P01233 (CGHB_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 1, 2013.
Version 159.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Choriogonadotropin subunit beta Short name=CG-beta Alternative name(s): Chorionic gonadotrophin chain beta | |||||||||||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | |||||||||||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | |||||||||||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 165 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Sequence processing | The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Stimulates the ovaries to synthesize the steroids that are essential for the maintenance of pregnancy. |
| Subunit structure | Heterodimer of a common alpha chain and a unique beta chain which confers biological specificity to thyrotropin, lutropin, follitropin and gonadotropin. |
| Subcellular location | |
| Tissue specificity | Placenta. |
| Developmental stage | Made by the first trimester placenta. |
| Pharmaceutical use | Available under the names Novarel (Ferring) and Profasi (Serono). Used as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of obesity. There is no substantial evidence that it increases weight loss beyond that resulting from caloric restriction, that it causes a more attractive or 'normal' distribution of fat, or that it decreases the hunger and discomfort associated with calorie-restricted diets. |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the glycoprotein hormones subunit beta family. |
| Sequence caution | The sequence CAA25068.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. The sequence CAA25069.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. |
Ontologies
Alternative products
| This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: P01233-1) This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: P01233-2) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-4: MEMF → MGRPGLGAAVSDPGEAVSLS |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | |||||||||||||||
Molecule processing | ||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Signal peptide | 1 – 20 | 20 | Ref.1 Ref.12 Ref.13 | |||||||||||||||||
| Chain | 21 – 165 | 145 | Choriogonadotropin subunit beta | PRO_0000011676 | ||||||||||||||||
Amino acid modifications | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Glycosylation | 33 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) | CAR_000042 | ||||||||||||||||
| Glycosylation | 50 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) | CAR_000043 | ||||||||||||||||
| Glycosylation | 141 | 1 | O-linked (GalNAc...) Ref.12 | |||||||||||||||||
| Glycosylation | 147 | 1 | O-linked (GalNAc...) Ref.12 | |||||||||||||||||
| Glycosylation | 152 | 1 | O-linked (GalNAc...) Ref.12 | |||||||||||||||||
| Glycosylation | 158 | 1 | O-linked (GalNAc...) Ref.12 | |||||||||||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 29 ↔ 77 | Ref.14 Ref.15 Ref.17 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 43 ↔ 92 | Ref.14 Ref.15 Ref.17 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 46 ↔ 130 | Ref.14 Ref.15 Ref.17 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 54 ↔ 108 | Ref.14 Ref.15 Ref.17 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 58 ↔ 110 | Ref.14 Ref.15 Ref.17 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 113 ↔ 120 | Ref.14 Ref.15 Ref.17 | ||||||||||||||||||
Natural variations | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 4 | 4 | MEMF → MGRPGLGAAVSDPGEAVSLS in isoform 2. | VSP_038396 | ||||||||||||||||
| Natural variant | 4 | 1 | F → L. Ref.8 Corresponds to variant rs6516 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_014585 | ||||||||||||||||
| Natural variant | 18 | 1 | T → A. Ref.11 | VAR_015231 | ||||||||||||||||
| Natural variant | 22 | 1 | K → R. Ref.11 Corresponds to variant rs6518 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_014586 | ||||||||||||||||
| Natural variant | 24 | 1 | P → M Requires 2 nucleotide substitutions. Ref.3 Ref.11 | VAR_015232 | ||||||||||||||||
| Natural variant | 28 | 1 | R → W. Ref.11 | VAR_015233 | ||||||||||||||||
| Natural variant | 30 | 1 | R → H. Ref.11 | VAR_015234 | ||||||||||||||||
| Natural variant | 35 | 1 | T → I. Ref.11 Corresponds to variant rs6515 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_014587 | ||||||||||||||||
| Natural variant | 97 | 1 | N → D. Corresponds to variant rs6519 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_014588 | ||||||||||||||||
| Natural variant | 137 | 1 | D → A in gene 6. Ref.2 Ref.3 Ref.8 Ref.11 Corresponds to variant rs7452 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_003188 | ||||||||||||||||
| Natural variant | 147 | 1 | S → C. Ref.11 | VAR_015235 | ||||||||||||||||
Experimental info | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 123 | 1 | P → T in AAL69709. Ref.11 | |||||||||||||||||
| Isoform 2: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 7 | 1 | G → R in CAA25069. Ref.2 | |||||||||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 9 | 1 | A → V in CAA25069. Ref.2 | |||||||||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 12 | 1 | D → G in CAA25069. Ref.2 | |||||||||||||||||
Secondary structure | ||||||||||||||||||||
Helix Strand Turn | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 25 – 38 | 14 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 47 – 60 | 14 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 75 – 88 | 14 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 99 – 112 | 14 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Turn | 115 – 117 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 118 – 121 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "The cDNA for the beta-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin suggests evolution of a gene by readthrough into the 3'-untranslated region." Fiddes J.C., Goodman H.M. Nature 286:684-687(1980) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). |
| [2] | "Evolution of the genes for the beta subunits of human chorionic gonadotropin and luteinizing hormone." Talmadge K., Vamvakopoulos N.C., Fiddes J.C. Nature 307:37-40(1984) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], VARIANT ALA-137. |
| [3] | "The beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin is encoded by multiple genes." Policastro P., Ovitt C.E., Hoshina M., Fukuoka H., Boothby M.R., Boime I. J. Biol. Chem. 258:11492-11499(1983) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], VARIANTS MET-24 AND ALA-137. |
| [4] | "Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector." Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S., Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y., Phelan M., Farmer A. Submitted (MAY-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). |
| [5] | "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. Sugano S.Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Placenta. |
| [6] | "The DNA sequence and biology of human chromosome 19." Grimwood J., Gordon L.A., Olsen A.S., Terry A., Schmutz J., Lamerdin J.E., Hellsten U., Goodstein D., Couronne O., Tran-Gyamfi M., Aerts A., Altherr M., Ashworth L., Bajorek E., Black S., Branscomb E., Caenepeel S., Carrano A.V. Lucas S.M.Nature 428:529-535(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [7] | Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. Venter J.C.Submitted (JUL-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [8] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANTS LEU-4 AND ALA-137. Tissue: Brain and Placenta. |
| [9] | "The amino acid sequences of the prepeptides contained in the alpha and beta subunits of human choriogonadotropin." Birken S., Fetherston J., Canfield R.E., Boime I. J. Biol. Chem. 256:1816-1823(1981) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 1-20. |
| [10] | "A map of the hCG beta-LH beta gene cluster." Policastro P.F., Daniels-Mcqueen S., Carle G., Boime I. J. Biol. Chem. 261:5907-5916(1986) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-5. |
| [11] | "Chorionic gonadotropin has a recent origin within primates and an evolutionary history of selection." Maston G.A., Ruvolo M. Mol. Biol. Evol. 19:320-335(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 6-164, VARIANTS ALA-18; ARG-22; MET-24; TRP-28; HIS-30; ILE-35; ALA-137 AND CYS-147. |
| [12] | "The amino acid sequence of human chorionic gonadotropin. The alpha subunit and beta subunit." Morgan F.J., Birken S., Canfield R.E. J. Biol. Chem. 250:5247-5258(1975) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 21-165. |
| [13] | "Human chorionic gonadotropin. Linear amino acid sequence of the beta subunit." Carlsen R.B., Bahl O.P., Swaminathan N. J. Biol. Chem. 248:6810-6827(1973) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PRELIMINARY PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 21-165. |
| [14] | "Assignment of disulfide bonds in the beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin." Mise T., Bahl O.P. J. Biol. Chem. 256:6587-6592(1981) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PRELIMINARY ASSIGNMENT OF DISULFIDE BONDS. |
| [15] | "Role of disulfide bond formation in the folding of human chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit into an alpha beta dimer assembly-competent form." Saccuzo Beebe J., Mountjoy K., Krzesicki R.F., Perini F., Ruddon R.W. J. Biol. Chem. 265:312-317(1990) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: DISULFIDE BONDS. |
| [16] | "Site-specific N-glycosylation of human chorionic gonadotrophin --structural analysis of glycopeptides by one- and two-dimensional 1H NMR spectroscopy." Weisshaar G., Hiyama J., Renwick A.G.C. Glycobiology 1:393-404(1991) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: STRUCTURE OF CARBOHYDRATES. |
| [17] | "Crystal structure of human chorionic gonadotropin." Lapthorn A.J., Harris D.C., Littlejohn A., Lustbader J.W., Canfield R.E., Machin K.J., Morgan F.J., Isaacs N.W. Nature 369:455-461(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (3.0 ANGSTROMS). |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Web resources
| Wikipedia Chorionic gonadotropin entry |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | J00117 mRNA. Translation: AAA96690.1. X00265 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA25068.1. Different initiation. X00266 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA25069.1. Different initiation. K03189, K03187, K03188 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA53288.1. K03183, K00092, K03182 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA53287.1. BT006890 mRNA. Translation: AAP35536.1. AK291552 mRNA. Translation: BAF84241.1. AC008687 Genomic DNA. No translation available. CH471177 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW52434.1. CH471177 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW52437.1. CH471177 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW52438.1. CH471177 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW52439.1. BC006290 mRNA. Translation: AAH06290.1. BC022796 mRNA. Translation: AAH22796.1. BC030994 mRNA. Translation: AAH30994.1. BC041054 mRNA. Translation: AAH41054.1. BC051378 mRNA. Translation: AAH51378.1. BC069526 mRNA. Translation: AAH69526.1. BC103969 mRNA. Translation: AAI03970.1. BC103970 mRNA. Translation: AAI03971.1. BC103971 mRNA. Translation: AAI03972.1. BC106059 mRNA. Translation: AAI06060.1. BC106723 mRNA. Translation: AAI06724.1. BC106724 mRNA. Translation: AAI06725.1. BC128603 mRNA. Translation: AAI28604.1. M13503 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA52009.1. M13504 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA52005.1. M13505 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA52008.1. AF397576 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAL69704.1. AF397577 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAL69705.1. AF397578 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAL69706.1. AF397579 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAL69707.1. AF397580 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAL69708.1. AF397581 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAL69709.1. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| IPI | IPI00000870. IPI00954109. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PIR | KTHUB. A93230. I37231. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| RefSeq | NP_000728.1. NM_000737.3. NP_149032.1. NM_033043.1. NP_149133.1. NM_033142.1. NP_149439.1. NM_033183.2. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| UniGene | Hs.172944. Hs.446683. Hs.659014. Hs.681647. Hs.740996. Hs.741782. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3D structure databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PDBe RCSB PDB PDBj |
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| DisProt | DP00013. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ProteinModelPortal | P01233. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ModBase | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Protein-protein interaction databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DIP | DIP-6183N. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PTM databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GlycoSuiteDB | P01233. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PhosphoSite | P01233. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Proteomic databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PaxDb | P01233. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PeptideAtlas | P01233. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PRIDE | P01233. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Protocols and materials databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DNASU | 1082. 93659. 94027. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genome annotation databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ensembl | ENST00000301408; ENSP00000301408; ENSG00000189052. ENST00000357383; ENSP00000349954; ENSG00000104827. ENST00000377280; ENSP00000366493; ENSG00000196337. ENST00000448456; ENSP00000403649; ENSG00000213030. ENST00000596965; ENSP00000469076; ENSG00000196337. ENST00000597853; ENSP00000470813; ENSG00000196337. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GeneID | 1082. 93659. 94027. 94115. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| KEGG | hsa:1082. hsa:93659. hsa:94027. hsa:94115. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| UCSC | uc002plv.2. human. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Organism-specific databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CTD | 1082. 93659. 94027. 94115. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GeneCards | GC19M049526. GC19M049550. GC19M049557. GC19P049547. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HGNC | HGNC:1886. CGB. HGNC:16452. CGB5. HGNC:16451. CGB7. HGNC:16453. CGB8. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HPA | CAB000042. CAB010884. HPA038925. HPA038934. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MIM | 118860. gene. 608825. gene. 608826. gene. 608827. gene. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| neXtProt | NX_P01233. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PharmGKB | PA26439. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GenAtlas | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Phylogenomic databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| eggNOG | NOG284462. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| HOVERGEN | HBG006698. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| InParanoid | P01233. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| KO | K10045. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| OrthoDB | EOG4STS5W. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PhylomeDB | P01233. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Enzyme and pathway databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reactome | REACT_111217. Metabolism. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gene expression databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ArrayExpress | P01233. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bgee | P01233. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CleanEx | HS_CGB. HS_CGB5. HS_CGB7. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genevestigator | P01233. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GermOnline | ENSG00000104827. Homo sapiens. ENSG00000189052. Homo sapiens. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Family and domain databases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| InterPro | IPR006208. Cys_knot. IPR001545. Gonadotropin_bsu. IPR018245. Gonadotropin_bsu_CS. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PANTHER | PTHR11515. PTHR11515. 1 hit. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pfam | PF00007. Cys_knot. 1 hit. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SMART | SM00068. GHB. 1 hit. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PROSITE | PS00261. GLYCO_HORMONE_BETA_1. 1 hit. PS00689. GLYCO_HORMONE_BETA_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ProtoNet | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DrugBank | DB00097. Choriogonadotropin alfa. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| EvolutionaryTrace | P01233. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NextBio | 4508. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SOURCE | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Entry information
| Entry name | CGHB_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: P01233 Secondary accession number(s): A1A5E0 Q8WXL4 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
| ||||||||
| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 19 Human chromosome 19: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| PDB cross-references Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
