P03995 (GFAP_MOUSE) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Glial fibrillary acidic protein
Short name=GFAP

Gene names

Name:

Gfap

Organism

Mus musculus (Mouse) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

10090 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Glires › Rodentia › Sciurognathi › Muroidea › Muridae › Murinae › Mus › Mus

Protein attributes

Sequence length	430 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	GFAP, a class-III intermediate filament, is a cell-specific marker that, during the development of the central nervous system, distinguishes astrocytes from other glial cells.
Subunit structure	Interacts with SYNM. Ref.18
Subcellular location	Cytoplasm By similarity. Note: Associated with intermediate filaments By similarity.
Tissue specificity	Brain; isoform 2 expressed at 20-fold lower level than isoform 1. Ref.16
Post-translational modification	Phosphorylated by PKN1 By similarity.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the intermediate filament family.
Sequence caution	The sequence CAA26571.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Cytoplasm Intermediate filament
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing
Domain	Coiled coil
PTM	Phosphoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome Direct protein sequencing Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	Bergmann glial cell differentiation Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 10816608. Source: MGI astrocyte development Inferred from genetic interaction PubMed 11487638. Source: MGI extracellular matrix organization Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 11487638. Source: MGI intermediate filament organization Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 8692820. Source: MGI long-term synaptic potentiation Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 8692820. Source: MGI negative regulation of neuron projection development Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 11487638. Source: MGI neuron projection regeneration Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 16988027. Source: MGI positive regulation of Schwann cell proliferation Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 16988027. Source: MGI regulation of neurotransmitter uptake Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 15135219. Source: MGI response to wounding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara
Cellular_component	cell body Inferred from direct assay PubMed 20578039PubMed 8793730. Source: MGI cell projection Inferred from direct assay PubMed 10989258. Source: MGI cytoplasm Inferred from direct assay PubMed 11064363PubMed 11834298PubMed 12074840PubMed 15965470PubMed 18076286. Source: MGI intermediate filament Inferred from direct assay PubMed 11487638PubMed 12533615PubMed 12878680PubMed 15656993PubMed 9364068. Source: MGI membrane Inferred from direct assay PubMed 11283023. Source: MGI
Molecular_function	structural constituent of cytoskeleton Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara structural molecule activity Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 12177195. Source: MGI
Complete GO annotation...

Alternative products

This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform 1 (identifier: P03995-1)

Also known as: GFAP alpha;

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform 2 (identifier: P03995-2)

Also known as: GFAP epsilon;

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     388-430: ETSLDTKSVS...SKQEHKDVVM → GGKSTKEGEG...IENGALPALP

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 430	430	Glial fibrillary acidic protein		PRO_0000063806
Regions
	Region	1 – 69	69	Head
	Region	70 – 374	305	Rod
	Region	70 – 101	32	Coil 1A
	Region	102 – 112	11	Linker 1
	Region	113 – 211	99	Coil 1B
	Region	212 – 227	16	Linker 12
	Region	228 – 249	22	Coil 2A
	Region	250 – 253	4	Linker 2
	Region	254 – 374	121	Coil 2B
	Region	375 – 430	56	Tail
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	7	1	Phosphothreonine; by AURKB and ROCK1 By similarity
	Modified residue	12	1	Phosphoserine; by AURKB and ROCK1 By similarity
	Modified residue	35	1	Phosphoserine; by AURKB and ROCK1 By similarity
	Modified residue	40	1	Phosphothreonine Ref.17
	Modified residue	107	1	Phosphothreonine By similarity
	Modified residue	380	1	Phosphothreonine By similarity
Natural variations
	Alternative sequence	388 – 430	43	ETSLD…KDVVM → GGKSTKEGEGQKVTRPLKRL TIQVVPIQAHQIENGALPAL P in isoform 2.		VSP_017053
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	141	1	F → L in AAP33501. Ref.5
	Sequence conflict	141	1	F → L in AAK56091. Ref.10
	Sequence conflict	174	1	D → H in CAA26571. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	174	1	D → H in AAA37678. Ref.7
	Sequence conflict	174	1	D → H in AAA37679. Ref.8
	Sequence conflict	174	1	D → H in ABI54133. Ref.13
	Sequence conflict	180	1	R → S in BAE24257. Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	207	1	E → D in CAA26571. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	207	1	E → D in AAA37678. Ref.7
	Sequence conflict	207	1	E → D in AAA37679. Ref.8
	Sequence conflict	347	1	Q → H in CAA26571. Ref.1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform 1 (GFAP alpha) [UniParc]. Last modified May 1, 2007. Version 4. Checksum: C0FB500AE1588377	FASTA	430	49,900
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MERRRITSAR RSYASETVVR GLGPSRQLGT MPRFSLSRMT PPLPARVDFS LAGALNAGFK 70 80 90 100 110 120 ETRASERAEM MELNDRFASY IEKVRFLEQQ NKALAAELNQ LRAKEPTKLA DVYQAELREL 130 140 150 160 170 180 RLRLDQLTAN SARLEVERDN FAQDLGTLRQ KLQDETNLRL EAENNLAAYR QEADEATLAR 190 200 210 220 230 240 VDLERKVESL EEEIQFLRKI YEEEVRELRE QLAQQQVHVE MDVAKPDLTA ALREIRTQYE 250 260 270 280 290 300 AVATSNMQET EEWYRSKFAD LTDAASRNAE LLRQAKHEAN DYRRQLQALT CDLESLRGTN 310 320 330 340 350 360 ESLERQMREQ EERHARESAS YQEALARLEE EGQSLKEEMA RHLQEYQDLL NVKLALDIEI 370 380 390 400 410 420 ATYRKLLEGE ENRITIPVQT FSNLQIRETS LDTKSVSEGH LKRNIVVKTV EMRDGEVIKD 430 SKQEHKDVVM
	Isoform 2 (GFAP epsilon) [UniParc]. Checksum: 778B9A6A8FDBA6D3	FASTA	428	49,365
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MERRRITSAR RSYASETVVR GLGPSRQLGT MPRFSLSRMT PPLPARVDFS LAGALNAGFK 70 80 90 100 110 120 ETRASERAEM MELNDRFASY IEKVRFLEQQ NKALAAELNQ LRAKEPTKLA DVYQAELREL 130 140 150 160 170 180 RLRLDQLTAN SARLEVERDN FAQDLGTLRQ KLQDETNLRL EAENNLAAYR QEADEATLAR 190 200 210 220 230 240 VDLERKVESL EEEIQFLRKI YEEEVRELRE QLAQQQVHVE MDVAKPDLTA ALREIRTQYE 250 260 270 280 290 300 AVATSNMQET EEWYRSKFAD LTDAASRNAE LLRQAKHEAN DYRRQLQALT CDLESLRGTN 310 320 330 340 350 360 ESLERQMREQ EERHARESAS YQEALARLEE EGQSLKEEMA RHLQEYQDLL NVKLALDIEI 370 380 390 400 410 420 ATYRKLLEGE ENRITIPVQT FSNLQIRGGK STKEGEGQKV TRPLKRLTIQ VVPIQAHQIE NGALPALP

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Structure of the mouse glial fibrillary acidic protein gene: implications for the evolution of the intermediate filament multigene family." Balcarek J.M., Cowan N.J. Nucleic Acids Res. 13:5527-5543(1985) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[2]	"The transcriptional landscape of the mammalian genome." Carninci P., Kasukawa T., Katayama S., Gough J., Frith M.C., Maeda N., Oyama R., Ravasi T., Lenhard B., Wells C., Kodzius R., Shimokawa K., Bajic V.B., Brenner S.E., Batalov S., Forrest A.R., Zavolan M., Davis M.J. , Wilming L.G., Aidinis V., Allen J.E., Ambesi-Impiombato A., Apweiler R., Aturaliya R.N., Bailey T.L., Bansal M., Baxter L., Beisel K.W., Bersano T., Bono H., Chalk A.M., Chiu K.P., Choudhary V., Christoffels A., Clutterbuck D.R., Crowe M.L., Dalla E., Dalrymple B.P., de Bono B., Della Gatta G., di Bernardo D., Down T., Engstrom P., Fagiolini M., Faulkner G., Fletcher C.F., Fukushima T., Furuno M., Futaki S., Gariboldi M., Georgii-Hemming P., Gingeras T.R., Gojobori T., Green R.E., Gustincich S., Harbers M., Hayashi Y., Hensch T.K., Hirokawa N., Hill D., Huminiecki L., Iacono M., Ikeo K., Iwama A., Ishikawa T., Jakt M., Kanapin A., Katoh M., Kawasawa Y., Kelso J., Kitamura H., Kitano H., Kollias G., Krishnan S.P., Kruger A., Kummerfeld S.K., Kurochkin I.V., Lareau L.F., Lazarevic D., Lipovich L., Liu J., Liuni S., McWilliam S., Madan Babu M., Madera M., Marchionni L., Matsuda H., Matsuzawa S., Miki H., Mignone F., Miyake S., Morris K., Mottagui-Tabar S., Mulder N., Nakano N., Nakauchi H., Ng P., Nilsson R., Nishiguchi S., Nishikawa S., Nori F., Ohara O., Okazaki Y., Orlando V., Pang K.C., Pavan W.J., Pavesi G., Pesole G., Petrovsky N., Piazza S., Reed J., Reid J.F., Ring B.Z., Ringwald M., Rost B., Ruan Y., Salzberg S.L., Sandelin A., Schneider C., Schoenbach C., Sekiguchi K., Semple C.A., Seno S., Sessa L., Sheng Y., Shibata Y., Shimada H., Shimada K., Silva D., Sinclair B., Sperling S., Stupka E., Sugiura K., Sultana R., Takenaka Y., Taki K., Tammoja K., Tan S.L., Tang S., Taylor M.S., Tegner J., Teichmann S.A., Ueda H.R., van Nimwegen E., Verardo R., Wei C.L., Yagi K., Yamanishi H., Zabarovsky E., Zhu S., Zimmer A., Hide W., Bult C., Grimmond S.M., Teasdale R.D., Liu E.T., Brusic V., Quackenbush J., Wahlestedt C., Mattick J.S., Hume D.A., Kai C., Sasaki D., Tomaru Y., Fukuda S., Kanamori-Katayama M., Suzuki M., Aoki J., Arakawa T., Iida J., Imamura K., Itoh M., Kato T., Kawaji H., Kawagashira N., Kawashima T., Kojima M., Kondo S., Konno H., Nakano K., Ninomiya N., Nishio T., Okada M., Plessy C., Shibata K., Shiraki T., Suzuki S., Tagami M., Waki K., Watahiki A., Okamura-Oho Y., Suzuki H., Kawai J., Hayashizaki Y. Science 309:1559-1563(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2). Strain: C57BL/6J. Tissue: Corpora quadrigemina.
[3]	"Lineage-specific biology revealed by a finished genome assembly of the mouse." Church D.M., Goodstadt L., Hillier L.W., Zody M.C., Goldstein S., She X., Bult C.J., Agarwala R., Cherry J.L., DiCuccio M., Hlavina W., Kapustin Y., Meric P., Maglott D., Birtle Z., Marques A.C., Graves T., Zhou S. , Teague B., Potamousis K., Churas C., Place M., Herschleb J., Runnheim R., Forrest D., Amos-Landgraf J., Schwartz D.C., Cheng Z., Lindblad-Toh K., Eichler E.E., Ponting C.P. PLoS Biol. 7:E1000112-E1000112(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: C57BL/6J.
[4]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Brain.
[5]	Sheng J., Wu X., Lin F., Yang X., Deng J. Submitted (APR-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-150. Strain: 129/Sv.
[6]	"Identification of two N-terminal non-alpha-helical domain motifs important in the assembly of glial fibrillary acidic protein." Ralton J.E., Lu X., Hutcheson A.M., Quinlan R.A. J. Cell Sci. 107:1935-1948(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-26. Tissue: Embryo.
[7]	"Sequence of a cDNA clone encoding mouse glial fibrillary acidic protein: structural conservation of intermediate filaments." Lewis S.A., Balcarek J.M., Krek V., Shelanski M., Cowan N.J. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 81:2743-2746(1984) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 28-430 (ISOFORM 1).
[8]	"Structural implications of a cDNA clone encoding mouse glial fibrillary acidic protein." Cowan N.J., Lewis S.A., Balcarek J.M., Krek V., Shelanski M.L. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 455:575-582(1985) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 28-430 (ISOFORM 1).
[9]	"Characterization of human cDNA and genomic clones for glial fibrillary acidic protein." Brenner M., Lampel K., Nakatani Y., Mill J., Banner C., Mearow K., Dohadwala M., Lipsky R., Freese E. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 7:277-286(1990) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: SEQUENCE REVISION TO N-TERMINUS.
[10]	"High-throughput sequence identification of gene coding variants within alcohol-related QTLs." Ehringer M.A., Thompson J., Conroy O., Xu Y., Yang F., Canniff J., Beeson M., Gordon L., Bennett B., Johnson T.E., Sikela J.M. Mamm. Genome 12:657-663(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 31-430 (ISOFORM 1). Strain: ISS.
[11]	"Novel metastatic mouse tumor cells express multiple properties of macrophages." Huysentruyt L.C., Banerjee D., Seyfried T.N. Submitted (NOV-2006) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 92-275 (ISOFORMS 1/2). Strain: C57BL/6.
[12]	Lubec G., Klug S., Kang S.U. Submitted (MAR-2007) to UniProtKB Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 47-63; 139-149; 187-198; 210-233; 285-297 AND 374-387, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Strain: C57BL/6. Tissue: Brain and Hippocampus.
[13]	"Progressive demyelination despite a temporary increased number of NG-2 positive putative oligodendroglial progenitor cells in Theiler`s murine encephalomyelitis." Ulrich R., Alldinger S., Baumgaertner W. Submitted (AUG-2006) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 169-237 (ISOFORMS 1/2). Strain: SJL/JHanHsd. Tissue: Brain.
[14]	Lubec G., Sunyer B., Chen W.-Q. Submitted (JAN-2009) to UniProtKB Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 354-364, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Strain: OF1. Tissue: Hippocampus.
[15]	"Genetic polymorphism and sequence evolution of an alternatively spliced exon of the glial fibrillary acidic protein gene, GFAP." Singh R., Nielsen A.L., Johansen M.G., Jorgensen A.L. Genomics 82:185-193(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 388-430 (ISOFORM 2). Tissue: Blood.
[16]	"A new splice variant of glial fibrillary acidic protein GFAPepsilon, interacts with the presenilin proteins." Nielsen A.L., Holm I.E., Johansen M., Bonven B., Jorgensen P., Jorgensen A.L. J. Biol. Chem. 277:29983-29991(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[17]	"Comprehensive identification of phosphorylation sites in postsynaptic density preparations." Trinidad J.C., Specht C.G., Thalhammer A., Schoepfer R., Burlingame A.L. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 5:914-922(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-40, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Brain.
[18]	"Synemin is expressed in reactive astrocytes in neurotrauma and interacts differentially with vimentin and GFAP intermediate filament networks." Jing R., Wilhelmsson U., Goodwill W., Li L., Pan Y., Pekny M., Skalli O. J. Cell Sci. 120:1267-1277(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH SYNM.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	X02801 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA26571.1. Different initiation. AK140151 mRNA. Translation: BAE24257.1. AL731670 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAM25115.1. AY279974 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAP33501.1. X78141 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA55020.1. BC100728 mRNA. Translation: AAI00729.1. BC100737 mRNA. Translation: AAI00738.1. BC101968 mRNA. Translation: AAI01969.1. BC103571 mRNA. Translation: AAI03572.1. BC139357 mRNA. Translation: AAI39358.1. BC139358 mRNA. Translation: AAI39359.1. K01347 mRNA. Translation: AAA37678.1. M25937 mRNA. Translation: AAA37679.1. AF332061 mRNA. Translation: AAK56090.1. AF332062 mRNA. Translation: AAK56091.1. EF101554 mRNA. Translation: ABK96803.1. DQ887822 mRNA. Translation: ABI54133.1. AY142200 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAN87913.1.
IPI	IPI00117042. IPI00649033.
PIR	VEMSGF. B60052.
RefSeq	NP_001124492.1. NM_001131020.1. NP_034407.2. NM_010277.3.
UniGene	Mm.1239.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	P03995.
SMR	P03995. Positions 62-200, 226-369.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
DIP	DIP-1084N.
IntAct	P03995. 2 interactions.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	P03995.
2D gel databases
UCD-2DPAGE	P03995.
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	P03995.
PRIDE	P03995.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSMUST00000067444; ENSMUSP00000064691; ENSMUSG00000020932. ENSMUST00000077902; ENSMUSP00000077061; ENSMUSG00000020932.
GeneID	14580.
KEGG	mmu:14580.
UCSC	uc007lsw.2. mouse. uc007lsx.2. mouse.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	2670.
MGI	MGI:95697. Gfap.
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	NOG259463.
GeneTree	ENSGT00660000095344.
HOVERGEN	HBG013015.
InParanoid	B2RTI7.
KO	K05640.
OMA	ASSNMQE.
OrthoDB	EOG48WC24.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	P03995.
Bgee	P03995.
CleanEx	MM_GFAP.
Genevestigator	P03995.
GermOnline	ENSMUSG00000020932. Mus musculus.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR016044. F. IPR001664. IF. IPR006821. Intermed_filament_DNA-bd. IPR018039. Intermediate_filament_CS. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR23239. PTHR23239. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00038. Filament. 1 hit. PF04732. Filament_head. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS00226. IF. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
NextBio	286306.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

GFAP_MOUSE

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P03995
Secondary accession number(s): A1E2H7 , A2AH87, B2RTI7, Q09J71, Q3USS4, Q496R4, Q496S3, Q7TQ30, Q80VX6, Q925K2, Q925K3

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	October 23, 1986
Last sequence update:	May 1, 2007
Last modified:	May 1, 2013
This is version 119 of the entry and version 4 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program