Proenkephalin-A precursor - Rattus norvegicus (Rat)

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P04094 (PENK_RAT) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Last modified April 3, 2013. Version 94. History...

Clusters with 100%, 90%, 50% identity |

Documents (1) |

Third-party data

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Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·Documents Customize order

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Proenkephalin-A

Cleaved into the following 8 chains:

Synenkephalin
Met-enkephalin
Alternative name(s):
Opioid growth factor
Short name=OGF
PENK(114-133)
PENK(143-185)
Met-enkephalin-Arg-Gly-Leu
Leu-enkephalin
PENK(239-260)
Met-enkephalin-Arg-Phe

Gene names

Name:	Penk
Synonyms:	Penk-rs, Penk1

Organism

Rattus norvegicus (Rat) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

10116 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Glires › Rodentia › Sciurognathi › Muroidea › Muridae › Murinae › Rattus

Protein attributes

Sequence length	269 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Met- and Leu-enkephalins compete with and mimic the effects of opiate drugs. They play a role in a number of physiologic functions, including pain perception and responses to stress. PENK(114-133) and PENK(239-260) increase glutamate release in the striatum. PENK(114-133) decreases GABA concentration in the striatum. Ref.8
Subcellular location	Secreted.
Tissue specificity	Expressed in brain, heart and testis.
Post-translational modification	The N-terminal domain contains 6 conserved cysteines thought to be involved in disulfide bonding and/or processing.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the opioid neuropeptide precursor family.
Mass spectrometry	Molecular mass is 2203.971 Da from positions 114 - 133. Determined by ESI. Ref.8 Molecular mass is 4592.8 Da from positions 143 - 185. Determined by ESI. Ref.8 Molecular mass is 2504.027 Da from positions 239 - 260. Determined by ESI. Ref.8

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Secreted
Domain	Signal
Molecular function	Endorphin Neuropeptide Opioid peptide
PTM	Cleavage on pair of basic residues Disulfide bond
Technical term	Complete proteome Direct protein sequencing Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	behavioral fear response Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara neuropeptide signaling pathway Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW sensory perception of pain Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara
Cellular_component	extracellular region Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature key

Position(s)

Length

Description

Graphical view

Feature identifier

Molecule processing

Signal peptide

1 – 24

Potential

Peptide

25 – 97

Synenkephalin

PRO_0000008281

Peptide

100 – 104

Met-enkephalin

PRO_0000008282

Peptide

107 – 111

Met-enkephalin

PRO_0000008283

Peptide

114 – 133

PENK(114-133) Ref.8

PRO_0000008284

Peptide

136 – 140

Met-enkephalin

PRO_0000008285

Peptide

143 – 185

PENK(143-185)

PRO_0000008286

Peptide

188 – 195

Met-enkephalin-Arg-Gly-Leu

PRO_0000008287

Propeptide

198 – 209

PRO_0000008288

Peptide

212 – 216

Met-enkephalin

PRO_0000008289

Propeptide

219 – 229

PRO_0000008290

Peptide

232 – 236

Leu-enkephalin

PRO_0000008291

Peptide

239 – 260

PENK(239-260)

PRO_0000008292

Peptide

263 – 269

Met-enkephalin-Arg-Phe

PRO_0000008293

Amino acid modifications

Disulfide bond

26 ↔ 48

By similarity

Disulfide bond

30 ↔ 52

By similarity

Disulfide bond

33 ↔ 65

By similarity

Experimental info

Sequence conflict

L → V in AAA60734. Ref.2

Sequence conflict

L → V in CAA68804. Ref.5

Sequences

Sequence

Length

Mass (Da)

Tools

P04094 [UniParc].

Last modified November 1, 1986. Version 1.
Checksum: 2BF0EA81A1D59692
Show »

FASTA

269

30,932

        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MAQFLRLCIW LLALGSCLLA TVQADCSQDC AKCSYRLVRP GDINFLACTL ECEGQLPSFK 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
IWETCKDLLQ VSKPEFPWDN IDMYKDSSKQ DESHLLAKKY GGFMKRYGGF MKKMDELYPV 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
EPEEEANGGE ILAKRYGGFM KKDADEGDTL ANSSDLLKEL LGTGDNRAKD SHQQESTNND 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
EDSTSKRYGG FMRGLKRSPQ LEDEAKELQK RYGGFMRRVG RPEWWMDYQK RYGGFLKRFA 

       250        260 
ESLPSDEEGE SYSKEVPEME KRYGGFMRF

« Hide

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Rat brain preproenkephalin mRNA. cDNA cloning, primary structure, and distribution in the central nervous system." Yoshikawa K., Williams C., Sabol S.L. J. Biol. Chem. 259:14301-14308(1984) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: Fischer 344. Tissue: Brain.
[2]	"Isolation and characterization of the rat proenkephalin gene." Rosen H., Douglass J., Herbert E. J. Biol. Chem. 259:14309-14313(1984) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: Fischer 344.
[3]	"Molecular cloning and sequence determination of rat preproenkephalin cDNA: sensitive probe for studying transcriptional changes in rat tissues." Howells R.D., Kilpatrick D.L., Bhatt R., Monahan J.J., Poonian M., Udenfriend S. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 81:7651-7655(1984) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: Fischer 344. Tissue: Brain.
[4]	"Proenkephalin biosynthesis in the rat." Howells R.D. NIDA Res. Monogr. 70:43-65(1986) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Brain.
[5]	"A new species of enkephalin precursor mRNA with a distinct 5'-untranslated region in haploid germ cells." Yoshikawa K., Maruyama K., Aizawa T., Yamamoto A. FEBS Lett. 246:193-196(1989) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: Wistar. Tissue: Testis.
[6]	"Molecular cloning, sequence analysis and translation of proenkephalin mRNA from rat heart." Rao S.M., Howells R.D. Regul. Pept. 40:397-408(1992) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Heart.
[7]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Testis.
[8]	"Discovering new bioactive neuropeptides in the striatum secretome using in vivo microdialysis and versatile proteomics." Bernay B., Gaillard M.-C., Guryca V., Emadali A., Kuhn L., Bertrand A., Detraz I., Carcenac C., Savasta M., Brouillet E., Garin J., Elalouf J.-M. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 8:946-958(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 114-133; 143-185 AND 239-260, FUNCTION, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Strain: Wistar. Tissue: Corpus striatum.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	K02807 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA60734.1. M28263 mRNA. Translation: AAA41115.1. Y07503 mRNA. Translation: CAA68804.1. S49491 mRNA. Translation: AAB24022.1. BC083563 mRNA. Translation: AAH83563.1.
IPI	IPI00324459.
PIR	EQRTA. A92464.
RefSeq	NP_058835.1. NM_017139.1.
UniGene	Rn.10015.
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	10116.ENSRNOP00000011892.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	P04094.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSRNOT00000011892; ENSRNOP00000011892; ENSRNOG00000008943.
GeneID	29237.
KEGG	rno:29237.
UCSC	RGD:68946. rat.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	5179.
RGD	68946. Penk.
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	NOG40630.
GeneTree	ENSGT00530000063761.
HOGENOM	HOG000013003.
HOVERGEN	HBG000063.
InParanoid	Q53X05.
OMA	GGFMKKD.
OrthoDB	EOG4HMJBF.
Gene expression databases
Genevestigator	P04094.
GermOnline	ENSRNOG00000008943. Rattus norvegicus.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR006024. Opioid_neupept. IPR000703. Proenkphlin_A. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR11438. PTHR11438. 1 hit. PTHR11438:SF3. PTHR11438:SF3. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF01160. Opiods_neuropep. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR01028. OPIOIDPRCRSR. PR01029. PENKAPRCRSR.
PROSITE	PS01252. OPIOIDS_PRECURSOR. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
NextBio	608502.
PMAP-CutDB	P04094.

Entry information

Entry name

PENK_RAT

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P04094
Secondary accession number(s): Q53X05

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	November 1, 1986
Last sequence update:	November 1, 1986
Last modified:	April 3, 2013
This is version 94 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Relevant documents

SIMILARITY comments

Index of protein domains and families

Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·Documents

Preferred order of sections

Names and origin

Cleaved into the following 8 chains:

Protein attributes

General annotation (Comments)

Ontologies

Sequence annotation (Features)

Molecule processing

Amino acid modifications

Experimental info

Sequences

References

Cross-references

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

PTM databases

Protocols and materials databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

Other

Entry information

Relevant documents