Reviewed,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P06702 (S10A9_HUMAN)
Last modified
February 9, 2010.
Version 123.
History...
Clusters with 100%,
90%,
50% identity |
Documents (6) |
Third-party data |
Customize display | text xml rdf/xml gff fasta |
Names and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Protein S100-A9 Alternative name(s): S100 calcium-binding protein A9 Calgranulin-B Migration inhibitory factor-related protein 14 Short name=MRP-14 Short name=p14 Leukocyte L1 complex heavy chain Calprotectin L1H subunit | ||||
| Gene names |
| ||||
| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Complete proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 114 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Sequence processing | The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level. |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Calcium-binding protein. Has antimicrobial activity towards bacteria and fungi. Important for resistance to invasion by pathogenic bacteria. Up-regulates transcription of genes that are under the control of NF-kappa-B. Plays a role in the development of endotoxic shock in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) By similarity. Promotes tubulin polymerization when unphosphorylated. Promotes phagocyte migration and infiltration of granulocytes at sites of wounding. Plays a role as a pro-inflammatory mediator in acute and chronic inflammation and up-regulates the release of IL8 and cell-surface expression of ICAM1. Extracellular calprotectin binds to target cells and promotes apoptosis. Antimicrobial and proapoptotic activity is inhibited by zinc ions. Ref.11 Ref.14 Ref.15 Ref.16 Ref.20 Ref.21 Ref.23 |
| Subunit structure | Homodimer. Heterotetramer with S100A8. Component of the heterotetrameric calprotectin complex containing two copies each of S100A8 and S100A9. Interacts with CEACAM3 and tubulin filaments in a calcium-dependent manner. Heterotetrameric calprotectin interacts with ANXA6 and associates with tubulin filaments in activated monocytes. May interact with components of the intermediate filaments in monocytes and epithelial cells. The homodimer interacts with AGER and with the heterodimeric complex formed by TLR4 and LY96 in the presence of calcium and/or zinc ions. The homodimer binds quinoline-3-carboxamides in the presence of calcium and/or zinc ions. Ref.14 Ref.16 Ref.20 Ref.21 Ref.23 Ref.12 Ref.13 Ref.17 Ref.24 Ref.25 |
| Subcellular location | Secreted. Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm › cytoskeleton. Cell membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Note: Associates with tubulin filaments in activated monocytes. Targeted to the cell surface upon calcium influx. Released from blood leukocytes upon exposure to CSF2/GM-CSF, bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and during inflammatory processes. Serum levels are high in patients suffering from chronic inflammation. Ref.11 Ref.15 Ref.23 Ref.12 Ref.17 |
| Tissue specificity | Expressed by macrophages in acutely inflammed tissues and in chronic inflammation. Detected in peripheral blood leukocytes, in neutrophils and granulocytes. Detected at sites of vascular inflammation (at protein level). Also expressed in epithelial cells constitutively or induced during dermatoses. Ref.11 Ref.15 Ref.12 Ref.1 Ref.2 |
| Post-translational modification | Phosphorylated. Phosphorylation inhibits activation of tubulin polymerization. Ref.14 Ref.8 Ref.18 Ref.19 |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the S-100 family. Contains 2 EF-hand domains. |
| Mass spectrometry | Molecular mass is 13115 Da from positions 2 - 114. Determined by MALDI. Ref.24 |
Ontologies
Binary interactions
With | Entry | #Exp. | IntAct | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ARRB1 | P49407 | 1 | EBI-1055001,EBI-743313 | |
| ARRB2 | P32121 | 1 | EBI-1055001,EBI-714559 | |
| ILK | Q13418 | 1 | EBI-1055001,EBI-747644 | |
| NUAK1 | O60285 | 1 | EBI-1055001,EBI-1046789 | |
| PAK7 | Q9P286 | 1 | EBI-1055001,EBI-1051061 | |
| TAGLN | Q01995 | 1 | EBI-1055001,EBI-1054248 | |
| USF2 | Q15853 | 1 | EBI-1055001,EBI-1055994 |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | |||||||||||||||||||||
Molecule processing | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Initiator methionine | 1 | 1 | Removed | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chain | 2 – 114 | 113 | Protein S100-A9 | PRO_0000143997 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Regions | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Domain | 12 – 47 | 36 | EF-hand 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Domain | 54 – 89 | 36 | EF-hand 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium binding | 23 – 36 | 14 | 1; low affinity | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium binding | 67 – 78 | 12 | 2; high affinity Probable | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Amino acid modifications | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modified residue | 2 | 1 | Blocked amino end (Thr) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modified residue | 113 | 1 | Phosphothreonine Ref.8 Ref.18 Ref.19 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Natural variations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural variant | 20 | 1 | H → R | VAR_013008 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Experimental info | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 36 | 1 | E → Q: Loss of resistance to bacterial invasion; when associated with Q-78. Ref.21 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 63 | 1 | M → A: Loss of antifungal activity. Ref.20 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 78 | 1 | E → Q: Loss of resistance to bacterial invasion; when associated with Q-36. Ref.21 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 81 | 1 | M → A: No effect on antifungal activity. Ref.20 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 83 | 1 | M → A: Loss of antifungal activity. Ref.20 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 6 | 1 | S → H AA sequence Ref.11 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 25 | 1 | K → F AA sequence Ref.11 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 28 | 1 | H → L AA sequence Ref.11 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary structure | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Helix Strand Turn | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 7 – 23 | 17 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 25 – 28 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 34 – 44 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turn | 46 – 51 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 52 – 54 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 56 – 66 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 76 – 79 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 81 – 85 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 87 – 91 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sequences
References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Two calcium-binding proteins in infiltrate macrophages of rheumatoid arthritis." Odink K., Cerletti N., Bruggen J., Clerc R.G., Tarcsay L., Zwaldo G., Gerhards G., Schlegel R., Sorg C. Nature 330:80-82(1987) [PubMed: 3313057] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [2] | "Cloning and expression of two human genes encoding calcium-binding proteins that are regulated during myeloid differentiation." Lagasse E., Clerc R.G. Mol. Cell. Biol. 8:2402-2410(1988) [PubMed: 3405210] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [3] | "A protein containing the cystic fibrosis antigen is an inhibitor of protein kinases." Murao S., Collart F.R., Huberman E. J. Biol. Chem. 264:8356-8360(1989) [PubMed: 2656677] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], BLOCKAGE OF N-TERMINUS. |
| [4] | "Human gene for migration inhibitory factor-related protein 14 (MRP14), variant allele." Wang M., Xu X., Cai Y., Xu H., Han Y., Xu Z., Wu M. Submitted (FEB-2000) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], VARIANT ARG-20. |
| [5] | "Cloning of human full open reading frames in Gateway(TM) system entry vector (pDONR201)." Halleck A., Ebert L., Mkoundinya M., Schick M., Eisenstein S., Neubert P., Kstrang K., Schatten R., Shen B., Henze S., Mar W., Korn B., Zuo D., Hu Y., LaBaer J. Submitted (JUN-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. |
| [6] | "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1." Gregory S.G., Barlow K.F., McLay K.E., Kaul R., Swarbreck D., Dunham A., Scott C.E., Howe K.L., Woodfine K., Spencer C.C.A., Jones M.C., Gillson C., Searle S., Zhou Y., Kokocinski F., McDonald L., Evans R., Phillips K. Bentley D.R.Nature 441:315-321(2006) [PubMed: 16710414] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [7] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Lung. |
| [8] | "Ionomycin-regulated phosphorylation of the myeloid calcium-binding protein p14." Edgeworth J., Freemont P., Hogg N. Nature 342:189-192(1989) [PubMed: 2478889] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 84-114, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-113. |
| [9] | "Amino acid sequences of 60B8 antigens induced in HL-60 cells by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. The antigens are identical with macrophage-related protein-14 and -8." Tobe T., Murakami K., Tomita M., Nozawa R. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 37:1576-1580(1989) [PubMed: 2776242] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE, BLOCKAGE OF N-TERMINUS. |
| [10] | "Microsequences of 145 proteins recorded in the two-dimensional gel protein database of normal human epidermal keratinocytes." Rasmussen H.H., van Damme J., Puype M., Gesser B., Celis J.E., Vandekerckhove J. Electrophoresis 13:960-969(1992) [PubMed: 1286667] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 11-19; 26-37 AND 94-107. Tissue: Keratinocyte. |
| [11] | "In vitro antimicrobial activity of the human neutrophil cytosolic S-100 protein complex, calprotectin, against Capnocytophaga sputigena." Miyasaki K.T., Bodeau A.L., Murthy A.R., Lehrer R.I. J. Dent. Res. 72:517-523(1993) [PubMed: 8423249] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 5-34, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, IDENTIFICATION IN THE CALPROTECTIN COMPLEX, FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [12] | "Myeloid-related protein (MRP) 8 and MRP14, calcium-binding proteins of the S100 family, are secreted by activated monocytes via a novel, tubulin-dependent pathway." Rammes A., Roth J., Goebeler M., Klempt M., Hartmann M., Sorg C. J. Biol. Chem. 272:9496-9502(1997) [PubMed: 9083090] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, SUBUNIT, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [13] | "The microbial receptor CEACAM3 is linked to the calprotectin complex in granulocytes." Streichert T., Ebrahimnejad A., Ganzer S., Flayeh R., Wagener C., Bruemmer J. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 289:191-197(2001) [PubMed: 11708798] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH CEACAM3. |
| [14] | "MRP8 and MRP14 control microtubule reorganization during transendothelial migration of phagocytes." Vogl T., Ludwig S., Goebeler M., Strey A., Thorey I.S., Reichelt R., Foell D., Gerke V., Manitz M.P., Nacken W., Werner S., Sorg C., Roth J. Blood 104:4260-4268(2004) [PubMed: 15331440] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH TUBULIN, PHOSPHORYLATION. |
| [15] | "Myeloid-related proteins 8 and 14 induce a specific inflammatory response in human microvascular endothelial cells." Viemann D., Strey A., Janning A., Jurk K., Klimmek K., Vogl T., Hirono K., Ichida F., Foell D., Kehrel B., Gerke V., Sorg C., Roth J. Blood 105:2955-2962(2005) [PubMed: 15598812] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, MASS SPECTROMETRY, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [16] | "Regulation of S100A8/A9 (calprotectin) binding to tumor cells by zinc ion and its implication for apoptosis-inducing activity." Nakatani Y., Yamazaki M., Chazin W.J., Yui S. Mediators Inflamm. 2005:280-292(2005) [PubMed: 16258195] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INHIBITION BY ZINC IONS, SUBUNIT. |
| [17] | "Interaction between S100A8/A9 and annexin A6 is involved in the calcium-induced cell surface exposition of S100A8/A9." Bode G., Lueken A., Kerkhoff C., Roth J., Ludwig S., Nacken W. J. Biol. Chem. 283:31776-31784(2008) [PubMed: 18786929] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, INTERACTION WITH ANXA6. |
| [18] | "Large-scale phosphoproteome analysis of human liver tissue by enrichment and fractionation of phosphopeptides with strong anion exchange chromatography." Han G., Ye M., Zhou H., Jiang X., Feng S., Jiang X., Tian R., Wan D., Zou H., Gu J. Proteomics 8:1346-1361(2008) [PubMed: 18318008] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-113, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Liver. |
| [19] | "Phosphorylation analysis of primary human T lymphocytes using sequential IMAC and titanium oxide enrichment." Carrascal M., Ovelleiro D., Casas V., Gay M., Abian J. J. Proteome Res. 7:5167-5176(2008) [PubMed: 19367720] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-113, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: T-cell. |
| [20] | "Substitution of methionine 63 or 83 in S100A9 and cysteine 42 in S100A8 abrogate the antifungal activities of S100A8/A9: potential role for oxidative regulation." Sroussi H.Y., Koehler G.A., Agabian N., Villines D., Palefsky J.M. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 55:55-61(2009) [PubMed: 19087201] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBUNIT, MUTAGENESIS OF MET-63; MET-81 AND MET-83, INHIBITION BY ZINC IONS. |
| [21] | "Calprotectin S100A9 calcium-binding loops I and II are essential for keratinocyte resistance to bacterial invasion." Champaiboon C., Sappington K.J., Guenther B.D., Ross K.F., Herzberg M.C. J. Biol. Chem. 284:7078-7090(2009) [PubMed: 19122197] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBUNIT, MUTAGENESIS OF GLU-36 AND GLU-78. |
| [22] | "Large-scale proteomics analysis of the human kinome." Oppermann F.S., Gnad F., Olsen J.V., Hornberger R., Greff Z., Keri G., Mann M., Daub H. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 8:1751-1764(2009) [PubMed: 19369195] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-113, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [23] | "Identification of human S100A9 as a novel target for treatment of autoimmune disease via binding to quinoline-3-carboxamides." Bjoerk P., Bjoerk A., Vogl T., Stenstroem M., Liberg D., Olsson A., Roth J., Ivars F., Leanderson T. PLoS Biol. 7:E97-E97(2009) [PubMed: 19402754] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, SUBUNIT, INTERACTION WITH TLR4; LY96 AND AGER, QUINOLINE-3-CARBOXAMIDE BINDING. |
| [24] | "The crystal structure of human MRP14 (S100A9), a Ca(2+)-dependent regulator protein in inflammatory process." Itou H., Yao M., Fujita I., Watanabe N., Suzuki M., Nishihira J., Tanaka I. J. Mol. Biol. 316:265-276(2002) [PubMed: 11851337] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.1 ANGSTROMS) IN COMPLEX WITH CALCIUM IONS, MASS SPECTROMETRY, SUBUNIT. |
| [25] | "The crystal structure of the human (S100A8/S100A9)2 heterotetramer, calprotectin, illustrates how conformational changes of interacting alpha-helices can determine specific association of two EF-hand proteins." Korndoerfer I.P., Brueckner F., Skerra A. J. Mol. Biol. 370:887-898(2007) [PubMed: 17553524] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.8 ANGSTROMS) OF 4-114 IN COMPLEX WITH S100A8, SUBUNIT. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | X06233 mRNA. Translation: CAA29579.1. M21064 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA36326.1. M26311 mRNA. Translation: AAA68480.1. AF237581 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF62536.1. AF237582 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF62537.1. CR542207 mRNA. Translation: CAG47003.1. CR542224 mRNA. Translation: CAG47020.1. AL591704 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI19494.1. BC047681 mRNA. Translation: AAH47681.1. | ||||||||||||||||||
| IPI | IPI00027462. | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIR | B31848. | ||||||||||||||||||
| RefSeq | NP_002956.1. | ||||||||||||||||||
| UniGene | Hs.112405 | ||||||||||||||||||
3D structure databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| PDBe RCSB PDB PDBj |
| ||||||||||||||||||
| ModBase | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||
Protein-protein interaction databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| DIP | DIP-1166N. | ||||||||||||||||||
| IntAct | P06702. 15 interactions. | ||||||||||||||||||
| STRING | P06702. | ||||||||||||||||||
PTM databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| PhosphoSite | P06702. | ||||||||||||||||||
2-D gel databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| SWISS-2DPAGE | P06702. | ||||||||||||||||||
| Aarhus/Ghent-2DPAGE | 5007. IEF. 6010. IEF. 6017. IEF. 7013. IEF. | ||||||||||||||||||
| OGP | P06702. | ||||||||||||||||||
| PMMA-2DPAGE | P06702. | ||||||||||||||||||
Proteomic databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| PeptideAtlas | P06702. | ||||||||||||||||||
| PRIDE | P06702. | ||||||||||||||||||
Genome annotation databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| Ensembl | ENST00000368738; ENSP00000357727; ENSG00000163220; Homo sapiens. [Genome view] | ||||||||||||||||||
| GeneID | 6280. | ||||||||||||||||||
| KEGG | hsa:6280. | ||||||||||||||||||
| UCSC | uc001fbq.1. human. | ||||||||||||||||||
Organism-specific databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| CTD | 6280. | ||||||||||||||||||
| GeneCards | GC01P151596. | ||||||||||||||||||
| H-InvDB | HIX0023536. | ||||||||||||||||||
| HGNC | HGNC:10499. S100A9. | ||||||||||||||||||
| HPA | CAB009441. HPA004193. | ||||||||||||||||||
| MIM | 123886. gene. | ||||||||||||||||||
| PharmGKB | PA34911. | ||||||||||||||||||
| GenAtlas | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||
Phylogenomic databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| eggNOG | prNOG20489. | ||||||||||||||||||
| HOGENOM | HBG716817. | ||||||||||||||||||
| HOVERGEN | P06702. | ||||||||||||||||||
| InParanoid | P06702. | ||||||||||||||||||
| OMA | VASHEEM. | ||||||||||||||||||
| OrthoDB | EOG9TB6WH. | ||||||||||||||||||
| PhylomeDB | P06702. | ||||||||||||||||||
Gene expression databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| ArrayExpress | P06702. | ||||||||||||||||||
| Bgee | P06702. | ||||||||||||||||||
| CleanEx | HS_S100A9. | ||||||||||||||||||
| Genevestigator | P06702. | ||||||||||||||||||
| GermOnline | ENSG00000163220. Homo sapiens. | ||||||||||||||||||
Family and domain databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| InterPro | IPR011992. EF-hand-like_dom. IPR018247. EF_Hand_1_Ca_BS. IPR018249. EF_HAND_2. IPR001751. S100/CaBP-9k_CS. IPR013787. S100_Ca_bd_sub. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||||||||
| Gene3D | G3DSA:1.10.238.10. EF-Hand_type. 1 hit. | ||||||||||||||||||
| Pfam | PF01023. S_100. 1 hit. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||||||||
| PROSITE | PS00018. EF_HAND_1. 1 hit. PS50222. EF_HAND_2. 1 hit. PS00303. S100_CABP. 1 hit. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||||||||
| ProtoNet | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||
Other Resources | |||||||||||||||||||
| NextBio | 24377. | ||||||||||||||||||
| SOURCE | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||
Entry information
| Entry name | S10A9_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: P06702 Secondary accession number(s): Q6FGA1, Q9NYM0, Q9UCJ1 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
| ||||||||
| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation project | HPI (Human Proteome Initiative) | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 1 Human chromosome 1: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| PDB cross-references Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with


