P01237 (PRL_RAT) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Prolactin
Short name=PRL

Gene names

Name:

Prl

Organism

Rattus norvegicus (Rat) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

10116 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Glires › Rodentia › Sciurognathi › Muroidea › Muridae › Murinae › Rattus

Protein attributes

Sequence length	226 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Prolactin acts primarily on the mammary gland by promoting lactation.
Subcellular location	Secreted.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the somatotropin/prolactin family.
Sequence caution	The sequence described in Ref.6 differs from that shown. Reason: Differs at a number of positions and in the total number of residues.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Lactation
Cellular component	Secreted
Domain	Signal
Molecular function	Hormone
PTM	Disulfide bond Phosphoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome Direct protein sequencing Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	STAT protein import into nucleus Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara cellular response to hormone stimulus Inferred from expression pattern PubMed 17873321. Source: RGD circadian rhythm Inferred from expression pattern PubMed 17726143. Source: RGD lactation Traceable author statement PubMed 11751614. Source: RGD multicellular organismal response to stress Inferred from expression pattern PubMed 17573075. Source: RGD ovulation cycle Inferred from expression pattern PubMed 17499646. Source: RGD parturition Inferred from expression pattern PubMed 17641097. Source: RGD positive regulation of JAK-STAT cascade Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Inferred from direct assay PubMed 11751614. Source: RGD regulation of ossification Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 17218965. Source: RGD response to drug Inferred from expression pattern PubMed 17581744. Source: RGD response to estradiol stimulus Inferred from expression pattern PubMed 17122082. Source: RGD response to ethanol Inferred from expression pattern PubMed 17526938. Source: RGD response to lipopolysaccharide Inferred from expression pattern PubMed 17706967. Source: RGD response to nutrient Inferred from expression pattern PubMed 17447162. Source: RGD
Cellular_component	extracellular region Inferred from direct assay PubMed 12193569. Source: RGD secretory granule Inferred from direct assay PubMed 17341846. Source: RGD
Molecular_function	hormone activity Traceable author statement PubMed 12193569. Source: RGD prolactin receptor binding Traceable author statement PubMed 11751614. Source: RGD
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 29	29	Ref.5 Ref.6
	Chain	30 – 226	197	Prolactin		PRO_0000032925
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	53	1	Phosphoserine By similarity
	Modified residue	117	1	Phosphoserine By similarity
	Modified residue	162	1	Phosphoserine By similarity
	Disulfide bond	33 ↔ 38		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	85 ↔ 201		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	218 ↔ 226		By similarity
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	10	1	Missing Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	10	1	Missing Ref.3
	Sequence conflict	162	1	S → G Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	162	1	S → G Ref.3
	Sequence conflict	163	1	Q → QE in CAA24561. Ref.1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P01237 [UniParc]. Last modified July 21, 1986. Version 1. Checksum: 755E2874A26862C7	FASTA	226	25,753
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MNSQVSARKA GTLLLLMMSN LLFCQNVQTL PVCSGGDCQT PLPELFDRVV MLSHYIHTLY 70 80 90 100 110 120 TDMFIEFDKQ YVQDREFIAK AINDCPTSSL ATPEDKEQAQ KVPPEVLLNL ILSLVHSWND 130 140 150 160 170 180 PLFQLITGLG GIHEAPDAII SRAKEIEEQN KRLLEGIEKI ISQAYPEAKG NEIYLVWSQL 190 200 210 220 PSLQGVDEES KDLAFYNNIR CLRRDSHKVD NYLKFLRCQI VHKNNC

References

[1]	"Structural analysis of the prolactin gene suggests a separate origin for its 5' end." Cooke N.E., Baxter J.D. Nature 297:603-606(1982) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[2]	"Structure of the rat prolactin gene." Gubbins E.J., Maurer R.A., Lagrimini M., Erwin C.R., Donelson J.E. J. Biol. Chem. 255:8655-8662(1980) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[3]	"Structure of cloned DNA complementary to rat prolactin messenger RNA." Cooke N.E., Coit D.C., Weiner R.I., Baxter J.D., Martial J.A. J. Biol. Chem. 255:6502-6510(1980) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[4]	Shaw-Bruha C.M., Pennington K.L., Shull J.D. Submitted (OCT-1997) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE. Strain: Wistar. Tissue: Pituitary tumor.
[5]	"Complete amino acid sequence of the precursor region of rat prolactin." McKean D.J., Maurer R.A. Biochemistry 17:5215-5219(1978) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 1-29.
[6]	"Human pituitary prolactin (hPRL): the entire linear amino acid sequence." Shome B., Parlow A.F. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 45:1112-1115(1977) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 30-226.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	V01244 , V01245, V01246, V01247, V01248 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA24561.1. J00769 , J00766, J00767, J00768 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA41939.1. V01249 mRNA. Translation: CAA24562.1. AF022935 mRNA. Translation: AAC78688.1.
IPI	IPI00211671.
PIR	LCRT. A93279.
RefSeq	NP_036761.1. NM_012629.1.
UniGene	Rn.9759.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	P01237.
ModBase	Search...
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	P01237.
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	P01237.
PRIDE	P01237.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSRNOT00000023412; ENSRNOP00000023412; ENSRNOG00000017374.
GeneID	24683.
KEGG	rno:24683.
UCSC	RGD:3403. rat.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	5617.
RGD	3403. Prl.
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	NOG47376.
GeneTree	ENSGT00390000011344.
HOGENOM	HOG000264241.
HOVERGEN	HBG104895.
InParanoid	P01237.
KO	K05439.
OrthoDB	EOG4FFD32.
Enzyme and pathway databases
Reactome	REACT_109781. Immune System. REACT_111984. Signal Transduction.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	P01237.
Genevestigator	P01237.
GermOnline	ENSRNOG00000017374. Rattus norvegicus.
Family and domain databases
Gene3D	1.20.1250.10. 1 hit.
InterPro	IPR009079. 4_helix_cytokine-like_core. IPR012351. 4_helix_cytokine_core. IPR001400. Somatotropin. IPR018116. Somatotropin_CS. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR11417. PTHR11417. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00103. Hormone_1. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR00836. SOMATOTROPIN.
SUPFAM	SSF47266. 4_helix_cytokine. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS00266. SOMATOTROPIN_1. 1 hit. PS00338. SOMATOTROPIN_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
NextBio	604101.

Entry information

Entry name

PRL_RAT

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P01237
Secondary accession number(s): P70520

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 21, 1986
Last sequence update:	July 21, 1986
Last modified:	April 3, 2013
This is version 102 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program