P01574 (IFNB_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Interferon beta
Short name=IFN-beta

Alternative name(s):
Fibroblast interferon

Gene names

Name:	IFNB1
Synonyms:	IFB, IFNB

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	187 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Has antiviral, antibacterial and anticancer activities.
Subunit structure	Monomer.
Subcellular location	Secreted.
Pharmaceutical use	Available under the names Avonex (Biogen), Betaseron (Berlex) and Rebif (Serono). Used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). Betaseron is a slightly modified form of IFNB1 with two residue substitutions.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the alpha/beta interferon family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Antiviral defense
Cellular component	Secreted
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Domain	Signal
Molecular function	Cytokine
PTM	Disulfide bond Glycoprotein
Technical term	3D-structure Complete proteome Pharmaceutical Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	B cell proliferation Non-traceable author statement PubMed 3135963. Source: UniProtKB activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process Inferred from direct assay PubMed 11337497. Source: UniProtKB adaptive immune response Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara blood coagulation Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome cellular response to exogenous dsRNA Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 19416887. Source: BHF-UCL defense response to bacterium Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara defense response to virus Inferred from direct assay PubMed 19416887. Source: BHF-UCL humoral immune response Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara induction of apoptosis Inferred from direct assay PubMed 11337497. Source: UniProtKB natural killer cell activation Non-traceable author statement PubMed 11987821. Source: UniProtKB negative regulation of T cell differentiation Inferred from direct assay PubMed 20554961. Source: UniProtKB negative regulation of T-helper 2 cell cytokine production Inferred from direct assay PubMed 20554961. Source: UniProtKB negative regulation of cell proliferation Non-traceable author statement PubMed 3872918. Source: UniProtKB negative regulation of viral entry into host cell Non-traceable author statement PubMed 10963806. Source: UniProtKB negative regulation of viral genome replication Inferred from direct assay PubMed 19008854. Source: BHF-UCL negative regulation of viral transcription Inferred from direct assay PubMed 16873258. Source: BHF-UCL positive regulation of innate immune response Non-traceable author statement PubMed 11987821. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation of STAT protein Inferred from direct assay PubMed 18035482. Source: BHF-UCL positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter Inferred from direct assay PubMed 18035482PubMed 19008854. Source: BHF-UCL regulation of MHC class I biosynthetic process Non-traceable author statement PubMed 8805651. Source: UniProtKB regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome
Cellular_component	extracellular region Inferred by curator Ref.7. Source: UniProtKB extracellular space Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Molecular_function	interferon-alpha/beta receptor binding Non-traceable author statement Ref.7. Source: UniProtKB transcription corepressor activity Inferred from direct assay PubMed 16873258. Source: BHF-UCL
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature key

Position(s)

Length

Description

Graphical view

Feature identifier

Molecule processing

Signal peptide

1 – 21

21

Chain

22 – 187

166

Interferon beta

PRO_0000016400

Amino acid modifications

Glycosylation

101

1

N-linked (GlcNAc...)

Disulfide bond

52 ↔ 162

Ref.10

Natural variations

Natural variant

162

1

C → Y in clone PF526, loss of ability to form the essential disulfide bond, loss of antiviral activity.

VAR_004016

Natural variant

164

1

W → C in a breast cancer sample; somatic mutation. Ref.13

VAR_036330

Secondary structure

1

.

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.

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.

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.

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.

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.

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187

Helix Strand Turn

Details...

Helix

24 – 42

19

Helix

51 – 55

5

Helix

63 – 67

5

Helix

73 – 91

19

Helix

96 – 98

3

Helix

102 – 127

26

Turn

137 – 139

3

Helix

140 – 156

17

Turn

157 – 159

3

Helix

161 – 182

22

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P01574 [UniParc]. Last modified July 21, 1986. Version 1. Checksum: 0B013D4087723CEC	FASTA	187	22,294
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MTNKCLLQIA LLLCFSTTAL SMSYNLLGFL QRSSNFQCQK LLWQLNGRLE YCLKDRMNFD 70 80 90 100 110 120 IPEEIKQLQQ FQKEDAALTI YEMLQNIFAI FRQDSSSTGW NETIVENLLA NVYHQINHLK 130 140 150 160 170 180 TVLEEKLEKE DFTRGKLMSS LHLKRYYGRI LHYLKAKEYS HCAWTIVRVE ILRNFYFINR LTGYLRN

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Human fibroblast interferon gene lacks introns." Lawn R.M., Adelman J., Franke A.E., Houck C.M., Gross M., Najarian R., Goeddel D.V. Nucleic Acids Res. 9:1045-1052(1981) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[2]	"Structure of a chromosomal gene for human interferon beta." Ohno S., Taniguchi T. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78:5305-5309(1981) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[3]	"The nucleotide sequence of human fibroblast interferon cDNA." Taniguchi T., Ohno S., Fujii-Kuriyama Y., Muramatsu M. Gene 10:11-15(1980) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[4]	"Isolation and structure of a human fibroblast interferon gene." Derynck R., Content J., Declercq E., Volckaert G., Tavernier J., Devos R., Fiers W. Nature 285:542-547(1980) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[5]	"The complete amino acid sequence of human fibroblast interferon as deduced using synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotide primers of reverse transcriptase." Houghton M., Eaton M.A.W., Stewart A.G., Smith J.C., Doel S.M., Cartlin G.H., Lewis H.M., Patel T.P., Emtage J.S., Carey N.H., Porter A.G. Nucleic Acids Res. 8:2885-2894(1980) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[6]	"Synthesis of human fibroblast interferon by E. coli." Goeddel D.V., Shepard H.M., Yelverton E., Leung D., Crea R., Sloma A., Pestka S. Nucleic Acids Res. 8:4057-4074(1980) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[7]	"On the relationship between human interferon alpha 1 and beta 1 genes." May L.T., Sehgal P.B. J. Interferon Res. 5:521-526(1985) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[8]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
[9]	"The amino-terminal sequence of human fibroblast interferon as deduced from reverse transcripts obtained using synthetic oligonucleotide primers." Houghton M., Stewart A.G., Doel S.M., Emtage J.S., Eaton M.A.W., Smith J.C., Patel T.P., Lewis H.M., Porter A.G., Birch J.R., Cartwright T., Carey N.H. Nucleic Acids Res. 8:1913-1931(1980) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 1-68.
[10]	"Assignment of the disulphide bonds of leukocyte interferon." Wetzel R. Nature 289:606-607(1981) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: DISULFIDE BOND.
[11]	"A single amino acid change in IFN-beta1 abolishes its antiviral activity." Shepard H.M., Leung D., Stebbing N., Goeddel D.V. Nature 294:563-565(1981) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 71-187 (VARIANT CLONE PF526).
[12]	"The crystal structure of human interferon beta at 2.2-A resolution." Karpusas M., Nolte M., Benton C.B., Meier W., Lipscomb W.N., Goelz S. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94:11813-11818(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.2 ANGSTROMS).
[13]	"The consensus coding sequences of human breast and colorectal cancers." Sjoeblom T., Jones S., Wood L.D., Parsons D.W., Lin J., Barber T.D., Mandelker D., Leary R.J., Ptak J., Silliman N., Szabo S., Buckhaults P., Farrell C., Meeh P., Markowitz S.D., Willis J., Dawson D., Willson J.K.V. , Gazdar A.F., Hartigan J., Wu L., Liu C., Parmigiani G., Park B.H., Bachman K.E., Papadopoulos N., Vogelstein B., Kinzler K.W., Velculescu V.E. Science 314:268-274(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] CYS-164.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Web resources

Avonex

Clinical information on Avonex

Betaseron

Clinical information on Betaseron

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBL
GenBank
DDBJ

V00534 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA23795.1.
V00535 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA23796.1.
V00546 mRNA. Translation: CAA23807.1.
V00547 mRNA. Translation: CAA23808.1.
M28622 mRNA. Translation: AAA36040.1.
BC069314 mRNA. Translation: AAH69314.1.

IPI

IPI00003088.

PIR

IVHUB1. A93721.

RefSeq

NP_002167.1. NM_002176.2.

UniGene

Hs.93177.

3D structure databases

PDBe
RCSB PDB
PDBj

Entry	Method	Resolution (Å)	Chain	Positions	PDBsum
1AU1	X-ray	2.20	A/B	22-187	[»]

ProteinModelPortal

P01574.

ModBase

Search...

Protein-protein interaction databases

DIP

DIP-6018N.

STRING

9606.ENSP00000369581.

Protein family/group databases

Allergome

9875. Hom s IFN beta.

PTM databases

PhosphoSite

P01574.

Polymorphism databases

DMDM

124469.

Proteomic databases

PaxDb

P01574.

PRIDE

P01574.

Protocols and materials databases

StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase

Search...

Genome annotation databases

Ensembl

ENST00000380232; ENSP00000369581; ENSG00000171855.

GeneID

3456.

KEGG

hsa:3456.

UCSC

uc003zok.3. human.

Organism-specific databases

CTD

3456.

GeneCards

GC09M021077.

HGNC

HGNC:5434. IFNB1.

HPA

CAB009386.

MIM

147640. gene.

neXtProt

NX_P01574.

PharmGKB

PA29672.

GenAtlas

Search...

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOG

NOG43895.

HOGENOM

HOG000230501.

HOVERGEN

HBG052086.

InParanoid

P01574.

KO

K05415.

OMA

NGRLEYC.

OrthoDB

EOG4Q84ZV.

PhylomeDB

P01574.

Enzyme and pathway databases

Pathway_Interaction_DB

smad2_3nuclearpathway. Regulation of nuclear SMAD2/3 signaling.

Reactome

REACT_604. Hemostasis.
REACT_6900. Immune System.

SignaLink

P01574.

Gene expression databases

ArrayExpress

P01574.

CleanEx

HS_IFNB1.

Genevestigator

P01574.

GermOnline

ENSG00000171855. Homo sapiens.

Family and domain databases

Gene3D

1.20.1250.10. 1 hit.

InterPro

IPR009079. 4_helix_cytokine-like_core.
IPR012351. 4_helix_cytokine_core.
IPR000471. Interferon_alpha/beta/delta.
IPR015588. Interferon_beta.
[Graphical view]

PANTHER

PTHR11691. PTHR11691. 1 hit.
PTHR11691:SF7. PTHR11691:SF7. 1 hit.

Pfam

PF00143. Interferon. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

PRINTS

PR00266. INTERFERONAB.

SMART

SM00076. IFabd. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

SUPFAM

SSF47266. 4_helix_cytokine. 1 hit.

PROSITE

PS00252. INTERFERON_A_B_D. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

ProtoNet

Search...

Other

DrugBank

DB00060. Interferon beta-1a.
DB00068. Interferon beta-1b.

EvolutionaryTrace

P01574.

GenomeRNAi

3456.

NextBio

13618.

PMAP-CutDB

P01574.

SOURCE

Search...

Entry information

Entry name

IFNB_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P01574

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 21, 1986
Last sequence update:	July 21, 1986
Last modified:	May 29, 2013
This is version 152 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.