKKDHALLID CRSLGTKAVS MPKGVAVVII NSNFKRTLVG SEYNTRREQC ETGARFFQQP 

       250        260        270        280        290        300 
ALRDVTIEEF NAVAHELDPI VAKRVRHILT ENARTVEAAS ALEQGDLKRM GELMAESHAS 

       310        320        330        340        350        360 
MRDDFEITVP QIDTLVEIVK AVIGDKGGVR MTGGGFGGCI VALIPEELVP AVQQAVAEQY 

       370        380 
EAKTGIKETF YVCKPSQGAG QC 

« Hide

References

« Hide 'large scale' references
[1]"Structure of the galactokinase gene of Escherichia coli, the last (?) gene of the gal operon."
Debouck C., Riccio A., Schumperli D., McKenney K., Jeffers J., Hughes C., Rosenberg M., Heusterspreute M., Brunel F., Davison J.
Nucleic Acids Res. 13:1841-1853(1985) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[2]"A 718-kb DNA sequence of the Escherichia coli K-12 genome corresponding to the 12.7-28.0 min region on the linkage map."
Oshima T., Aiba H., Baba T., Fujita K., Hayashi K., Honjo A., Ikemoto K., Inada T., Itoh T., Kajihara M., Kanai K., Kashimoto K., Kimura S., Kitagawa M., Makino K., Masuda S., Miki T., Mizobuchi K. expand/collapse author list , Mori H., Motomura K., Nakamura Y., Nashimoto H., Nishio Y., Saito N., Sampei G., Seki Y., Tagami H., Takemoto K., Wada C., Yamamoto Y., Yano M., Horiuchi T.
DNA Res. 3:137-155(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
Strain: K12 / W3110 / ATCC 27325 / DSM 5911.
[3]"The complete genome sequence of Escherichia coli K-12."
Blattner F.R., Plunkett G. III, Bloch C.A., Perna N.T., Burland V., Riley M., Collado-Vides J., Glasner J.D., Rode C.K., Mayhew G.F., Gregor J., Davis N.W., Kirkpatrick H.A., Goeden M.A., Rose D.J., Mau B., Shao Y.
Science 277:1453-1474(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
Strain: K12 / MG1655 / ATCC 47076.
[4]"Highly accurate genome sequences of Escherichia coli K-12 strains MG1655 and W3110."
Hayashi K., Morooka N., Yamamoto Y., Fujita K., Isono K., Choi S., Ohtsubo E., Baba T., Wanner B.L., Mori H., Horiuchi T.
Mol. Syst. Biol. 2:E1-E5(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
Strain: K12 / W3110 / ATCC 27325 / DSM 5911.
[5]"The NH2-terminal sequences of galactokinase from Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae."
Schlesinger D.H., Schell M.A., Wilson D.B.
FEBS Lett. 83:45-47(1977) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 2-20, FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY.
Strain: SA1310.
[6]"Dependence of lactose metabolism upon mutarotase encoded in the gal operon in Escherichia coli."
Bouffard G.G., Rudd K.E., Adhya S.L.
J. Mol. Biol. 244:269-278(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 371-382.
[7]"Studies on the substrate specificity of Escherichia coli galactokinase."
Yang J., Fu X., Jia Q., Shen J., Biggins J.B., Jiang J., Zhao J., Schmidt J.J., Wang P.G., Thorson J.S.
Org. Lett. 5:2223-2226(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITY, KINETIC PARAMETERS.
Strain: K12.
[8]"Creation of the first anomeric D/L-sugar kinase by means of directed evolution."
Hoffmeister D., Yang J., Liu L., Thorson J.S.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100:13184-13189(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITY, KINETIC PARAMETERS, MUTAGENESIS OF TYR-371.
Strain: K12.
[9]"Comparative modeling and genomics for galactokinase (Gal1p) enzyme."
Sharma A., Malakar P.
Bioinformation 5:422-429(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: 3D-STRUCTURE MODELING.
+Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBL
GenBank
DDBJ
X02306 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA26172.1.
U00096 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAC73844.1.
AP009048 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA35419.1.
U13636 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB17019.1.
PIRKIECGG. B23044.
RefSeqNP_415278.1. NC_000913.2.
YP_489030.1. NC_007779.1.

3D structure databases

ProteinModelPortalP0A6T3.
SMRP0A6T3. Positions 11-379.
ModBaseSearch...

Protein-protein interaction databases

STRING511145.b0757.

Proteomic databases

PaxDbP0A6T3.
PRIDEP0A6T3.

Protocols and materials databases

StructuralBiologyKnowledgebaseSearch...

Genome annotation databases

EnsemblBacteriaAAC73844; AAC73844; b0757.
BAA35419; BAA35419; BAA35419.
GeneID12932717.
945358.
KEGGecj:Y75_p0730.
eco:b0757.
PATRIC32116715. VBIEscCol129921_0783.

Organism-specific databases

EchoBASEEB0358.
EcoGeneEG10363. galK.

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGCOG0153.
HOGENOMHOG000241100.
KOK00849.
OMAMPCAINY.
ProtClustDBPRK05101.

Enzyme and pathway databases

BioCycEcoCyc:GALACTOKIN-MONOMER.
ECOL316407:JW0740-MONOMER.
MetaCyc:GALACTOKIN-MONOMER.
SABIO-RKP0A6T3.
UniPathwayUPA00214.

Gene expression databases

GenevestigatorP0A6T3.

Family and domain databases

Gene3D3.30.230.10. 1 hit.
HAMAPMF_00246. Galactokinase.
InterProIPR000705. Galactokinase.
IPR022963. Galactokinase_bac.
IPR019741. Galactokinase_CS.
IPR019539. GalKase_gal-bd.
IPR013750. GHMP_kinase_C_dom.
IPR006204. GHMP_kinase_N_dom.
IPR006203. GHMP_knse_ATP-bd_CS.
IPR006206. Mevalonate/galactokinase.
IPR020568. Ribosomal_S5_D2-typ_fold.
IPR014721. Ribosomal_S5_D2-typ_fold_subgr.
[Graphical view]
PfamPF10509. GalKase_gal_bdg. 1 hit.
PF08544. GHMP_kinases_C. 1 hit.
PF00288. GHMP_kinases_N. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
PIRSFPIRSF000530. Galactokinase. 1 hit.
PRINTSPR00473. GALCTOKINASE.
PR00959. MEVGALKINASE.
SUPFAMSSF54211. Ribosomal_S5_D2-typ_fold. 1 hit.
TIGRFAMsTIGR00131. gal_kin. 1 hit.
PROSITEPS00106. GALACTOKINASE. 1 hit.
PS00627. GHMP_KINASES_ATP. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
ProtoNetSearch...

Entry information

Entry nameGAL1_ECOLI
AccessionPrimary (citable) accession number: P0A6T3
Secondary accession number(s): P06976
Entry history
Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: April 1, 1988
Last sequence update: January 23, 2007
Last modified: May 1, 2013
This is version 74 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]
Entry statusReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation programProkaryotic Protein Annotation Program

Relevant documents

Escherichia coli

Escherichia coli (strain K12): entries and cross-references to EcoGene

PATHWAY comments

Index of metabolic and biosynthesis pathways

SIMILARITY comments

Index of protein domains and families