Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P04554 (PRM2_HUMAN)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Protamine-2
Alternative name(s):
    Sperm protamine-P2
    Sperm histone P2
Cleaved into the following 7 chains:
    1- Recommended name:
            Basic nuclear protein HPI1
    2- Recommended name:
            Basic nuclear protein HPI2
    3- Recommended name:
            Basic nuclear protein HPS1
    4- Recommended name:
            Basic nuclear protein HPS2
    5- Recommended name:
            Sperm histone HP4
        Alternative name(s):
            Sperm protamine P4
    6- Recommended name:
            Sperm histone HP2
        Alternative name(s):
            Sperm protamine P2
              Short name=P2'
    7- Recommended name:
            Sperm histone HP3
        Alternative name(s):
            Sperm protamine P3
            P2''

Gene names

Name:

PRM2

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	102 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Protamines substitute for histones in the chromatin of sperm during the haploid phase of spermatogenesis. They compact sperm DNA into a highly condensed, stable and inactive complex.
Subcellular location	Nucleus.
Tissue specificity	Testis.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the protamine-P2 family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	DNA condensation Differentiation Spermatogenesis
Cellular component	Chromosomal protein Nucleosome core Nucleus
Ligand	DNA-binding
Molecular function	Developmental protein
Technical term	3D-structure Direct protein sequencing
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	mitotic chromosome condensation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW multicellular organismal development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	nucleoplasm Ref.2 Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc nucleosome Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Molecular function	DNA binding Ref.2 Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	2 – 102	101	Basic nuclear protein HPI1		PRO_0000025758
	Chain	22 – 102	81	Basic nuclear protein HPI2		PRO_0000025759
	Chain	34 – 102	69	Basic nuclear protein HPS1		PRO_0000025760
	Chain	37 – 102	66	Basic nuclear protein HPS2		PRO_0000025761
	Chain	45 – 102	58	Sperm histone HP4		PRO_0000025762
	Chain	46 – 102	57	Sperm histone HP2		PRO_0000025763
	Chain	49 – 102	54	Sperm histone HP3		PRO_0000025764
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	38 – 39	2	PE → RM in CAA30710. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	52	1	H → Q in CAA30710. Ref.1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P04554-1 [UniParc]. Last modified November 1, 1990. Version 3. Checksum: CBB8D6F2396F2F9C	FASTA	102	13,051
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MVRYRVRSLS ERSHEVYRQQ LHGQEQGHHG QEEQGLSPEH VEVYERTHGQ SHYRRRHCSR 70 80 90 100 RRLHRIHRRQ HRSCRRRKRR SCRHRRRHRR GCRTRKRTCR RH

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Sequence of human protamine 2 cDNA." Domenjoud L., Fronia C., Uhde F., Engel W. Nucleic Acids Res. 16:7733-7733(1988) [PubMed: 3412906] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Testis.
[2]	"Genomic sequences of human protamines whose genes, PRM1 and PRM2, are clustered." Domenjoud L., Nussbaum G., Adham I.M., Greeske G., Engel W. Genomics 8:127-133(1990) [PubMed: 2081589] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[3]	"Characterization of a human locus in transition." Nelson J.E., Krawetz S.A. J. Biol. Chem. 269:31067-31073(1994) [PubMed: 7983046] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[4]	"Rapid evolution of male reproductive genes in the descent of man." Wyckoff G.J., Wang W., Wu C.-I. Nature 403:304-309(2000) [PubMed: 10659848] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[5]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Brain and Testis.
[6]	"Molecular characterization of nuclear basic protein HPI1, a putative precursor of human sperm protamines HP2 and HP3." Martinage A., Arkhis A., Alimi E., Sautiere P., Chevaillier P. Eur. J. Biochem. 191:449-451(1990) [PubMed: 2384091] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 2-102 (HPI1). Tissue: Sperm.
[7]	"Amino acid sequence of the human intermediate basic protein 2 (HPI2) from sperm nuclei. Structural relationship with protamine P2." Alimi E., Martinage A., Arkhis A., Belaiche D., Sautiere P., Chevaillier P. Eur. J. Biochem. 214:445-450(1993) [PubMed: 8513794] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 22-102 (HPI2).
[8]	"Comparison of the amino acid sequences of human protamines HP2 and HP3 and of intermediate basic nuclear proteins HPS1 and HPS2. Structural evidence that HPS1 and HPS2 are pro-protamines." Sautiere P., Martinage A., Belaiche D., Arkhis A., Chevaillier P. J. Biol. Chem. 263:11059-11063(1988) [PubMed: 3403514] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 34-102 (HPS1 AND HPS2). Tissue: Sperm.
[9]	"Isolation and amino-acid sequence analysis of human sperm protamines P1 and P2. Occurrence of two forms of protamine P2." Ammer H., Henschen A., Lee C.-H. Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 367:515-522(1986) [PubMed: 3527226] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 46-102 (HP2 AND HP3). Tissue: Sperm.
[10]	"Human sperm protamines. Amino-acid sequences of two forms of protamine P2." McKay D.J., Renaux B.S., Dixon G.H. Eur. J. Biochem. 156:5-8(1986) [PubMed: 3956509] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 46-102 (P2B). Tissue: Sperm.
[11]	"Molecular structure of human protamine P4 (HP4), a minor basic protein of human sperm nuclei." Arkhis A., Martinage A., Sautiere P., Chevaillier P. Eur. J. Biochem. 200:387-392(1991) [PubMed: 1889406] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 45-102 (HP4). Tissue: Sperm.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBLGenBankDDBJ

X07862 mRNA. Translation: CAA30710.1.
M60332 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA63250.1.
Z46940 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA87066.1.
U15422 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAC50487.1.
AF215713 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF34632.1.
BC005303 mRNA. Translation: AAH05303.1.
BC066338 mRNA. Translation: AAH66338.1.

IPI

IPI00024683.

PIR

HSHUP2. B38515.

RefSeq

NP_002753.2.

UniGene

Hs.2324

3D structure databases

PDBPDBe

Entry	Method	Resolution (Å)	Chain	Positions	PDBsum
2AWR	model	-	B	46-102	[»]

ModBase

Search...

PTM databases

PhosphoSite

P04554.

Genome annotation databases

Ensembl

ENSG00000122304. Homo sapiens. [Contig view]

GeneID

5620.

KEGG

hsa:5620.

Organism-specific databases

GeneCards

GC16M011276.

H-InvDB

HIX0012815.

HGNC

HGNC:9448. PRM2.

MIM

182882. gene.
182890. gene.

PharmGKB

PA33793.

GenAtlas

Search...

Phylogenomic databases

HOVERGEN

P04554.

OMA

P04554. SERSHEV.

Gene expression databases

ArrayExpress

P04554.

Bgee

P04554.

CleanEx

HS_PRM2.

Family and domain databases

InterPro

IPR000492. Protamine_P2.
[Graphical view]

PANTHER

PTHR21341. Protamine_P2. 1 hit.

Pfam

PF00841. Protamine_P2. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

ProtoNet

Search...

Other Resources

NextBio

21840.

SOURCE

Search...

Entry information

Entry name

PRM2_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P04554

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	August 13, 1987
Last sequence update:	November 1, 1990
Last modified:	June 16, 2009
This is version 90 of the entry and version 3 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

HPI (Human Proteome Initiative)