Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P09429 (HMGB1_HUMAN)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    High mobility group protein B1
Alternative name(s):
    High mobility group protein 1
      Short name=HMG-1

Gene names

Name:	HMGB1
Synonyms:	HMG1

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	215 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Binds preferentially single-stranded DNA and unwinds double stranded DNA.
Subcellular location	Nucleus.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the HMGB family. Contains 2 HMG box DNA-binding domains.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Chromosomal protein Nucleus
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Domain	Repeat
Ligand	DNA-binding
PTM	Acetylation Phosphoprotein
Technical term	3D-structure Direct protein sequencing
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	DNA recombination Traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB DNA unwinding during replication Non-traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB anti-apoptosis Traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB base-excision repair, DNA ligation Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB establishment or maintenance of chromatin architecture Traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB negative regulation of transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB signal transduction Traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB
Cellular component	condensed chromosome Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB nucleolus Inferred from direct assay. Source: HPA
Molecular function	DNA bending activity Traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB transcription factor binding Traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB
Complete GO annotation...

Binary interactions

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
TP53	P04637	1	EBI-389432,EBI-366083
TP73	O15350	1	EBI-389432,EBI-389606

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Initiator methionine	1	1	Removed
	Chain	2 – 215	214	High mobility group protein B1		PRO_0000048526
Regions
	DNA binding	9 – 79	71	HMG box 1
	DNA binding	95 – 163	69	HMG box 2
	Compositional bias	186 – 215	30	Asp/Glu-rich (acidic)
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	30	1	N6-acetyllysine Ref.15
	Modified residue	35	1	Phosphoserine Ref.16 Ref.17
	Modified residue	100	1	Phosphoserine Ref.17
Natural variations
	Natural variant	11	1	G → R in gastric-carcinoma cell line. Ref.3		VAR_046451
	Natural variant	149	1	A → E in gastric-carcinoma cell line. Ref.3		VAR_046452
	Natural variant	156	1	E → Q Ref.10		VAR_046453
	Natural variant	190	1	D → G in gastric-carcinoma cell line. Ref.3		VAR_046454
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	143	1	P → H in AAI41845. Ref.13
	Sequence conflict	215	1	E → D in CAG33144. Ref.8

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P09429-1 [UniParc]. Last modified January 23, 2007. Version 3. Checksum: 8A868CF277D417B5	FASTA	215	24,894
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MGKGDPKKPR GKMSSYAFFV QTCREEHKKK HPDASVNFSE FSKKCSERWK TMSAKEKGKF 70 80 90 100 110 120 EDMAKADKAR YEREMKTYIP PKGETKKKFK DPNAPKRPPS AFFLFCSEYR PKIKGEHPGL 130 140 150 160 170 180 SIGDVAKKLG EMWNNTAADD KQPYEKKAAK LKEKYEKDIA AYRAKGKPDA AKKGVVKAEK 190 200 210 SKKKKEEEED EEDEEDEEEE EDEEDEDEEE DDDDE

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"A human placental cDNA clone that encodes nonhistone chromosomal protein HMG-1." Wen L., Huang J.K., Johnson B.H., Reeck G.R. Nucleic Acids Res. 17:1197-1214(1989) [PubMed: 2922262] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[2]	"The active gene that encodes human high mobility group 1 protein (HMG1) contains introns and maps to chromosome 13." Ferrari S., Finelli P., Rocchi M., Bianchi M.E. Genomics 35:367-371(1996) [PubMed: 8661151] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[3]	"Expression of high-mobility group-1 mRNA in human gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma and corresponding non-cancerous mucosa." Xiang Y.-Y., Wang D.-Y., Tanaka M., Suzuki M., Kiyokawa E., Igarashi H., Niato Y., Shen Q., Sugimura H. Int. J. Cancer 74:1-6(1997) [PubMed: 9036861] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], VARIANTS ARG-11; GLU-149 AND GLY-190.
[4]	"The genetic variation of the human HMGB1 gene." Kornblit B., Munthe-Fog L., Petersen S., Madsen H., Vindeloev L., Garred P. Tissue Antigens 70:151-156(2007) [PubMed: 17610420] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[5]	He F.T., Yang Z.H., Ji Q., Li R., Peng J., Jiang Y., Zhong X. Submitted (SEP-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[6]	"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. , Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed: 14702039] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Cerebellum.
[7]	The German cDNA consortium Submitted (AUG-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Small intestine.
[8]	"Cloning of human full open reading frames in Gateway(TM) system entry vector (pDONR201)." Ebert L., Schick M., Neubert P., Schatten R., Henze S., Korn B. Submitted (JUN-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
[9]	"Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector." Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S., Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y., Phelan M., Farmer A. Submitted (OCT-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
[10]	SeattleSNPs variation discovery resource Submitted (JUL-2007) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], VARIANT GLN-156.
[11]	"The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 13." Dunham A., Matthews L.H., Burton J., Ashurst J.L., Howe K.L., Ashcroft K.J., Beare D.M., Burford D.C., Hunt S.E., Griffiths-Jones S., Jones M.C., Keenan S.J., Oliver K., Scott C.E., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Ambrose K.D., Andrews D.T. , Ashwell R.I.S., Babbage A.K., Bagguley C.L., Bailey J., Bannerjee R., Barlow K.F., Bates K., Beasley H., Bird C.P., Bray-Allen S., Brown A.J., Brown J.Y., Burrill W., Carder C., Carter N.P., Chapman J.C., Clamp M.E., Clark S.Y., Clarke G., Clee C.M., Clegg S.C., Cobley V., Collins J.E., Corby N., Coville G.J., Deloukas P., Dhami P., Dunham I., Dunn M., Earthrowl M.E., Ellington A.G., Faulkner L., Frankish A.G., Frankland J., French L., Garner P., Garnett J., Gilbert J.G.R., Gilson C.J., Ghori J., Grafham D.V., Gribble S.M., Griffiths C., Hall R.E., Hammond S., Harley J.L., Hart E.A., Heath P.D., Howden P.J., Huckle E.J., Hunt P.J., Hunt A.R., Johnson C., Johnson D., Kay M., Kimberley A.M., King A., Laird G.K., Langford C.J., Lawlor S., Leongamornlert D.A., Lloyd D.M., Lloyd C., Loveland J.E., Lovell J., Martin S., Mashreghi-Mohammadi M., McLaren S.J., McMurray A., Milne S., Moore M.J.F., Nickerson T., Palmer S.A., Pearce A.V., Peck A.I., Pelan S., Phillimore B., Porter K.M., Rice C.M., Searle S., Sehra H.K., Shownkeen R., Skuce C.D., Smith M., Steward C.A., Sycamore N., Tester J., Thomas D.W., Tracey A., Tromans A., Tubby B., Wall M., Wallis J.M., West A.P., Whitehead S.L., Willey D.L., Wilming L., Wray P.W., Wright M.W., Young L., Coulson A., Durbin R.M., Hubbard T., Sulston J.E., Beck S., Bentley D.R., Rogers J., Ross M.T. Nature 428:522-528(2004) [PubMed: 15057823] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[12]	Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. , Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H., Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K., Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D., Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C. Submitted (JUL-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[13]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Brain, Cervix and Testis.
[14]	"Two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis of human breast carcinoma proteins: mapping of proteins that bind to the SH3 domain of mixed lineage kinase MLK2." Rasmussen R.K., Ji H., Eddes J.S., Moritz R.L., Reid G.E., Simpson R.J., Dorow D.S. Electrophoresis 18:588-598(1997) [PubMed: 9150946] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 58-65 AND 113-127. Tissue: Mammary carcinoma.
[15]	"Substrate and functional diversity of lysine acetylation revealed by a proteomics survey." Kim S.C., Sprung R., Chen Y., Xu Y., Ball H., Pei J., Cheng T., Kho Y., Xiao H., Xiao L., Grishin N.V., White M., Yang X.-J., Zhao Y. Mol. Cell 23:607-618(2006) [PubMed: 16916647] [Abstract] Cited for: ACETYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT LYS-30, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Epithelium.
[16]	"Global proteomic profiling of phosphopeptides using electron transfer dissociation tandem mass spectrometry." Molina H., Horn D.M., Tang N., Mathivanan S., Pandey A. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104:2199-2204(2007) [PubMed: 17287340] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-35, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[17]	"A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation." Dephoure N., Zhou C., Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Bakalarski C.E., Elledge S.J., Gygi S.P. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10762-10767(2008) [PubMed: 18669648] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-35 AND SER-100, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[18]	Colinge J., Superti-Furga G., Bennett K.L. Submitted (OCT-2008) to UniProtKB Cited for: IDENTIFICATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS], MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[19]	"Solution structure of the tandem HMG box domain from human high mobility group protein B1." RIKEN structural genomics initiative (RSGI) Submitted (FEB-2008) to the PDB data bank Cited for: STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 1-166.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Web resources

SeattleSNPs

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBLGenBankDDBJ

X12597 mRNA. Translation: CAA31110.1.
U51677 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB08987.1.
D63874 mRNA. Translation: BAA09924.1.
EF157968 Genomic DNA. Translation: ABM47301.1.
AY377859 mRNA. Translation: AAQ91389.1.
AK291494 mRNA. Translation: BAF84183.1.
AK122825 mRNA. Translation: BAG53745.1.
CR749614 mRNA. Translation: CAH18408.1.
CR456863 mRNA. Translation: CAG33144.1.
BT006940 mRNA. Translation: AAP35586.1.
BT020159 mRNA. Translation: AAV38961.1.
EU012027 Genomic DNA. Translation: ABS29271.1.
AL353648 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI15600.1.
CH471075 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAX08457.1.
BC003378 mRNA. Translation: AAH03378.1.
BC030981 mRNA. Translation: AAH30981.1.
BC066889 mRNA. Translation: AAH66889.1.
BC067732 mRNA. Translation: AAH67732.1.
BC141844 mRNA. Translation: AAI41845.1.

IPI

IPI00419258.

PIR

S02826.

RefSeq

NP_002119.1.

UniGene

Hs.593339
Hs.644368
Hs.714718

3D structure databases

PDBPDBe

Entry	Method	Resolution (Å)	Chain	Positions	PDBsum
2YRQ	NMR	-	A	1-166	[»]

ModBase

Search...

Protein-protein interaction databases

DIP

DIP:24195N.

IntAct

P09429. 7 interactions.

PTM databases

PhosphoSite

P09429.

2-D gel databases

DOSAC-COBS-2DPAGE

P09429.

Proteomic databases

PeptideAtlas

P09429.

PRIDE

P09429.

Genome annotation databases

Ensembl

ENSG00000189403. Homo sapiens. [Contig view]

GeneID

3146.

KEGG

hsa:3146.

Organism-specific databases

GeneCards

GC13M029930.
GC22P025275.

H-InvDB

HIX0011209.
HIX0030745.
HIX0059248.

HGNC

HGNC:4983. HMGB1.

HPA

CAB005873.
HPA003506.

MIM

163905. gene.

PharmGKB

PA188.

GenAtlas

Search...

Phylogenomic databases

HOGENOM

P09429.

HOVERGEN

P09429.

OMA

P09429. MWNSSSA.

Enzyme and pathway databases

Pathway_Interaction_DB

amb2_neutrophils_pathway. amb2 Integrin signaling.

Gene expression databases

ArrayExpress

P09429.

Bgee

P09429.

CleanEx

HS_HMGB1.

GermOnline

ENSG00000189403. Homo sapiens.

Family and domain databases

InterPro

IPR017967. HMG_boxA_CS.
IPR000910. HMG_HMG1/HMG2.
IPR000135. HMG_HMG1/HMG2_subgr.
[Graphical view]

Gene3D

G3DSA:1.10.30.10. HMG-box. 2 hits.

Pfam

PF00505. HMG_box. 2 hits.
[Graphical view]

PRINTS

PR00886. HIGHMOBLTY12.

SMART

SM00398. HMG. 2 hits.
[Graphical view]

PROSITE

PS00353. HMG_BOX_1. 1 hit.
PS50118. HMG_BOX_2. 2 hits.
[Graphical view]

ProtoNet

Search...

Other Resources

NextBio

12470.

SOURCE

Search...

Entry information

Entry name

HMGB1_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P09429
Secondary accession number(s): A5D8W9 , Q14321, Q5T7C3, Q6IBE1

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 1, 1989
Last sequence update:	January 23, 2007
Last modified:	June 16, 2009
This is version 101 of the entry and version 3 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

HPI (Human Proteome Initiative)