Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P01323 (INS2_RAT)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Insulin-2
Cleaved into the following 2 chains:
    1- Recommended name:
            Insulin-2 B chain
    2- Recommended name:
            Insulin-2 A chain

Gene names

Name:	Ins2
Synonyms:	Ins-2

Organism

Rattus norvegicus (Rat)

Taxonomic identifier

10116 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Glires › Rodentia › Sciurognathi › Muroidea › Muridae › Murinae › Rattus

Protein attributes

Sequence length	110 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver.
Subunit structure	Heterodimer of a B chain and an A chain linked by two disulfide bonds.
Subcellular location	Secreted.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the insulin family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Carbohydrate metabolism Glucose metabolism
Cellular component	Secreted
Domain	Signal
Molecular function	Hormone
PTM	Cleavage on pair of basic residues Disulfide bond
Technical term	Direct protein sequencing
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	glucose metabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	extracellular space Inferred from direct assay. Source: RGD secretory granule Inferred from direct assay. Source: RGD soluble fraction Inferred from direct assay. Source: RGD
Molecular function	hormone activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW protease binding Inferred from physical interaction. Source: RGD protein complex binding Inferred from physical interaction. Source: RGD
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 24	24	Ref.4
	Peptide	25 – 54	30	Insulin-2 B chain Ref.4 Ref.1		PRO_0000015898
	Propeptide	57 – 87	31	C peptide Ref.5 Ref.6		PRO_0000015899
	Peptide	90 – 110	21	Insulin-2 A chain Ref.1		PRO_0000015900
Amino acid modifications
	Disulfide bond	31 ↔ 96		Interchain (between B and A chains)
	Disulfide bond	43 ↔ 109		Interchain (between B and A chains)
	Disulfide bond	95 ↔ 100		Ref.4

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P01323-1 [UniParc]. Last modified July 21, 1986. Version 1. Checksum: 3A626DA98C86F3CA	FASTA	110	12,339
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MALWIRFLPL LALLILWEPR PAQAFVKQHL CGSHLVEALY LVCGERGFFY TPMSRREVED 70 80 90 100 110 PQVAQLELGG GPGAGDLQTL ALEVARQKRG IVDQCCTSIC SLYQLENYCN

References

[1]	"The structure and evolution of the two nonallelic rat preproinsulin genes." Lomedico P., Rosenthal N., Efstratiadis A., Gilbert W., Kolodner R., Tizard R. Cell 18:545-558(1979) [PubMed: 498284] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: Sprague-Dawley. Tissue: Liver.
[2]	"RNA-mediated gene duplication: the rat preproinsulin I gene is a functional retroposon." Soares M.B., Schin E., Henderson A., Karathanasis S.K., Cate R., Zeitlin S., Chirgwin J., Efstratiadis A. Mol. Cell. Biol. 5:2090-2103(1985) [PubMed: 2427930] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[3]	"The structure of rat preproinsulin genes." Lomedico P.T., Rosenthal N., Kolodner R., Efstratiadis A., Gilbert W. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 343:425-432(1980) [PubMed: 6249167] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[4]	"Proinsulin and the biosynthesis of insulin." Steiner D.F., Clark J.L., Nolan C., Rubenstein A.H., Margoliash E., Aten B., Oyer P.E. Recent Prog. Horm. Res. 25:207-282(1969) [PubMed: 4311938] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 25-54 AND 90-110.
[5]	"Primary structures of the proinsulin connecting peptides of the rat and the horse." Tager H.S., Steiner D.F. J. Biol. Chem. 247:7936-7940(1972) [PubMed: 4640931] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 57-87.
[6]	"Rat-proinsulin C-peptides. Amino-acid sequences." Markussen J., Sundby F. Eur. J. Biochem. 25:153-162(1972) [PubMed: 4554104] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 57-87, SEQUENCE REVISION.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	V01243 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA24560.1. J00748 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA41443.1. M25585, M25583 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA41440.1.
IPI	IPI00212593.
PIR	IPRT2. B90789.
RefSeq	NP_062003.1.
UniGene	Rn.989
3D structure databases
HSSP	HSSP built from PDB template 1APH based on UniProtKB P01317.
SMR	P01323. Positions 25-84.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	P01323.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSRNOT00000027656; ENSRNOP00000027656; ENSRNOG00000020405; Rattus norvegicus. [Genome view]
GeneID	24506.
KEGG	rno:24506.
UCSC	NM_019130. rat.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	24506.
RGD	2916. Ins2.
Phylogenomic databases
HOVERGEN	P01323.
OMA	PAPAFVN.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	P01323.
Genevestigator	P01323.
GermOnline	ENSRNOG00000020405. Rattus norvegicus.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR004825. Ins/IGF/relaxin. IPR016179. Insulin-like. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:1.10.100.10. Ins/IGF/relaxin. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00049. Insulin. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR00277. INSULINB.
ProDom	PD015667. Mollusc_ins. 1 hit. [Graphical view] [Entries sharing at least one domain]
SMART	SM00078. IlGF. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS00262. INSULIN. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other Resources
NextBio	603523.
PMAP-CutDB	P01323.

Entry information

Entry name

INS2_RAT

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P01323

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 21, 1986
Last sequence update:	July 21, 1986
Last modified:	November 3, 2009
This is version 86 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

HPI (Human Proteome Initiative)