P09681 (GIP_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Gastric inhibitory polypeptide
Short name=GIP

Alternative name(s):
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide
Incretin hormone

Gene names

Name:

GIP

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	153 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Potent stimulator of insulin secretion and relatively poor inhibitor of gastric acid secretion.
Subcellular location	Secreted.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the glucagon family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Secreted
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Domain	Signal
Molecular function	Hormone
PTM	Cleavage on pair of basic residues
Technical term	3D-structure Complete proteome Direct protein sequencing Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	adult locomotory behavior Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara digestive system development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara endocrine pancreas development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara energy reserve metabolic process Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome exploration behavior Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara female pregnancy Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara long-term synaptic potentiation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara memory Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara positive regulation of glucagon secretion Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara positive regulation of glucose transport Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara positive regulation of insulin secretion Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara regulation of insulin secretion Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome response to amino acid stimulus Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara response to axon injury Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara response to drug Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara response to glucose stimulus Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara response to organic cyclic compound Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara response to peptide hormone stimulus Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara response to selenium ion Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara response to starvation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara sensory perception of pain Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara signal transduction Traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: ProtInc small molecule metabolic process Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome triglyceride homeostasis Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara
Cellular_component	endoplasmic reticulum lumen Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome extracellular region Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome neuronal cell body Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara secretory granule Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome
Molecular_function	hormone activity Traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: ProtInc
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature key

Position(s)

Length

Description

Graphical view

Feature identifier

Molecule processing

Signal peptide

1 – 21

21

Potential

Propeptide

22 – 50

29

PRO_0000011214

Peptide

52 – 93

42

Gastric inhibitory polypeptide Ref.4

PRO_0000011215

Propeptide

95 – 153

59

PRO_0000011216

Natural variations

Natural variant

103

1

S → G. Ref.3
Corresponds to variant rs2291725 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].

VAR_021897

Natural variant

146

1

N → S.
Corresponds to variant rs35703924 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].

VAR_033973

Secondary structure

1

.

.

.

.

.

.

153

Helix Strand Turn

Details...

Helix

57 – 79

23

Turn

80 – 82

3

Beta strand

86 – 88

3

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P09681 [UniParc]. Last modified July 1, 1989. Version 1. Checksum: 51F5FC388A8897EC	FASTA	153	17,108
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MVATKTFALL LLSLFLAVGL GEKKEGHFSA LPSLPVGSHA KVSSPQPRGP RYAEGTFISD 70 80 90 100 110 120 YSIAMDKIHQ QDFVNWLLAQ KGKKNDWKHN ITQREARALE LASQANRKEE EAVEPQSSPA 130 140 150 KNPSDEDLLR DLLIQELLAC LLDQTNLCRL RSR

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Sequence of an intestinal cDNA encoding human gastric inhibitory polypeptide precursor." Takeda J., Seino Y., Tanaka K., Fukumoto H., Kayano T., Takahashi H., Mitani T., Kurono M., Suzuki T., Tobe T., Imura H. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84:7005-7008(1987) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[2]	"Gastric inhibitory polypeptide: structure and chromosomal localization of the human gene." Inagaki N., Seino Y., Takeda J., Yano H., Yamada Y., Bell G.I., Eddy R.L. Jr., Fukushima Y., Byers M.G., Shows T.B., Imura H. Mol. Endocrinol. 3:1014-1021(1989) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[3]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA], VARIANT GLY-103.
[4]	"The isolation and sequencing of human gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP)." Moody A.J., Thim L., Valverde I. FEBS Lett. 172:142-148(1984) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 52-93.
[5]	"NMR structure of the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide fragment, GIP(1-30)amide." Alana I., Hewage C.M., Malthouse J.P., Parker J.C., Gault V.A., O'Harte F.P. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 325:281-286(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 52-81.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBL
GenBank
DDBJ

M18185 mRNA. Translation: AAA88043.1.
M31679 , M31675, M31676, M31677, M31678 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA53192.1.
BC069100 mRNA. Translation: AAH69100.1.
BC069663 mRNA. Translation: AAH69663.1.
BC069686 mRNA. Translation: AAH69686.1.
BC069746 mRNA. Translation: AAH69746.1.
BC096146 mRNA. Translation: AAH96146.1.
BC096147 mRNA. Translation: AAH96147.1.
BC096148 mRNA. Translation: AAH96148.1.
BC096149 mRNA. Translation: AAH96149.1.

IPI

IPI00015998.

PIR

A28406.

RefSeq

NP_004114.1. NM_004123.2.

UniGene

Hs.1454.

3D structure databases

PDBe
RCSB PDB
PDBj

Entry	Method	Resolution (Å)	Chain	Positions	PDBsum
1T5Q	NMR	-	A	52-81	[»]
2B4N	NMR	-	A	52-93	[»]
2L70	NMR	-	A	52-93	[»]
2L71	NMR	-	A	52-93	[»]
2OBU	NMR	-	A	52-93	[»]
2QKH	X-ray	1.90	B	52-93	[»]

ProteinModelPortal

P09681.

ModBase

Search...

Protein-protein interaction databases

DIP

DIP-46469N.

STRING

9606.ENSP00000350005.

PTM databases

PhosphoSite

P09681.

Polymorphism databases

DMDM

121194.

Proteomic databases

PaxDb

P09681.

PeptideAtlas

P09681.

PRIDE

P09681.

Protocols and materials databases

DNASU

2695.

StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase

Search...

Genome annotation databases

Ensembl

ENST00000357424; ENSP00000350005; ENSG00000159224.

GeneID

2695.

KEGG

hsa:2695.

UCSC

uc002iol.1. human.

Organism-specific databases

CTD

2695.

GeneCards

GC17M047037.

HGNC

HGNC:4270. GIP.

HPA

CAB016729.
HPA021612.

MIM

137240. gene.

neXtProt

NX_P09681.

PharmGKB

PA28681.

GenAtlas

Search...

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOG

NOG44984.

HOGENOM

HOG000112725.

HOVERGEN

HBG005839.

InParanoid

P09681.

KO

K05258.

OMA

IQELLAC.

OrthoDB

EOG40CHJF.

PhylomeDB

P09681.

Enzyme and pathway databases

Reactome

REACT_111102. Signal Transduction.
REACT_111217. Metabolism.

Gene expression databases

Bgee

P09681.

CleanEx

HS_GIP.

Genevestigator

P09681.

GermOnline

ENSG00000159224. Homo sapiens.

Family and domain databases

InterPro

IPR000532. Glucagon_GIP_secretin_VIP.
[Graphical view]

Pfam

PF00123. Hormone_2. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

SMART

SM00070. GLUCA. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

PROSITE

PS00260. GLUCAGON. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

ProtoNet

Search...

Other

BindingDB

P09681.

ChEMBL

CHEMBL5571.

EvolutionaryTrace

P09681.

GenomeRNAi

2695.

NextBio

10660.

SOURCE

Search...

Entry information

Entry name

GIP_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P09681
Secondary accession number(s): Q4VB42, Q6NTD3

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 1, 1989
Last sequence update:	July 1, 1989
Last modified:	May 1, 2013
This is version 117 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.