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Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P02666 (CASB_BOVIN)

Last modified September 1, 2009. Version 96. Feed History...

Clusters with 100%, 90%, 50% identity | Documents (1) | Third-party data | Customize display text xml rdf/xml gff fasta
Names and origin · Protein attributes · General annotation (Comments) · Ontologies · Sequence annotation (Features) · Sequences · References · Web resources · Cross-references · Entry information · Relevant documents

Names and origin

Protein namesRecommended name:
    Beta-casein
Cleaved into the following 3 chains:
    1- Recommended name:
            Casoparan
    2- Recommended name:
            Antioxidant peptide
    3- Recommended name:
            Casohypotensin
Gene names
Name: CSN2
OrganismBos taurus (Bovine)
Taxonomic identifier9913 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageEukaryotaMetazoaChordataCraniataVertebrataEuteleostomiMammaliaEutheriaLaurasiatheriaCetartiodactylaRuminantiaPecoraBovidaeBovinaeBos

Protein attributes

Sequence length224 AA.
Sequence statusComplete.
Sequence processingThe displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existenceEvidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function

Important role in determination of the surface properties of the casein micelles. Ref.12 Ref.21 Ref.24 Ref.25

Casoparan acts as a macrophage activator, increasing the phagocytic activity of macrophages and peroxide release from macrophages. It also acts as a bradykinin-potentiating peptide. Ref.12 Ref.21 Ref.24 Ref.25

Casohypotensin acts as a bradykinin-potentiating peptide. Induces hypotension in rats. Acts as a strong competitive inhibitor of endo-oligopeptidase A. Ref.12 Ref.21 Ref.24 Ref.25

Antioxidant peptide has antioxidant activity. Ref.12 Ref.21 Ref.24 Ref.25

Subcellular location

Secreted.

Tissue specificity

Mammary gland specific. Secreted in milk.

Polymorphism

Leu-152 is present in the variants F and G; Gln-190 and Glu-210 are present in the variant H. The sequence shown is the A2 variant.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the beta-casein family.

Mass spectrometry

Molecular mass is 872.51 Da from positions 113 - 120. Determined by ESI. Ref.21

Sequence caution

The sequence ABL74247.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift at positions 65 and 71.

Ontologies

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature keyPosition(s)LengthDescriptionGraphical viewFeature identifier

Molecule processing

Signal peptide1 – 1515 Ref.8 Ref.9 Ref.10
Chain16 – 224209Beta-casein
PRO_0000004470
Peptide41 – 455Casoparan Ref.12
PRO_0000292031
Peptide113 – 1208Antioxidant peptide Ref.21
PRO_0000320153
Peptide129 – 1368Casohypotensin
PRO_0000308464

Amino acid modifications

Modified residue301Phosphoserine Ref.8 Ref.28 Ref.29
Modified residue321Phosphoserine Ref.8 Ref.28 Ref.29
Modified residue331Phosphoserine Ref.8 Ref.28 Ref.29
Modified residue341Phosphoserine Ref.8 Ref.28 Ref.29
Modified residue501Phosphoserine; in variant A1, variant A2, variant A3, variant B, variant E, variant F, variant G and variant H Ref.28 Ref.29

Natural variations

Natural variant331S → K in variant D. Ref.10
Natural variant401R → C in variant H.
Natural variant511E → K in variant E. Ref.13
Natural variant521E → K in variant C.
Natural variant821P → H in variants A1, B, C, F and G. Ref.21 Ref.4 Ref.6
Natural variant1031L → I in variant H.
Natural variant1081M → L
Natural variant1211H → Q in variant A3. Ref.5 Ref.22
Natural variant1321E → Q in variants A1 and G. Ref.24 Ref.11
Natural variant1371S → R in variant B. Ref.6
Natural variant1521L → P in variants A1 and H. Ref.1
Natural variant1531P → L in variants A1, G and H. Ref.1
Natural variant1671P → L in variant F.
Natural variant1901Q → E in variants A1 and G.

Experimental info

Sequence conflict501S → Z AA sequence Ref.11
Sequence conflict691Q → R in ABL74247. Ref.14
Sequence conflict1121K → R in ABL74247. Ref.14
Sequence conflict2081Y → V in CAC37028. Ref.16
Sequence conflict209 – 2102QE → EQ AA sequence Ref.11
Sequence conflict2101E → Q in AAA30430. Ref.1
Sequence conflict2101E → Q Ref.8
Sequence conflict2121V → A in ABR10906. Ref.15

Sequences

Sequence LengthMass (Da)Tools
P02666-1 [UniParc].

Last modified July 1, 1989. Version 2.
Checksum: F0BBDD8148A238AE

FASTA22425,107
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MKVLILACLV ALALARELEE LNVPGEIVES LSSSEESITR INKKIEKFQS EEQQQTEDEL 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
QDKIHPFAQT QSLVYPFPGP IPNSLPQNIP PLTQTPVVVP PFLQPEVMGV SKVKEAMAPK 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
HKEMPFPKYP VEPFTESQSL TLTDVENLHL PLPLLQSWMH QPHQPLPPTV MFPPQSVLSL 

       190        200        210        220 
SQSKVLPVPQ KAVPYPQRDM PIQAFLLYQE PVLGPVRGPF PIIV 

« Hide

References

« Hide 'large scale' references
[1]"Cloning and sequence analysis of bovine beta-casein cDNA."
Jimenez-Flores R., Kang Y.C., Richardson T.
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 142:617-621(1987) [PubMed: 3814153] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], VARIANTS LEU-108; PRO-152 AND LEU-153.
[2]"Primary structure of bovine beta-casein cDNA."
Baev A.A., Smirnov I.K., Gorodetsky S.I.
Mol. Biol. (Mosk.) 21:214-222(1987)
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], VARIANT HIS-82.
[3]"Complete nucleotide sequences of bovine alpha S2- and beta-casein cDNAs: comparisons with related sequences in other species."
Stewart A.F., Bonsing J., Beattie C.W., Shah F., Willis I.M., Mackinlay A.G.
Mol. Biol. Evol. 4:231-241(1987) [PubMed: 2833669] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[4]"Complete nucleotide sequence of the bovine beta-casein gene."
Bonsing J., Ring J.M., Stewart A.F., Mackinlay A.G.
Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 41:527-537(1988) [PubMed: 3271384] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], VARIANT HIS-82.
[5]"Overproduction of bovine beta-casein in Escherichia coli and engineering of its main chymosin cleavage site."
Simons G., van den Heuvel W., Reynen T., Frijters A., Rutten G., Slangen C.J., Groenen M., de Vos W.M., Siezen R.J.
Protein Eng. 6:763-770(1993) [PubMed: 8248100] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], VARIANT A3 GLN-121.
Tissue: Mammary gland.
[6]NIH - Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) project
Submitted (DEC-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA], VARIANTS HIS-82 AND ARG-137.
Strain: Crossbred X Angus.
Tissue: Liver.
[7]"Invasive potential of bacterial isolates associated with subclinical bovine mastitis."
Anaya-Lopez J.L., Contreras-Guzman O.E., Carabez-Trejo A., Baizabal-Aguirre V.M., Lopez-Meza J.E., Valdez-Alarcon J.J., Ochoa-Zarzosa A.
Res. Vet. Sci. 81:358-361(2006) [PubMed: 16624358] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 1-101.
Tissue: Mammary epithelium.
[8]"Primary structure of bovine beta casein. Complete sequence."
Ribadeau-Dumas B., Brignon G., Grosclaude F., Mercier J.-C.
Eur. J. Biochem. 25:505-514(1972) [PubMed: 4557764] [Abstract]
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 16-224 (VARIANT A2), VARIANT LEU-108.
[9]"A new strategy for primary structure determination of proteins: application to bovine beta-casein."
Carles C., Huet J.-C., Ribadeau-Dumas B.
FEBS Lett. 229:265-272(1988) [PubMed: 3278933] [Abstract]
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 16-224 (VARIANT A2).
[10]"Biochemical, molecular and physiological characterization of a new beta-casein variant detected in Korean cattle."
Han S.K., Shin Y.C., Byun H.D.
Anim. Genet. 31:49-51(2000) [PubMed: 10690361] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 18-57, PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 16-224 (VARIANT H), VARIANT D LYS-33.
Strain: Korean.
Tissue: Milk.
[11]"Analysis of bovine beta-casein tryptic digest by continuous-flow fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry."
Jones D.S., Heerma W., van Wassenaar P.D., Haverkamp J.
Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 5:192-195(1991) [PubMed: 1804413] [Abstract]
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 41-71; 113-157 AND 180-224, VARIANT GLN-132.
[12]"Effects of 'casoparan', a peptide isolated from casein hydrolysates with mastoparan-like properties."
Lebrun I., Cavallaro V., Juliano L., Juliano M.A., de Sousa e Silva M.C.C.
Mediators Inflamm. 13:263-268(2004) [PubMed: 15545057] [Abstract]
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 41-45, FUNCTION.
[13]"The beta E variant and the phosphorylation code of bovine caseins."
Grosclaude F., Mahe M.-F., Voglino G.-F.
FEBS Lett. 45:3-5(1974) [PubMed: 4411121] [Abstract]
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 48-63, VARIANT E LYS-51.
[14]"Polymorphisms in beta and kappa casein genes in bubaline and bovine."
Otaviano A.R., Lima A.L.F., Laureano M.M.M., Albuquerque L.G., Tonhati H., Sena J.A.D.
Submitted (NOV-2006) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 58-223.
[15]"Polymorphism in the cattle beta casein gene."
Shahla M.N., Cheema F.R., Naeem M.K., Riazuddin S.
Submitted (MAY-2007) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 58-223.
[16]"Characterization of milk proteins."
Klotz A., Buchberger J., Krause I., Einspanier R.
Submitted (JAN-2001) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 63-208.
Tissue: Mammary gland.
[17]"Identification of bacterial clones encoding bovine caseins by direct immunological screening of the cDNA library."
Ivanov V.N., Kershulite D.R., Bayev A.A., Akhundova A.A., Sulimova G.E., Judinkova E.S., Gorodetsky S.I.
Gene 32:381-388(1984) [PubMed: 6397405] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 68-105.
[18]"Identification of bacterial clones that encode cow's caseins by direct immunological screening of the cDNA library."
Ivanov V.N., Kershulite D.R., Bayev A.A., Akhundova A.A., Silimova G.E.
Mol. Biol. (Mosk.) 19:955-963(1985) [PubMed: 3900695] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 68-95.
[19]"Peptic digestion of beta-casein: Time course and fate of possible bioactive peptides."
Schmelzer C.E.H., Schoeps R., Reynell L., Ulbrich-Hofmann R., Neubert R.H.H., Raith K.
J. Chromatogr. A 1166:108-115(2007) [PubMed: 17720176] [Abstract]
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 74-108, VARIANT LEU-108, PHOSPHORYLATION, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[20]"A new variant in exon VII of bovine beta-casein gene (CSN2) and its contribution among European cattle breeds."
Jann O., Ceriotti G., Caroli A., Erhardt G.
J. Anim. Breed. Genet. 119:65-68(2002)
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 80-143, VARIANT LEU-108.
[21]"Studies on antioxidative peptides generated in cheddar cheese."
Gupta A., Mann B., Kumar Bajaj R., Sangwan R.B.
Submitted (JAN-2008) to UniProtKB
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 113-120, FUNCTION, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[22]"Localization in the peptide chain of bovine beta casein of the His-Gln substitution differentiating the A2 and A3 genetic variants."
Ribadeau-Dumas B., Grosclaude F., Mercier J.-C.
C. R. Hebd. Seances Acad. Sci., D, Sci. Nat. 270:2369-2372(1970) [PubMed: 4997616] [Abstract]
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 118-124, VARIANT A3 GLN-121.
[23]"Characterization of a non-electrophoretic genetic variant of beta-casein by peptide mapping and mass spectrometric analysis."
Dong C., Ng-Kwai-Hang K.F.
Int. Dairy J. 8:967-972(1998) [Agricola: IND22004684]
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 125-195 (VARIANTS A1 AND G).
[24]"Isolation and characterization of a new bradykinin potentiating octapeptide from gamma-casein."
Lebrun I., Lebrun F.L.A.S., Henriques O.B., Carmona A.K., Juliano L., Camargo A.C.M.
Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 73:85-91(1995) [PubMed: 7600458] [Abstract]
Cited for: PROTEIN SQUENCE OF 129-136, FUNCTION, VARIANT GLN-132.
[25]"Biochemical and pharmacological aspects of two bradykinin-potentiating peptides obtained from tryptic hydrolysis of casein."
Perpetuo E.A., Juliano L., Lebrun I.
J. Protein Chem. 22:601-606(2003) [PubMed: 14714726] [Abstract]
Cited for: PROTEIN SQUENCE OF 129-136, FUNCTION.
[26]"Identification of a new genetic variant of bovine beta-casein using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometric analysis."
Visser S., Slangen C.J., Lagerwerf F.M., Van Dongen W.D., Haverkamp J.
J. Chromatogr. A 711:141-150(1995) [PubMed: 7496485] [Abstract]
Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 160-171 (VARIANT F).
[27]"Construction and identification by partial nucleotide sequence analysis of bovine casein and beta-lactoglobulin cDNA clones."
Willis I.M., Stewart A.F., Caputo A., Thompson A.R., McKinlay A.G.
DNA 1:375-386(1982) [PubMed: 6897774] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 170-184.
[28]"Extended Range Proteomic Analysis (ERPA): a new and sensitive LC-MS platform for high sequence coverage of complex proteins with extensive post-translational modifications-comprehensive analysis of beta-casein and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)."
Wu S.L., Kim J., Hancock W.S., Karger B.
J. Proteome Res. 4:1155-1170(2005) [PubMed: 16083266] [Abstract]
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION AT SER-30; SER-32; SER-33; SER-34 AND SER-50, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[29]"Reference-facilitated phosphoproteomics: fast and reliable phosphopeptide validation by micro LC-ESI-Q-TOF MS/MS."
Imanishi S.Y., Kochin V., Ferraris S.E., de Thonel A., Pallari H.M., Corthals G.L., Eriksson J.E.
Mol. Cell. Proteomics 6:1380-1391(2007) [PubMed: 17510049] [Abstract]
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION AT SER-30; SER-32; SER-33; SER-34 AND SER-50, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[30]"Characterization of genetic variants of alpha-S1 and beta bovine caseins."
Grosclaude F., Mahe M.-F., Mercier J.-C., Ribadeau-Dumas B.
Eur. J. Biochem. 26:328-337(1972) [PubMed: 5064450] [Abstract]
Cited for: VARIANTS A1; B AND C.

Web resources

Protein Spotlight

Of buttons, digestion and glue - Issue 16 of November 2001

Cross-references

Sequence databases

M15132 mRNA. Translation: AAA30430.1.
X06359 mRNA. Translation: CAA29658.1.
M16645 mRNA. Translation: AAA30480.1.
M55158 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA30431.1.
S67277 mRNA. Translation: AAB29137.1.
BC111172 mRNA. Translation: AAI11173.1.
AY899917 mRNA. Translation: AAW84270.1. Different initiation.
AY899918 mRNA. Translation: AAW84271.1. Different initiation.
AF104929, AF104928 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAD09813.1.
EF123100 Genomic DNA. Translation: ABL74247.1. Frameshift.
EF628290 Genomic DNA. Translation: ABR10906.1.
AJ296330 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAC37028.1.
M64756 mRNA. Translation: AAB59254.1.
AY366419 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAR14677.1.
K01087 mRNA. Translation: AAA30481.1.
IPIIPI00697085.
PIRA59068.
KBBOA2. I45873.
RefSeqNP_851351.1.
UniGeneBt.53272

3D structure databases

DisProtDP00329.
ModBaseSearch...

Protein-protein interaction databases

STRINGP02666.

Genome annotation databases

EnsemblENSBTAT00000003409; ENSBTAP00000003409; ENSBTAG00000002632; Bos taurus. [Genome view]
GeneID281099.
KEGGbta:281099.

Organism-specific databases

CTD281099.

Phylogenomic databases

HOVERGENP02666.

Family and domain databases

InterProIPR001588. Casein.
IPR016345. Casein_beta.
[Graphical view]
PfamPF00363. Casein. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
PIRSFPIRSF002372. Beta-casein. 1 hit.
PROSITEPS00306. CASEIN_ALPHA_BETA. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
ProtoNetSearch...

Other Resources

PMAP-CutDBP02666.

Entry information

Entry nameCASB_BOVIN
AccessionPrimary (citable) accession number: P02666
Secondary accession number(s): A1YQZ8 expand/collapse secondary AC list , A6N8V0, Q2TA13, Q5EEQ6, Q5EEQ7, Q6UN63, Q9BDG5, Q9TSD5
Entry history
Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: July 21, 1986
Last sequence update: July 1, 1989
Last modified: September 1, 2009
This is version 96 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]
Entry statusReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation projectHPI (Human Proteome Initiative)

Relevant documents

SIMILARITY comments

Index of protein domains and families

Names and origin · Protein attributes · General annotation (Comments) · Ontologies · Sequence annotation (Features) · Sequences · References · Web resources · Cross-references · Entry information · Relevant documents