P01211 (PENK_BOVIN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Proenkephalin-A

Cleaved into the following 9 chains:

1. Synenkephalin
2. Met-enkephalin
   Alternative name(s):
   Opioid growth factor
   Short name=OGF
3. PENK(111-130)
4. PENK(140-179)
5. Met-enkephalin-Arg-Gly-Leu
6. Leu-enkephalin
7. Enkelytin
8. PENK(233-254)
9. Met-enkephalin-Arg-Phe

Gene names

Name:

PENK

Organism

Bos taurus (Bovine) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9913 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Laurasiatheria › Cetartiodactyla › Ruminantia › Pecora › Bovidae › Bovinae › Bos

Protein attributes

Sequence length	263 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Met- and Leu-enkephalins compete with and mimic the effects of opiate drugs. They play a role in a number of physiologic functions, including pain perception and responses to stress. PENK(111-130) and PENK(233-254) increase glutamate release in the striatum. PENK(111-130) decreases GABA concentration in the striatum. Enkelytin possesses antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria such as Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus megaterium.
Subcellular location	Secreted.
Post-translational modification	The N-terminal domain contains 6 conserved cysteines thought to be involved in disulfide bonding and/or processing.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the opioid neuropeptide precursor family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Secreted
Domain	Signal
Molecular function	Antibiotic Antimicrobial Endorphin Neuropeptide Opioid peptide
PTM	Cleavage on pair of basic residues Disulfide bond
Technical term	Complete proteome Direct protein sequencing Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	behavioral fear response Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara defense response to bacterium Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW neuropeptide signaling pathway Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW sensory perception of pain Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara
Cellular_component	extracellular region Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 24	24	Potential
	Peptide	25 – 94	70	Synenkephalin		PRO_0000008206
	Peptide	97 – 101	5	Met-enkephalin		PRO_0000008207
	Peptide	104 – 108	5	Met-enkephalin		PRO_0000008208
	Peptide	111 – 130	20	PENK(111-130) By similarity		PRO_0000377682
	Peptide	133 – 137	5	Met-enkephalin		PRO_0000008210
	Peptide	140 – 179	40	PENK(140-179) By similarity		PRO_0000377683
	Peptide	182 – 189	8	Met-enkephalin-Arg-Gly-Leu		PRO_0000008212
	Propeptide	192 – 203	12			PRO_0000008213
	Peptide	206 – 210	5	Met-enkephalin		PRO_0000008214
	Propeptide	213 – 223	11			PRO_0000008215
	Peptide	226 – 230	5	Leu-enkephalin		PRO_0000008216
	Peptide	233 – 261	29	Enkelytin Ref.5		PRO_0000008217
	Peptide	233 – 254	22	PENK(233-254) By similarity		PRO_0000377684
	Peptide	257 – 263	7	Met-enkephalin-Arg-Phe		PRO_0000008218
Amino acid modifications
	Disulfide bond	26 ↔ 48		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	30 ↔ 52		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	33 ↔ 65		By similarity

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P01211 [UniParc]. Last modified July 21, 1986. Version 1. Checksum: 0E400338A228B0D8	FASTA	263	29,788
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MARFLGLCTW LLALGPGLLA TVRAECSQDC ATCSYRLARP TDLNPLACTL ECEGKLPSLK 70 80 90 100 110 120 TWETCKELLQ LTKLELPPDA TSALSKQEES HLLAKKYGGF MKRYGGFMKK MDELYPLEVE 130 140 150 160 170 180 EEANGGEVLG KRYGGFMKKD AEEDDGLGNS SNLLKELLGA GDQREGSLHQ EGSDAEDVSK 190 200 210 220 230 240 RYGGFMRGLK RSPHLEDETK ELQKRYGGFM RRVGRPEWWM DYQKRYGGFL KRFAEPLPSE 250 260 EEGESYSKEV PEMEKRYGGF MRF

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Cloning and sequence analysis of cDNA for bovine adrenal preproenkephalin." Noda M., Furutani Y., Takahashi H., Toyosato M., Hirose T., Inayama S., Nakanishi S., Numa S. Nature 295:202-206(1982) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[2]	NIH - Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) project Submitted (DEC-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: Crossbred X Angus. Tissue: Liver.
[3]	"Molecular cloning establishes proenkephalin as precursor of enkephalin-containing peptides." Gubler U., Seeburg P., Hoffman B.J., Gage L.P., Udenfriend S. Nature 295:206-208(1982) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 47-263.
[4]	"Partial characterization of the mRNA that codes for enkephalins in bovine adrenal medulla and human pheochromocytoma." Comb M., Herbert E., Crea R. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 79:360-364(1982) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 211-229.
[5]	"The C-terminal bisphosphorylated proenkephalin-A-(209-237)-peptide from adrenal medullary chromaffin granules possesses antibacterial activity." Goumon Y., Strub J.-M., Moniatte M., Nulans G., Poteur L., Hubert P., van Dorsselaer A., Aunis D., Metz-Boutigue M.-H. Eur. J. Biochem. 235:516-525(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 233-261. Tissue: Chromaffin cell.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	V00109 mRNA. Translation: CAA23443.1. BC111279 mRNA. Translation: AAI11280.1. V00108 mRNA. Translation: CAA23442.1. J00012 mRNA. Translation: AAA30673.1.
IPI	IPI00707802.
PIR	EQBOA. A93272.
RefSeq	NP_776566.1. NM_174141.2.
UniGene	Bt.166.
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	9913.ENSBTAP00000006478.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	P01211.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSBTAT00000006478; ENSBTAP00000006478; ENSBTAG00000004924.
GeneID	281387.
KEGG	bta:281387.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	5179.
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	NOG40630.
GeneTree	ENSGT00530000063761.
HOGENOM	HOG000013003.
HOVERGEN	HBG000063.
InParanoid	P01211.
OMA	GGFMKKD.
OrthoDB	EOG4HMJBF.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR006024. Opioid_neupept. IPR000703. Proenkphlin_A. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR11438. PTHR11438. 1 hit. PTHR11438:SF3. PTHR11438:SF3. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF01160. Opiods_neuropep. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR01028. OPIOIDPRCRSR. PR01029. PENKAPRCRSR.
PROSITE	PS01252. OPIOIDS_PRECURSOR. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
NextBio	20805387.

Entry information

Entry name

PENK_BOVIN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P01211
Secondary accession number(s): Q2T9T4

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 21, 1986
Last sequence update:	July 21, 1986
Last modified:	April 3, 2013
This is version 91 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program