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Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P09341 (GROA_HUMAN)

Last modified February 9, 2010. Version 114. Feed History...

Clusters with 100%, 90%, 50% identity | Documents (4) | Third-party data | Customize display text xml rdf/xml gff fasta
Names and origin · Protein attributes · General annotation (Comments) · Ontologies · Sequence annotation (Features) · Sequences · References · Web resources · Cross-references · Entry information · Relevant documents

Names and origin

Protein namesRecommended name:
    Growth-regulated alpha protein
Alternative name(s):
    C-X-C motif chemokine 1
    Melanoma growth stimulatory activity
      Short name=MGSA
    Neutrophil-activating protein 3
      Short name=NAP-3
    GRO-alpha(1-73)
Cleaved into the following 3 chains:
    1- Recommended name:
            GRO-alpha(4-73)
    2- Recommended name:
            GRO-alpha(5-73)
    3- Recommended name:
            GRO-alpha(6-73)
Gene names
Name: CXCL1
Synonyms: GRO, GRO1, GROA, MGSA, SCYB1
OrganismHomo sapiens (Human) [Complete proteome]
Taxonomic identifier9606 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageEukaryotaMetazoaChordataCraniataVertebrataEuteleostomiMammaliaEutheriaEuarchontogliresPrimatesHaplorrhiniCatarrhiniHominidaeHomo

Protein attributes

Sequence length107 AA.
Sequence statusComplete.
Sequence processingThe displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existenceEvidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function

Has chemotactic activity for neutrophils. May play a role in inflammation and exerts its effects on endothelial cells in an autocrine fashion. In vitro, the processed forms GRO-alpha(4-73), GRO-alpha(5-73) and GRO-alpha(6-73) show a 30-fold higher chemotactic activity. Ref.6 Ref.11

Subcellular location

Secreted.

Post-translational modification

N-terminal processed forms GRO-alpha(4-73), GRO-alpha(5-73) and GRO-alpha(6-73) are produced by proteolytic cleavage after secretion from peripheral blood monocytes.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family.

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature keyPosition(s)LengthDescriptionGraphical viewFeature identifier

Molecule processing

Signal peptide1 – 3434 Ref.6 Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.9 Ref.10
Chain35 – 10773Growth-regulated alpha protein
PRO_0000005049
Chain38 – 10770GRO-alpha(4-73)
PRO_0000005050
Chain39 – 10769GRO-alpha(5-73)
PRO_0000005051
Chain40 – 10768GRO-alpha(6-73)
PRO_0000005052

Amino acid modifications

Disulfide bond43 ↔ 69
Disulfide bond45 ↔ 85

Secondary structure

.......... 107
Helix Strand Turn

Details...

Sequences

Sequence LengthMass (Da)Tools
P09341-1 [UniParc].

Last modified July 1, 1989. Version 1.
Checksum: 17048A6B4D765CA2

FASTA10711,301
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MARAALSAAP SNPRLLRVAL LLLLLVAAGR RAAGASVATE LRCQCLQTLQ GIHPKNIQSV 

        70         80         90        100 
NVKSPGPHCA QTEVIATLKN GRKACLNPAS PIVKKIIEKM LNSDKSN 

« Hide

References

« Hide 'large scale' references
[1]"Constitutive overexpression of a growth-regulated gene in transformed Chinese hamster and human cells."
Anisowicz A., Bardwell L., Sager R.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84:7188-7192(1987) [PubMed: 2890161] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[2]"Molecular characterization and chromosomal mapping of melanoma growth stimulatory activity, a growth factor structurally related to beta-thromboglobulin."
Richmond A., Balentien E., Thomas H.G., Flaggs G., Barton D.E., Spiess J., Bordoni R., Francke U., Derynck R.
EMBO J. 7:2025-2033(1988) [PubMed: 2970963] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[3]"Nucleotide sequence of the human melanoma growth stimulatory activity (MGSA) gene."
Baker N.E., Kucera G., Richmond A.
Nucleic Acids Res. 18:6453-6453(1990) [PubMed: 2129556] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
Tissue: Blood.
[4]"Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector."
Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S., Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y., Phelan M., Farmer A.
Submitted (MAY-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
[5]"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."
The MGC Project Team
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
Tissue: Ovary.
[6]"Isolation of the CXC chemokines ENA-78, GRO alpha and GRO gamma from tumor cells and leukocytes reveals NH2-terminal heterogeneity. Functional comparison of different natural isoforms."
Wuyts A., Govaerts C., Struyf S., Lenaerts J.-P., Put W., Conings R., Proost P., Van Damme J.
Eur. J. Biochem. 260:421-429(1999) [PubMed: 10095777] [Abstract]
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 35-107, IDENTIFICATION OF GRO-ALPHA(4-73); GRO-ALPHA(5-73) AND GRO-ALPHA(6-73), PROTEOLYTIC PROCESSING OF N-TERMINAL, FUNCTION.
Tissue: Peripheral blood monocyte.
[7]"Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated human monocytes secrete, apart from neutrophil-activating peptide 1/interleukin 8, a second neutrophil-activating protein. NH2-terminal amino acid sequence identity with melanoma growth stimulatory activity."
Schroeder J.-M., Persoon N.L.M., Christophers E.
J. Exp. Med. 171:1091-1100(1990) [PubMed: 2182761] [Abstract]
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 35-65.
[8]"Inflammatory cytokines induce synthesis and secretion of gro protein and a neutrophil chemotactic factor but not beta 2-microglobulin in human synovial cells and fibroblasts."
Golds E.E., Mason P., Nyirkos P.
Biochem. J. 259:585-588(1989) [PubMed: 2655583] [Abstract]
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 35-57.
[9]"Biochemical and biological characterization of NAP-1/IL-8-related cytokines in lesional psoriatic scale."
Schroeder J.-M.
Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 305:97-107(1991) [PubMed: 1755384] [Abstract]
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 35-51.
Tissue: Skin.
[10]"Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites."
Zhang Z., Henzel W.J.
Protein Sci. 13:2819-2824(2004) [PubMed: 15340161] [Abstract]
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 35-49.
[11]"Expression and secretion of gro/MGSA by stimulated human endothelial cells."
Wen D., Rowland A., Derynck R.
EMBO J. 8:1761-1766(1989) [PubMed: 2670560] [Abstract]
Cited for: POSSIBLE FUNCTION.
[12]"1H assignment and secondary structure determination of human melanoma growth stimulating activity (MGSA) by NMR spectroscopy."
Fairbrother W.J., Reilly D., Colby T., Horuk R.
FEBS Lett. 330:302-306(1993) [PubMed: 8397104] [Abstract]
Cited for: STRUCTURE BY NMR.
[13]"The solution structure of melanoma growth stimulating activity."
Fairbrother W.J., Reilly D., Colby T., Hesselgesser J., Horuk R.
J. Mol. Biol. 242:252-270(1994) [PubMed: 8089846] [Abstract]
Cited for: STRUCTURE BY NMR.
[14]"Solution structure of GRO/melanoma growth stimulatory activity determined by 1H NMR spectroscopy."
Kim K.S., Clark-Lewis I., Sykes B.D.
J. Biol. Chem. 269:32909-32915(1994) [PubMed: 7806518] [Abstract]
Cited for: STRUCTURE BY NMR.
+Additional computationally mapped references.

Web resources

Wikipedia

CXCL1 entry

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBL
GenBank
DDBJ
J03561 mRNA. Translation: AAA35933.1.
X12510 mRNA. Translation: CAA31027.1.
X54489 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA38361.1.
BT006880 mRNA. Translation: AAP35526.1.
BC011976 mRNA. Translation: AAH11976.1.
IPIIPI00013874.
PIRA28414. S13669.
RefSeqNP_001502.1.
UniGeneHs.789

3D structure databases

PDBe
RCSB PDB
PDBj
EntryMethodResolution (Å)ChainPositionsPDBsum
1MGSNMR-A/B35-107[»]
1MSGNMR-A/B35-106[»]
1MSHNMR-A/B35-106[»]
1RODNMR-A/B66-107[»]
ModBaseSearch...

Protein-protein interaction databases

DIPDIP-5896N.
STRINGP09341.

Proteomic databases

PRIDEP09341.

Genome annotation databases

EnsemblENST00000395761; ENSP00000379110; ENSG00000163739; Homo sapiens. [Genome view]
GeneID2919.
KEGGhsa:2919.
UCSCuc003hhh.1. human.

Organism-specific databases

CTD2919.
GeneCardsGC04P074974.
H-InvDBHIX0004283.
HGNCHGNC:4602. CXCL1.
MIM155730. gene.
PharmGKBPA35050.
GenAtlasSearch...

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGprNOG21283.
HOGENOMHBG444970.
HOVERGENP09341.
InParanoidP09341.
OMAHFKNIQS.
OrthoDBEOG9RBT3V.

Enzyme and pathway databases

Pathway_Interaction_DBil23pathway. IL23-mediated signaling events.
ReactomeREACT_14797. Signaling by GPCR.

Gene expression databases

ArrayExpressP09341.
BgeeP09341.
CleanExHS_CXCL1.
GenevestigatorP09341.

Family and domain databases

InterProIPR002473. C-X-C/Interlkn_8.
IPR001811. Chemokine_IL8.
IPR001089. CXC_chmkine_smll.
IPR018048. Small_chemokine_CXC_CS.
[Graphical view]
PfamPF00048. IL8. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
PRINTSPR00436. INTERLEUKIN8.
PR00437. SMALLCYTKCXC.
SMARTSM00199. SCY. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
PROSITEPS00471. SMALL_CYTOKINES_CXC. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
ProtoNetSearch...

Other Resources

NextBio11573.
PMAP-CutDBP09341.
SOURCESearch...

Entry information

Entry nameGROA_HUMAN
AccessionPrimary (citable) accession number: P09341
Secondary accession number(s): Q9UCR7
Entry history
Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: July 1, 1989
Last sequence update: July 1, 1989
Last modified: February 9, 2010
This is version 114 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]
Entry statusReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation projectHPI (Human Proteome Initiative)
DisclaimerAny medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.

Relevant documents

Human chromosome 4

Human chromosome 4: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM

MIM cross-references

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

PDB cross-references

Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references

SIMILARITY comments

Index of protein domains and families

Names and origin · Protein attributes · General annotation (Comments) · Ontologies · Sequence annotation (Features) · Sequences · References · Web resources · Cross-references · Entry information · Relevant documents