P04553 (HSP1_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Sperm protamine P1

Alternative name(s):
Cysteine-rich protamine

Gene names

Name:

PRM1

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	51 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Protamines substitute for histones in the chromatin of sperm during the haploid phase of spermatogenesis. They compact sperm DNA into a highly condensed, stable and inactive complex.
Subunit structure	Cross-linked by interchain disulfide bonds around the DNA-helix.
Subcellular location	Nucleus. Chromosome.
Tissue specificity	Testis.
Post-translational modification	Phosphorylated by SRPK1. Ref.11
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the protamine P1 family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	DNA condensation Differentiation Spermatogenesis
Cellular component	Chromosome Nucleosome core Nucleus
Ligand	DNA-binding
Molecular function	Developmental protein
PTM	Disulfide bond Phosphoprotein
Technical term	3D-structure Complete proteome Direct protein sequencing Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	DNA packaging Traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: ProtInc chromosome condensation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW multicellular organismal development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW nucleus organization Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara spermatid development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara spermatogenesis Traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: ProtInc
Cellular_component	nucleoplasm Traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: ProtInc nucleosome Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Molecular_function	DNA binding Traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: ProtInc
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Initiator methionine	1	1	Removed Ref.9 Ref.10
	Chain	2 – 51	50	Sperm protamine P1		PRO_0000191482
Amino acid modifications
	Disulfide bond	6		Interchain By similarity
	Disulfide bond	39		Interchain (with C-39) By similarity
	Disulfide bond	40 ↔ 48		By similarity

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P04553 [UniParc]. Last modified January 23, 2007. Version 2. Checksum: 4A5C6A92C713C33D	FASTA	51	6,823
	10 20 30 40 50 MARYRCCRSQ SRSRYYRQRQ RSRRRRRRSC QTRRRAMRCC RPRYRPRCRR H

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Genomic sequences of human protamines whose genes, PRM1 and PRM2, are clustered." Domenjoud L., Nussbaum G., Adham I.M., Greeske G., Engel W. Genomics 8:127-133(1990) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[2]	"Chromosomal localization and structure of the human P1 protamine gene." Krawetz S.A., Herfort M.H., Hamerton J.L., Pon R.T., Dixon G.H. Genomics 5:639-645(1989) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[3]	"The nucleotide sequence of a human protamine 1 cDNA." Lee C.-H., Hoyer-Fender S., Engel W. Nucleic Acids Res. 15:7639-7639(1987) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[4]	"Characterization of a human locus in transition." Nelson J.E., Krawetz S.A. J. Biol. Chem. 269:31067-31073(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[5]	"Direct sequencing of the human protamine P1 gene and application in forensic medicine." Queralt R., de Fabregues-Boixar O., Adroer R., Gene M., Gomez-Catalan J., Huguet E., Oliva R. J. Forensic Sci. 38:1491-1501(1993) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[6]	"Rapid evolution of male reproductive genes in the descent of man." Wyckoff G.J., Wang W., Wu C.-I. Nature 403:304-309(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[7]	"Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector." Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S., Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y., Phelan M., Farmer A. Submitted (MAY-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
[8]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Testis.
[9]	"The amino acid sequence of human sperm protamine P1." McKay D.J., Renaux B.S., Dixon G.H. Biosci. Rep. 5:383-391(1985) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 2-51.
[10]	"Isolation and amino-acid sequence analysis of human sperm protamines P1 and P2. Occurrence of two forms of protamine P2." Ammer H., Henschen A., Lee C.-H. Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 367:515-522(1986) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 2-51.
[11]	"SR protein-specific kinase 1 is highly expressed in testis and phosphorylates protamine 1." Papoutsopoulou S., Nikolakaki E., Chalepakis G., Kruft V., Chevaillier P., Giannakouros T. Nucleic Acids Res. 27:2972-2980(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION BY SRPK1.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBL
GenBank
DDBJ

Z46940 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA87065.1.
M60331 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA63249.1.
M29706 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA60191.1.
Y00443 mRNA. Translation: CAA68499.1.
U15422 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAC50486.1.
S68144 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB29321.2.
AF215707 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF34620.1.
BT006746 mRNA. Translation: AAP35392.1.
BC003673 mRNA. Translation: AAH03673.1.

IPI

IPI00219614.

PIR

HSHUP1. A38515.

RefSeq

NP_002752.1. NM_002761.2.

UniGene

Hs.2909.

3D structure databases

PDBe
RCSB PDB
PDBj

Entry	Method	Resolution (Å)	Chain	Positions	PDBsum
2AWR	model	-	A	1-51	[»]

ProteinModelPortal

P04553.

ModBase

Search...

Protein-protein interaction databases

STRING

9606.ENSP00000310515.

PTM databases

PhosphoSite

P04553.

Polymorphism databases

DMDM

123691.

Proteomic databases

PRIDE

P04553.

Protocols and materials databases

DNASU

5619.

StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase

Search...

Genome annotation databases

Ensembl

ENST00000312511; ENSP00000310515; ENSG00000175646.

GeneID

5619.

KEGG

hsa:5619.

UCSC

uc002dav.3. human.

Organism-specific databases

CTD

5619.

GeneCards

GC16M011374.

H-InvDB

HIX0012816.

HGNC

HGNC:9447. PRM1.

HPA

HPA055150.

MIM

182880. gene.

neXtProt

NX_P04553.

PharmGKB

PA33792.

GenAtlas

Search...

Phylogenomic databases

HOVERGEN

HBG081661.

OMA

RRAMRCC.

Gene expression databases

ArrayExpress

P04553.

Bgee

P04553.

CleanEx

HS_PRM1.

Genevestigator

P04553.

GermOnline

ENSG00000175646. Homo sapiens.

Family and domain databases

InterPro

IPR000221. Protamine_P1.
[Graphical view]

Pfam

PF00260. Protamine_P1. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

PROSITE

PS00048. PROTAMINE_P1. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

ProtoNet

Search...

Other

GenomeRNAi

5619.

NextBio

21836.

SOURCE

Search...

Entry information

Entry name

HSP1_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P04553

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	August 13, 1987
Last sequence update:	January 23, 2007
Last modified:	May 1, 2013
This is version 118 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.