Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P07498 (CASK_HUMAN)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Kappa-casein

Gene names

Name:	CSN3
Synonyms:	CASK, CSN10, CSNK

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	182 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Kappa-casein stabilizes micelle formation, preventing casein precipitation in milk.
Subunit structure	Heteromultimers composed of alpha-s1 casein and kappa casein linked by disulfide bonds.
Subcellular location	Secreted.
Tissue specificity	Mammary gland specific. Secreted in milk.
Post-translational modification	The N-terminus is blocked.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the kappa-casein family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Secreted
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Domain	Signal
Molecular function	Milk protein
PTM	Disulfide bond Glycoprotein Phosphoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome Direct protein sequencing
Gene Ontology (GO)
Cellular component	extracellular region Non-traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 20	20
	Chain	21 – 182	162	Kappa-casein		PRO_0000004498
Sites
	Site	117 – 118	2	Cleavage; by chymosin/rennin
Amino acid modifications
	Glycosylation	133	1	O-linked (GalNAc...) Ref.6
	Glycosylation	143	1	O-linked (GalNAc...) Ref.6
	Glycosylation	148	1	O-linked (GalNAc...) Ref.6
	Glycosylation	151	1	O-linked (GalNAc...) Ref.6
	Glycosylation	157	1	O-linked (GalNAc...) Ref.6
	Glycosylation	167	1	O-linked (GalNAc...) Ref.6
	Glycosylation	169	1	O-linked (GalNAc...) Ref.6
Natural variations
	Natural variant	75	1	Y → C: dbSNP rs17850702. Ref.4		VAR_026338
	Natural variant	110	1	R → L: dbSNP rs1048152. Ref.3		VAR_026339
	Natural variant	145	1	A → T: dbSNP rs3775739. Ref.1		VAR_026340
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	25 – 27	3	QKQ → EQK AA sequence Ref.5
	Sequence conflict	153	1	D → N AA sequence Ref.5
	Sequence conflict	162	1	S → T AA sequence Ref.5
	Sequence conflict	162	1	S → T Ref.6
	Sequence conflict	173	1	T → P AA sequence Ref.5
	Sequence conflict	173	1	T → P Ref.6
	Sequence conflict	178 – 181	4	TPPT → PTTS AA sequence Ref.5
	Sequence conflict	178 – 181	4	TPPT → PTTS Ref.6

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P07498-1 [UniParc]. Last modified October 1, 1996. Version 3. Checksum: 8A1609D2D5C94895	FASTA	182	20,305
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MKSFLLVVNA LALTLPFLAV EVQNQKQPAC HENDERPFYQ KTAPYVPMYY VPNSYPYYGT 70 80 90 100 110 120 NLYQRRPAIA INNPYVPRTY YANPAVVRPH AQIPQRQYLP NSHPPTVVRR PNLHPSFIAI 130 140 150 160 170 180 PPKKIQDKII IPTINTIATV EPTPAPATEP TVDSVVTPEA FSESIITSTP ETTTVAVTPP TA

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	Menon R.S., Jeffers K.F., Chang Y.F., Ham R.G. Submitted (JUL-1991) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], VARIANT THR-145.
[2]	"Cloning and sequencing of human kappa-casein cDNA." Bergstroem S., Hansson L., Hernell O., Loennerdal B., Nilsson A.K., Stroemqvist M. DNA Seq. 3:245-246(1992) [PubMed: 1296818] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Mammary gland.
[3]	"Structure of the human kappa-casein gene." Edlund A., Johansson T., Leidvik B., Hansson L. Gene 174:65-69(1996) [PubMed: 8863730] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA], VARIANT LEU-110.
[4]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA], VARIANT CYS-75. Tissue: Brain.
[5]	"Preparation and amino acid sequence of human kappa-casein." Brignon G., Chtourou A., Ribadeau-Dumas B. FEBS Lett. 188:48-54(1985) [PubMed: 4018271] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 25-182.
[6]	"Localisation and importance of the sugar part of human casein." Fiat A.-M., Jolles J., Aubert J.-P., Loucheux-Lefebvre M.H., Jolles P. Eur. J. Biochem. 111:333-339(1980) [PubMed: 7460900] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 118-182, GLYCOSYLATION AT THR-133; THR-143; THR-148; THR-151; THR-157; THR-167 AND THR-169.
[7]	"Structural features of a peptide corresponding to human kappa-casein residues 84-101 by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy." Plowman J.E., Creamer L.K., Liddell M.J., Cross J.J. J. Dairy Res. 66:53-63(1999) [PubMed: 10191473] [Abstract] Cited for: STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 108-125.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Web resources

Protein Spotlight

Of buttons, digestion and glue - Issue 16 of November 2001

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	M73628 mRNA. Translation: AAA59456.1. X66417 mRNA. Translation: CAA47048.1. U51899 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAC50772.1. BC010935 mRNA. Translation: AAH10935.1.
IPI	IPI00294773.
PIR	KKHU. JC4957.
RefSeq	NP_005203.2.
UniGene	Hs.54415
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
PTM databases
GlycoSuiteDB	P07498.
PhosphoSite	P07498.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	P07498.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSG00000171209. Homo sapiens. [Contig view]
GeneID	1448.
KEGG	hsa:1448.
UCSC	uc003hfe.2. human.
Organism-specific databases
GeneCards	GC04P071156.
H-InvDB	HIX0004262.
HGNC	HGNC:2446. CSN3.
MIM	601695. gene.
PharmGKB	PA26949.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
HOGENOM	P07498.
HOVERGEN	P07498.
OMA	P07498. MKSFLLV.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	P07498.
Bgee	P07498.
CleanEx	HS_CASK. HS_CSN3.
GermOnline	ENSG00000171209. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR000117. Casein_kappa. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR11470. Casein_kappa. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00997. Casein_kappa. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PIRSF	PIRSF002374. Casein_kappa. 1 hit.
ProDom	PD003689. Casein_kappa. 1 hit. [Graphical view] [Entries sharing at least one domain]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other Resources
NextBio	5951.
PMAP-CutDB	P07498.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

CASK_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P07498
Secondary accession number(s): Q13575

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	April 1, 1988
Last sequence update:	October 1, 1996
Last modified:	July 7, 2009
This is version 103 of the entry and version 3 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

HPI (Human Proteome Initiative)