Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P09040 (DSK_DROME)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Drosulfakinins
Cleaved into the following 3 chains:
    1- Recommended name:
            Drosulfakinin-0
                Short name=DSK-0
    2- Recommended name:
            Drosulfakinin-1
        Alternative name(s):
            Drosulfakinin I
              Short name=DSK-I
    3- Recommended name:
            Drosulfakinin-2
        Alternative name(s):
            Drosulfakinin II
              Short name=DSK-II

Gene names

Name:	Dsk
ORF Names:	CG18090

Organism

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

7227 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Arthropoda › Hexapoda › Insecta › Pterygota › Neoptera › Endopterygota › Diptera › Brachycera › Muscomorpha › Ephydroidea › Drosophilidae › Drosophila › Sophophora

Protein attributes

Sequence length	141 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Drosulfakinin-0 (DSK 0) plays diverse biological roles including regulating gut muscle contraction in adults but not in larvae. Ref.9
Subcellular location	Secreted.
Tissue specificity	Expressed in larval brain tissue localizing to cells in the anterior and medial protocerebrum. Expressed in cells in the brain lobe, optic lobe, subesophageal ganglion, thoracic ganglia and the eighth abdominal neuromere. Drosulfakinin-0 is expressed in the central nervous system including the subesophageal ganglion and an abdominal ganglion. Ref.9 Ref.1 Ref.7 Ref.8
Developmental stage	Expressed at all developmental stages. Ref.8
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the gastrin/cholecystokinin family.
Sequence caution	The sequence AAB03703.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift at position 10.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Secreted
Domain	Signal
Molecular function	Hormone
PTM	Amidation Cleavage on pair of basic residues Sulfation
Technical term	Complete proteome Direct protein sequencing
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	neuropeptide signaling pathway Non-traceable author statement. Source: FlyBase smooth muscle contraction Ref.9 Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: UniProtKB
Cellular component	extracellular region Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	neuropeptide hormone activity Traceable author statement. Source: FlyBase
Complete GO annotation...

Binary interactions

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
CG9928-RA	Q9VK39	1	EBI-135576,EBI-135588
Ptr	Q9V9L4	1	EBI-135576,EBI-174538

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 33	33	Potential
	Propeptide	34 – 73	40			PRO_0000010666
	Peptide	76 – 82	7	Drosulfakinin-0 Potential		PRO_0000010667
	Propeptide	86 – 111	26			PRO_0000010668
	Peptide	114 – 122	9	Drosulfakinin-1 Potential		PRO_0000010669
	Peptide	126 – 139	14	Drosulfakinin-2		PRO_0000010670
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	82	1	Phenylalanine amide Potential
	Modified residue	117	1	Sulfotyrosine Potential
	Modified residue	122	1	Phenylalanine amide Potential
	Modified residue	134	1	Sulfotyrosine
	Modified residue	139	1	Phenylalanine amide

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P09040-1 [UniParc]. Last modified August 15, 2003. Version 2. Checksum: 496AD66494696C88	FASTA	141	16,151
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MGPRSCTHFA TLFMPLWALA FCFLVVLPIP AQTTSLQNAK DDRRLQELES KIGGEIDQPI 70 80 90 100 110 120 ANLVGPSFSL FGDRRNQKTM SFGRRVPLIS RPIIPIELDL LMDNDDERTK AKRFDDYGHM 130 140 RFGKRGGDDQ FDDYGHMRFG R

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Identification and characterization of a Drosophila homologue to the vertebrate neuropeptide cholecystokinin." Nichols R., Schneuwly S.A., Dixon J.E. J. Biol. Chem. 263:12167-12170(1988) [PubMed: 2842322] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], TISSUE SPECIFICITY. Strain: Canton-S.
[2]	"A molecular phylogeny for the Drosophila melanogaster subgroup." Ke F. Submitted (APR-2008) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[3]	"The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster." Adams M.D., Celniker S.E., Holt R.A., Evans C.A., Gocayne J.D., Amanatides P.G., Scherer S.E., Li P.W., Hoskins R.A., Galle R.F., George R.A., Lewis S.E., Richards S., Ashburner M., Henderson S.N., Sutton G.G., Wortman J.R., Yandell M.D. , Zhang Q., Chen L.X., Brandon R.C., Rogers Y.-H.C., Blazej R.G., Champe M., Pfeiffer B.D., Wan K.H., Doyle C., Baxter E.G., Helt G., Nelson C.R., Miklos G.L.G., Abril J.F., Agbayani A., An H.-J., Andrews-Pfannkoch C., Baldwin D., Ballew R.M., Basu A., Baxendale J., Bayraktaroglu L., Beasley E.M., Beeson K.Y., Benos P.V., Berman B.P., Bhandari D., Bolshakov S., Borkova D., Botchan M.R., Bouck J., Brokstein P., Brottier P., Burtis K.C., Busam D.A., Butler H., Cadieu E., Center A., Chandra I., Cherry J.M., Cawley S., Dahlke C., Davenport L.B., Davies P., de Pablos B., Delcher A., Deng Z., Mays A.D., Dew I., Dietz S.M., Dodson K., Doup L.E., Downes M., Dugan-Rocha S., Dunkov B.C., Dunn P., Durbin K.J., Evangelista C.C., Ferraz C., Ferriera S., Fleischmann W., Fosler C., Gabrielian A.E., Garg N.S., Gelbart W.M., Glasser K., Glodek A., Gong F., Gorrell J.H., Gu Z., Guan P., Harris M., Harris N.L., Harvey D.A., Heiman T.J., Hernandez J.R., Houck J., Hostin D., Houston K.A., Howland T.J., Wei M.-H., Ibegwam C., Jalali M., Kalush F., Karpen G.H., Ke Z., Kennison J.A., Ketchum K.A., Kimmel B.E., Kodira C.D., Kraft C.L., Kravitz S., Kulp D., Lai Z., Lasko P., Lei Y., Levitsky A.A., Li J.H., Li Z., Liang Y., Lin X., Liu X., Mattei B., McIntosh T.C., McLeod M.P., McPherson D., Merkulov G., Milshina N.V., Mobarry C., Morris J., Moshrefi A., Mount S.M., Moy M., Murphy B., Murphy L., Muzny D.M., Nelson D.L., Nelson D.R., Nelson K.A., Nixon K., Nusskern D.R., Pacleb J.M., Palazzolo M., Pittman G.S., Pan S., Pollard J., Puri V., Reese M.G., Reinert K., Remington K., Saunders R.D.C., Scheeler F., Shen H., Shue B.C., Siden-Kiamos I., Simpson M., Skupski M.P., Smith T.J., Spier E., Spradling A.C., Stapleton M., Strong R., Sun E., Svirskas R., Tector C., Turner R., Venter E., Wang A.H., Wang X., Wang Z.-Y., Wassarman D.A., Weinstock G.M., Weissenbach J., Williams S.M., Woodage T., Worley K.C., Wu D., Yang S., Yao Q.A., Ye J., Yeh R.-F., Zaveri J.S., Zhan M., Zhang G., Zhao Q., Zheng L., Zheng X.H., Zhong F.N., Zhong W., Zhou X., Zhu S.C., Zhu X., Smith H.O., Gibbs R.A., Myers E.W., Rubin G.M., Venter J.C. Science 287:2185-2195(2000) [PubMed: 10731132] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: Berkeley.
[4]	"Annotation of the Drosophila melanogaster euchromatic genome: a systematic review." Misra S., Crosby M.A., Mungall C.J., Matthews B.B., Campbell K.S., Hradecky P., Huang Y., Kaminker J.S., Millburn G.H., Prochnik S.E., Smith C.D., Tupy J.L., Whitfield E.J., Bayraktaroglu L., Berman B.P., Bettencourt B.R., Celniker S.E., de Grey A.D.N.J. , Drysdale R.A., Harris N.L., Richter J., Russo S., Schroeder A.J., Shu S.Q., Stapleton M., Yamada C., Ashburner M., Gelbart W.M., Rubin G.M., Lewis S.E. Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0083.1-RESEARCH0083.22(2002) [PubMed: 12537572] [Abstract] Cited for: GENOME REANNOTATION.
[5]	"A Drosophila full-length cDNA resource." Stapleton M., Carlson J.W., Brokstein P., Yu C., Champe M., George R.A., Guarin H., Kronmiller B., Pacleb J.M., Park S., Wan K.H., Rubin G.M., Celniker S.E. Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0080.1-RESEARCH0080.8(2002) [PubMed: 12537569] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: Berkeley. Tissue: Head.
[6]	"Peptidomics of the larval Drosophila melanogaster central nervous system." Baggerman G., Cerstiaens A., De Loof A., Schoofs L. J. Biol. Chem. 277:40368-40374(2002) [PubMed: 12171930] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 126-139, SULFATION AT TYR-134, AMIDATION. Tissue: Larva.
[7]	"Immunocytochemistry of sequence-related neuropeptides in Drosophila." Tibbetts M.F., Nichols R. Neuropeptides 24:321-325(1993) [PubMed: 8350979] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[8]	"Spatial and temporal immunocytochemical analysis of drosulfakinin (Dsk) gene products in the Drosophila melanogaster central nervous system." Nichols R., Lim I.A. Cell Tissue Res. 283:107-116(1996) [PubMed: 8581950] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
[9]	"The drosulfakinin 0 (DSK 0) peptide encoded in the conserved Dsk gene affects adult Drosophila melanogaster crop contractions." Palmer G.C., Tran T., Duttlinger A., Nichols R. J. Insect Physiol. 53:1125-1133(2007) [PubMed: 17632121] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. Strain: Oregon-R.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	J03957 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB03703.1. Frameshift. EU635459 Genomic DNA. Translation: ACC99368.1. AE014297 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF52173.2. AY113595 mRNA. Translation: AAM29600.1.
PIR	A31101.
RefSeq	NP_524845.2.
UniGene	Dm.20555
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
DIP	DIP:19456N.
IntAct	P09040. 3 interactions.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	FBgn0000500. Drosophila melanogaster. [Contig view]
GeneID	45845.
KEGG	dme:Dmel_CG18090.
NMPDR	fig|7227.3.peg.5658.
Organism-specific databases
FlyBase	FBgn0000500. Dsk.
Phylogenomic databases
HOGENOM	P09040.
OMA	P09040. DDQFDDY.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyc	DMEL-XXX-02:DMEL-XXX-02-009851-MON.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	P09040.
GermOnline	CG18090. Drosophila melanogaster.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR013152. Gastrin/cholecystokinin_CS. IPR013259. Sulfakinin. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF08257. Sulfakinin. 2 hits. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS00259. GASTRIN. 2 hits. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other Resources
NextBio	838409.

Entry information

Entry name

DSK_DROME

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P09040
Secondary accession number(s): B2ZB94, Q8MYU9, Q9VMY4

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	November 1, 1988
Last sequence update:	August 15, 2003
Last modified:	June 16, 2009
This is version 90 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

Drosophila annotation project