Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P01351 (GAST_PIG)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Gastrin
Cleaved into the following 2 chains:
    1- Recommended name:
            Big gastrin
        Alternative name(s):
            Gastrin-34
              Short name=G34
    2- Recommended name:
            Gastrin

Gene names

Name:	GAST
Synonyms:	GAS

Organism

Sus scrofa (Pig)

Taxonomic identifier

9823 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Laurasiatheria › Cetartiodactyla › Suina › Suidae › Sus

Protein attributes

Sequence length	104 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Gastrin stimulates the stomach mucosa to produce and secrete hydrochloric acid and the pancreas to secrete its digestive enzymes. It also stimulates smooth muscle contraction and increases blood circulation and water secretion in the stomach and intestine.
Subcellular location	Secreted.
Post-translational modification	Sulfation enhances proteolytic processing, and blocks peptide degradation. Levels of sulfation differ between proteolytically-cleaved gastrins. Thus, gastrin-6 is almost 73% sulfated, whereas the larger gastrins are less than 50% sulfated. Sulfation levels are also tissue-specific. Ref.5
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the gastrin/cholecystokinin family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Secreted
Domain	Signal
Molecular function	Hormone
PTM	Amidation Cleavage on pair of basic residues Phosphoprotein Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid Sulfation
Technical term	Direct protein sequencing
Gene Ontology (GO)
Cellular component	extracellular region Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	hormone activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 21	21	Potential
	Propeptide	22 – 58	37			PRO_0000010644
	Peptide	59 – 92	34	Big gastrin		PRO_0000010645
	Peptide	76 – 92	17	Gastrin		PRO_0000010646
	Propeptide	96 – 104	9			PRO_0000010647
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	59	1	Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid; in form big gastrin Ref.1
	Modified residue	76	1	Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid; in form gastrin Ref.1
	Modified residue	87	1	Sulfotyrosine; partial
	Modified residue	92	1	Phenylalanine amide By similarity
	Modified residue	96	1	Phosphoserine By similarity

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P01351-1 [UniParc]. Last modified July 21, 1986. Version 1. Checksum: B0BD1D7E05304B79	FASTA	104	11,558
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MQRLCAYVLI HVLALAACSE ASWKPGFQLQ DASSGPGANR GKEPHELDRL GPASHHRRQL 70 80 90 100 GLQGPPHLVA DLAKKQGPWM EEEEEAYGWM DFGRRSAEEG DQRP

References

[1]	"Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of full-length of cDNA coding for porcine gastrin." Yoo O.J., Powell C.T., Agarwal K.L. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79:1049-1053(1982) [PubMed: 6951161] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[2]	"Studies on gastrin mRNA structure using an oligonucleotide probe." Agarwal K.L., Noyes B.E. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 343:433-442(1980) [PubMed: 6930858] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 56-82.
[3]	"The antral hormone gastrin. Structure of gastrin." Gregory H., Hardy P.M., Jones D.S., Kenner G.W., Sheppard R.C. Nature 204:931-933(1964) [PubMed: 14248711] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 76-92.
[4]	"Synthesis of gastrin." Anderson J.C., Barton M.A., Gregory R.A., Hardy P.M., Kenner G.W., McLeod J.K., Preston J., Sheppard R.C., Morley J.S. Nature 204:933-934(1964) [PubMed: 14248712] [Abstract] Cited for: SYNTHESIS.
[5]	"Post-poly(Glu) cleavage and degradation modified by O-sulfated tyrosine: a novel post-translational processing mechanism." Rehfeld J.F., Hansen C.P., Johnsen A.H. EMBO J. 14:389-396(1995) [PubMed: 7530658] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEOLYTIC PROCESSING, MASS SPECTROMETRY, SULFATION AT TYR-87.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	V01303 mRNA. Translation: CAA24610.1. M25036 mRNA. Translation: AAA31111.1.
PIR	GMPGB. A93903.
RefSeq	NP_001004036.1.
UniGene	Ssc.644
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
GeneID	445524.
KEGG	ssc:445524.
Phylogenomic databases
HOVERGEN	P01351.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR001651. Gastrin. IPR013152. Gastrin/cholecystokinin_CS. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF00918. Gastrin. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SMART	SM00029. GASTRIN. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS00259. GASTRIN. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

GAST_PIG

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P01351

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 21, 1986
Last sequence update:	July 21, 1986
Last modified:	June 16, 2009
This is version 70 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

HPI (Human Proteome Initiative)