P02652 (APOA2_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 1, 2013.
Version 163.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Apolipoprotein A-II Short name=Apo-AII Short name=ApoA-II Alternative name(s): Apolipoprotein A2 Cleaved into the following chain:
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| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 100 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Sequence processing | The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | May stabilize HDL (high density lipoprotein) structure by its association with lipids, and affect the HDL metabolism. |
| Subunit structure | Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Also forms a disulfide-linked heterodimer with APOD. Interacts with HCV core protein. Interacts with APOA1BP and NDRG1. Ref.14 Ref.15 Ref.18 Ref.22 |
| Subcellular location | |
| Tissue specificity | Plasma; synthesized in the liver and intestine. |
| Post-translational modification | Met-49 is oxidized to methionine sulfoxide. Phosphorylation sites are present in the extracellular medium. Apolipoprotein A-II is O-glycosylated. Ref.21 |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the apolipoprotein A2 family. |
| Mass spectrometry | Molecular mass is 17252 Da from positions 24 - 100. Determined by ESI. Homodimer, without methionine sulfoxide. Ref.16 Molecular mass is 17269 Da from positions 24 - 100. Determined by ESI. Homodimer, with 1 methionine sulfoxide, oxidation at Met-49. Ref.16 Molecular mass is 8701.2 Da from positions 24 - 100. Determined by MALDI. Ref.17 Molecular mass is 8823.4 Da from positions 24 - 100. Determined by MALDI. Cysteinylated ApoA-II. Ref.17 Molecular mass is 17421.3 Da from positions 24 - 100. Determined by MALDI. Homodimer. Ref.17 Molecular mass is 17293.4 Da from positions 24 - 100. Determined by MALDI. Heterodimer with truncated apolipoprotein A-II. Ref.17 Molecular mass is 8578.3 Da from positions 24 - 99. Determined by MALDI. Ref.17 Molecular mass is 17166.2 Da from positions 24 - 99. Determined by MALDI. Homodimer. Ref.17 |
Ontologies
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||||||||||||||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Signal peptide | 1 – 18 | 18 | Ref.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Propeptide | 19 – 23 | 5 | PRO_0000002002 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Chain | 24 – 100 | 77 | Apolipoprotein A-II | PRO_0000002003 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Chain | 24 – 99 | 76 | Truncated apolipoprotein A-II | PRO_0000002004 | |||||||||||||||||||
Regions | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Region | 32 – 43 | 12 | O-glycosylated at one site | ||||||||||||||||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modified residue | 24 | 1 | Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid Ref.12 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Modified residue | 49 | 1 | Methionine sulfoxide | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Modified residue | 68 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.19 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 29 | Interchain (with C-136 in APOD); in heterodimeric form Ref.14 Ref.22 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 29 | Interchain; in homodimeric form Ref.5 Ref.14 Ref.22 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Experimental info | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 96 | 1 | Q → H in CAA28583. Ref.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary structure | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Helix Strand Turn | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 31 – 56 | 26 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 58 – 60 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 63 – 69 | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Turn | 70 – 72 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 74 – 77 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 79 – 82 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 88 – 95 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Turn | 96 – 98 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Sequences
References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Isolation and characterisation of a cDNA encoding the precursor for human apolipoprotein AII." Knott T.J., Priestley L.M., Urdea M., Scott J. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 120:734-740(1984) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [2] | "Human apolipoprotein A-II: nucleotide sequence of a cloned cDNA, and localization of its structural gene on human chromosome 1." Moore M.N., Kao F.-T., Tsao Y.-K., Chan L. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 123:1-7(1984) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. |
| [3] | "Human apolipoproteins AI, AII, CII and CIII. cDNA sequences and mRNA abundance." Sharpe C.R., Sidoli A., Shelley C.S., Lucero M.A., Shoulders C.C., Baralle F.E. Nucleic Acids Res. 12:3917-3932(1984) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. |
| [4] | "The human apolipoprotein A-II gene: complete nucleic acid sequence and genomic organization." Lackner K.J., Law S.W., Brewer H.B. Jr. Nucleic Acids Res. 13:4597-4608(1985) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [5] | "The human apolipoprotein AII gene: structural organization and sites of expression." Knott T.J., Wallis S.C., Robertson M.E., Priestley L.M., Urdea M., Rall L.B., Scott J. Nucleic Acids Res. 13:6387-6398(1985) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [6] | "Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of human apolipoprotein A-II cDNA." Chan L., Moore M.N., Tsao Y.-K. Methods Enzymol. 128:745-752(1986) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. |
| [7] | "Sequence polymorphism at the human apolipoprotein AII gene (APOA2): unexpected deficit of variation in an African-American sample." Fullerton S.M., Clark A.G., Weiss K.M., Taylor S.L., Stengard J.H., Salomaa V., Boerwinkle E., Nickerson D.A. Hum. Genet. 111:75-87(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [8] | "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. Sugano S.Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Liver. |
| [9] | "Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector." Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S., Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y., Phelan M., Farmer A. Submitted (MAY-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. |
| [10] | "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1." Gregory S.G., Barlow K.F., McLay K.E., Kaul R., Swarbreck D., Dunham A., Scott C.E., Howe K.L., Woodfine K., Spencer C.C.A., Jones M.C., Gillson C., Searle S., Zhou Y., Kokocinski F., McDonald L., Evans R., Phillips K. Bentley D.R.Nature 441:315-321(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [11] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Skeletal muscle. |
| [12] | "Isolation and characterization of the tryptic and cyanogen bromide peptides of apoLp-Gln-II (apoA-II), plasma high density apolipoprotein." Lux S.E., John K.M., Ronan R., Brewer H.B. Jr. J. Biol. Chem. 247:7519-7527(1972) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 24-100. |
| [13] | "Cell-free translation of human liver apolipoprotein AI and AII mRNA. Processing of primary translation products." Stoffel W., Krueger E., Deutzmann R. Hoppe-Seyler's Z. Physiol. Chem. 364:227-237(1983) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PARTIAL PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 1-29. |
| [14] | "Structure of human apolipoprotein D: locations of the intermolecular and intramolecular disulfide links." Yang C.-Y., Gu Z.-W., Blanco-Vaca F., Gaskell S.J., Yang M., Massey J.B., Gotto A.M. Jr., Pownall H.J. Biochemistry 33:12451-12455(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERCHAIN DISULFIDE BOND WITH APOD. Tissue: Plasma. |
| [15] | "Cloning and characterization of a novel apolipoprotein A-I-binding protein, AI-BP, secreted by cells of the kidney proximal tubules in response to HDL or ApoA-I." Ritter M., Buechler C., Boettcher A., Barlage S., Schmitz-Madry A., Orso E., Bared S.M., Schmiedeknecht G., Baehr C.H., Fricker G., Schmitz G. Genomics 79:693-702(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH APOA1BP. |
| [16] | "Characterization of specifically oxidized apolipoproteins in mildly oxidized high density lipoprotein." Pankhurst G., Wang X.L., Wilcken D.E., Baernthaler G., Panzenboeck U., Raftery M., Stocker R. J. Lipid Res. 44:349-355(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: MASS SPECTROMETRY, OXIDATION AT MET-49 TO METHIONINE SULFOXIDE. |
| [17] | "Novel mass spectrometric immunoassays for the rapid structural characterization of plasma apolipoproteins." Niederkofler E.E., Tubbs K.A., Kiernan U.A., Nedelkov D., Nelson R.W. J. Lipid Res. 44:630-639(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [18] | "NDRG1 interacts with APO A-I and A-II and is a functional candidate for the HDL-C QTL on 8q24." Hunter M., Angelicheva D., Tournev I., Ingley E., Chan D.C., Watts G.F., Kremensky I., Kalaydjieva L. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 332:982-992(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH NDRG1. |
| [19] | "An initial characterization of the serum phosphoproteome." Zhou W., Ross M.M., Tessitore A., Ornstein D., Vanmeter A., Liotta L.A., Petricoin E.F. III J. Proteome Res. 8:5523-5531(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-68, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Serum. |
| [20] | "Initial characterization of the human central proteome." Burkard T.R., Planyavsky M., Kaupe I., Breitwieser F.P., Buerckstuemmer T., Bennett K.L., Superti-Furga G., Colinge J. BMC Syst. Biol. 5:17-17(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. |
| [21] | "LC-MS/MS characterization of O-glycosylation sites and glycan structures of human cerebrospinal fluid glycoproteins." Halim A., Ruetschi U., Larson G., Nilsson J. J. Proteome Res. 12:573-584(2013) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: GLYCOSYLATION, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [22] | "Structures of apolipoprotein A-II and a lipid-surrogate complex provide insights into apolipoprotein-lipid interactions." Kumar M.S., Carson M., Hussain M.M., Murthy H.M. Biochemistry 41:11681-11691(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.0 ANGSTROMS) OF 24-100, SUBUNIT, DISULFIDE BOND. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Web resources
| SHMPD The Singapore human mutation and polymorphism database |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | X04898 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA28583.1. X00955 mRNA. Translation: CAA25467.1. X02905 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA26665.1. X02619 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA26474.1. M29882 mRNA. Translation: AAA51701.1. AY100524 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAM49807.1. AK312034 mRNA. Translation: BAG34971.1. BT006786 mRNA. Translation: AAP35432.1. AL590714 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAH72151.1. BC005282 mRNA. Translation: AAH05282.1. | ||||||||||||||||||
| IPI | IPI00021854. | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIR | LPHUA2. A93586. | ||||||||||||||||||
| RefSeq | NP_001634.1. NM_001643.1. | ||||||||||||||||||
| UniGene | Hs.237658. | ||||||||||||||||||
3D structure databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| PDBe RCSB PDB PDBj |
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| ProteinModelPortal | P02652. | ||||||||||||||||||
| SMR | P02652. Positions 25-100. | ||||||||||||||||||
| ModBase | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||
Protein-protein interaction databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| IntAct | P02652. 2 interactions. | ||||||||||||||||||
| STRING | 9606.ENSP00000356969. | ||||||||||||||||||
PTM databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| PhosphoSite | P02652. | ||||||||||||||||||
Polymorphism databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| DMDM | 114000. | ||||||||||||||||||
2D gel databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| SWISS-2DPAGE | P02652. | ||||||||||||||||||
Proteomic databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| PaxDb | P02652. | ||||||||||||||||||
| PeptideAtlas | P02652. | ||||||||||||||||||
| PRIDE | P02652. | ||||||||||||||||||
Protocols and materials databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| DNASU | 336. | ||||||||||||||||||
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||
Genome annotation databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| Ensembl | ENST00000367990; ENSP00000356969; ENSG00000158874. | ||||||||||||||||||
| GeneID | 336. | ||||||||||||||||||
| KEGG | hsa:336. | ||||||||||||||||||
| UCSC | uc001fzc.1. human. | ||||||||||||||||||
Organism-specific databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| CTD | 336. | ||||||||||||||||||
| GeneCards | GC01M161192. | ||||||||||||||||||
| HGNC | HGNC:601. APOA2. | ||||||||||||||||||
| HPA | CAB025885. | ||||||||||||||||||
| MIM | 107670. gene. | ||||||||||||||||||
| neXtProt | NX_P02652. | ||||||||||||||||||
| Orphanet | 238269. Familial renal amyloidosis due to Apolipoprotein AII variant. | ||||||||||||||||||
| PharmGKB | PA24886. | ||||||||||||||||||
| GenAtlas | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||
Phylogenomic databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| eggNOG | NOG40617. | ||||||||||||||||||
| HOGENOM | HOG000033999. | ||||||||||||||||||
| HOVERGEN | HBG050544. | ||||||||||||||||||
| InParanoid | P02652. | ||||||||||||||||||
| KO | K08758. | ||||||||||||||||||
| OMA | TICSLEG. | ||||||||||||||||||
| OrthoDB | EOG42NJ1Z. | ||||||||||||||||||
| PhylomeDB | P02652. | ||||||||||||||||||
Enzyme and pathway databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| Reactome | REACT_111217. Metabolism. | ||||||||||||||||||
Gene expression databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| Bgee | P02652. | ||||||||||||||||||
| CleanEx | HS_APOA2. | ||||||||||||||||||
| Genevestigator | P02652. | ||||||||||||||||||
| GermOnline | ENSG00000158874. Homo sapiens. | ||||||||||||||||||
Family and domain databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| InterPro | IPR006801. ApoA-II. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||||||||
| PANTHER | PTHR11027. PTHR11027. 1 hit. | ||||||||||||||||||
| Pfam | PF04711. ApoA-II. 1 hit. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||||||||
| ProDom | PD010397. ApoA-II. 1 hit. [Graphical view] [Entries sharing at least one domain] | ||||||||||||||||||
| ProtoNet | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||
Other | |||||||||||||||||||
| ChiTaRS | APOA2. human. | ||||||||||||||||||
| EvolutionaryTrace | P02652. | ||||||||||||||||||
| GenomeRNAi | 336. | ||||||||||||||||||
| NextBio | 1391. | ||||||||||||||||||
| PMAP-CutDB | P02652. | ||||||||||||||||||
| SOURCE | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||
Entry information
| Entry name | APOA2_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: P02652 Secondary accession number(s): B2R524 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
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| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 1 Human chromosome 1: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| PDB cross-references Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
