P01502 (MEL_APIDO) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Melittin

Gene names

Name:

MELT

Organism

Apis dorsata (Giant honeybee)

Taxonomic identifier

7462 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Protostomia › Ecdysozoa › Panarthropoda › Arthropoda › Mandibulata › Pancrustacea › Hexapoda › Insecta › Dicondylia › Pterygota › Neoptera › Endopterygota › Hymenoptera › Apocrita › Aculeata › Apoidea › Apidae › Apinae › Apini › Apis

Protein attributes

Sequence length	26 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Main toxin of bee venom with strong hemolytic activity. Integrates into cell membranes and has multiple effects, probably, as a result of its interaction with negatively charged phospholipids. It inhibits well known transport pumps such as the Na+-K+-ATPase and the H+-K+-ATPase. Increases the permeability of cell membranes to ions, particularly Na+ and indirectly Ca2+, because of the Na+-Ca2+-exchange.
Subunit structure	Monomer and homotetramer By similarity.
Subcellular location	Secreted. Target cell membrane. Note: Forms a transmembrane alpha-helix in the target cell membrane. Forms a membrane channel in the prey.
Tissue specificity	Expressed by the venom gland.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the melittin family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Cytolysis Hemolysis Ion transport Transport
Cellular component	Membrane Secreted Target cell membrane Target membrane
Domain	Transmembrane
Molecular function	Toxin
PTM	Amidation
Technical term	Direct protein sequencing
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	cytolysis Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW hemolysis in other organism Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW ion transport Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW negative regulation of protein kinase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: GOC
Cellular_component	integral to membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW other organism cell membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular_function	protein kinase inhibitor activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Peptide	1 – 26	26	Melittin		PRO_0000044531
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	26	1	Glutamic acid 1-amide Ref.1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P01502 [UniParc]. Last modified July 21, 1986. Version 1. Checksum: F1DA8F92514EF01C	FASTA	26	2,848
	10 20 GIGAILKVLS TGLPALISWI KRKRQE

References

[1]	"The structure of Apis dorsata melittin: phylogenetic relationships between honeybees as deduced from sequence data." Kreil G. FEBS Lett. 54:100-102(1975) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE, AMIDATION AT GLU-26.

Web resources

Protein Spotlight

Why Pooh luvvs hunny - Issue 12 of July 2001

Cross-references

Sequence databases
PIR	MEHBCD. A01763.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	P01502.
SMR	P01502. Positions 1-26.
ModBase	Search...
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR002116. Melittin/Api_allergen. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF01372. Melittin. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProDom	PD014636. Melittin/Api_allergen. 1 hit. [Graphical view] [Entries sharing at least one domain]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
PMAP-CutDB	P01502.

Entry information

Entry name

MEL_APIDO

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P01502

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 21, 1986
Last sequence update:	July 21, 1986
Last modified:	April 3, 2013
This is version 75 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Animal Toxin Annotation Program