Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P05226 (CAER4_XENBO)

Names and origin

Protein names	Recommended name:     Preprocaerulein type-4 Alternative name(s):     Preprocaerulein type IV Cleaved into the following chain:     1- Recommended name:             Caerulein
Organism	Xenopus borealis (Kenyan clawed frog)
Taxonomic identifier	8354 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineage	Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Amphibia › Batrachia › Anura › Mesobatrachia › Pipoidea › Pipidae › Xenopodinae › Xenopus › Xenopus

Protein attributes

Sequence length	234 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	The pharmacological activities of caerulein are quite similar to the physiological activities of gastrin and related peptides.
Subcellular location	Secreted.
Tissue specificity	Expressed by the skin glands.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the gastrin/cholecystokinin family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Secreted
Domain	Repeat Signal
Molecular function	Amphibian defense peptide
PTM	Amidation Cleavage on pair of basic residues Sulfation
Technical term	Direct protein sequencing
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	defense response Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	extracellular region Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	hormone activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 26	26	Potential
	Propeptide	27 – 73	47			PRO_0000010504
	Peptide	74 – 83	10	Caerulein		PRO_0000010505
	Propeptide	87 – 137	51			PRO_0000010506
	Peptide	138 – 147	10	Caerulein		PRO_0000010507
	Propeptide	151 – 152	2			PRO_0000010508
	Peptide	153 – 162	10	Caerulein		PRO_0000010509
	Propeptide	166 – 216	51			PRO_0000010510
	Peptide	217 – 226	10	Caerulein		PRO_0000010511
	Propeptide	230 – 234	5			PRO_0000010512
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	77	1	Sulfotyrosine
	Modified residue	83	1	Phenylalanine amide
	Modified residue	141	1	Sulfotyrosine
	Modified residue	147	1	Phenylalanine amide
	Modified residue	156	1	Sulfotyrosine
	Modified residue	162	1	Phenylalanine amide
	Modified residue	220	1	Sulfotyrosine
	Modified residue	226	1	Phenylalanine amide

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P05226-1 [UniParc]. Last modified August 13, 1987. Version 1. Checksum: 052D82F910541147	FASTA	234	26,055
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MFKGILLCVL FAVLSANPLS QPEGFADEEE RDVRGLASLL GKALKAALKI GANALGGSPQ 70 80 90 100 110 120 QREANDERRF ADGQQDYTGW MDFGRRDDED DVNERDVRGF GSFLGKALKA GLKIGTHFLG 130 140 150 160 170 180 GAPQQREAND ERRFADGQQD YTGWMDFGRR DGQQDYTGWM DFGRRDDEDD VHERDVRGFG 190 200 210 220 230 SFLGKALKAA LKIGANALGG SPQQREANDE RRFADGQQDY TGWMDFGRRN GEDD

References

[1]	"Complete nucleotide sequence of mRNA for caerulein precursor from Xenopus skin: the mRNA contains an unusual repetitive structure." Wakabayashi T., Kato H., Tachibana S. Nucleic Acids Res. 13:1817-1828(1985) [PubMed: 4000945] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Skin.
[2]	"Presence of caerulein in extracts of the skin of Leptodactylus pentadactylus labyrinthicus and of Xenopus laevis." Anastasi A., Bertaccini G., Cei J.M., de Daro G., Erspamer V., Impicciatore M., Roseghini M. Br. J. Pharmacol. 38:221-228(1970) [PubMed: 5413288] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF CAERULEIN. Tissue: Skin secretion.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	X02310 mRNA. Translation: CAA26180.1.
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
HOVERGEN	P05226.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR001651. Gastrin. IPR013152. Gastrin/cholecystokinin_CS. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF00918. Gastrin. 3 hits. [Graphical view]
SMART	SM00029. GASTRIN. 4 hits. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS00259. GASTRIN. 4 hits. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

CAER4_XENBO

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P05226

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	August 13, 1987
Last sequence update:	August 13, 1987
Last modified:	June 16, 2009
This is version 59 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

Xenopus annotation project