P01112 (RASH_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
GTPase HRas

Alternative name(s):
H-Ras-1
Ha-Ras
Transforming protein p21
c-H-ras
p21ras

Cleaved into the following chain:

1. GTPase HRas, N-terminally processed

Gene names

Name:	HRAS
Synonyms:	HRAS1

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	189 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Ras proteins bind GDP/GTP and possess intrinsic GTPase activity. Ref.4 Ref.20 Ref.37
Enzyme regulation	Alternate between an inactive form bound to GDP and an active form bound to GTP. Activated by a guanine nucleotide-exchange factor (GEF) and inactivated by a GTPase-activating protein (GAP).
Subunit structure	In its GTP-bound form interacts with PLCE1. Interacts with TBC1D10C. Interacts with RGL3. Interacts with HSPD1. Found in a complex with at least BRAF, HRAS1, MAP2K1, MAPK3 and RGS14. Interacts (active GTP-bound form) with RGS14 (via RBD 1 domain) By similarity. Forms a signaling complex with RASGRP1 and DGKZ. Interacts with RASSF5. Interacts with PDE6D. Interacts with IKZF3. Interacts with GNB2L1. Interacts with PIK3CG; the interaction is required for membrane recruitment and beta-gamma G protein dimer-dependent activation of the PI3K gamma complex PIK3CG:PIK3R6 By similarity. Ref.4 Ref.21 Ref.22 Ref.23 Ref.24 Ref.28
Subcellular location	Cell membrane. Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side. Golgi apparatus. Golgi apparatus membrane; Lipid-anchor. Note: The active GTP-bound form is localized most strongly to membranes than the inactive GDP-bound form By similarity. Shuttles between the plasma membrane and the Golgi apparatus. Ref.4 Ref.27 Isoform 2: Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm › perinuclear region. Note: Colocalizes with GNB2L1 to the perinuclear region. Ref.4 Ref.27
Tissue specificity	Widely expressed. Ref.4
Post-translational modification	Palmitoylated by the ZDHHC9-GOLGA7 complex. A continuous cycle of de- and re-palmitoylation regulates rapid exchange between plasma membrane and Golgi. Ref.18 Ref.19 Ref.26 Ref.27 S-nitrosylated; critical for redox regulation. Important for stimulating guanine nucleotide exchange. No structural perturbation on nitrosylation. The covalent modification of cysteine by 15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin-J2 is autocatalytic and reversible. It may occur as an alternative to other cysteine modifications, such as S-nitrosylation and S-palmitoylation. Ref.18 Ref.19 Ref.26 Ref.27 Acetylation at Lys-104 prevents interaction with guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) By similarity.
Involvement in disease	Faciocutaneoskeletal syndrome (FCSS) [MIM:218040]: A rare condition characterized by prenatally increased growth, postnatal growth deficiency, mental retardation, distinctive facial appearance, cardiovascular abnormalities (typically pulmonic stenosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and/or atrial tachycardia), tumor predisposition, skin and musculoskeletal abnormalities. Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ref.42 Ref.43 Ref.44 Ref.45 Ref.47 Ref.48 Ref.49 Congenital myopathy with excess of muscle spindles (CMEMS) [MIM:218040]: Variant of Costello syndrome. Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ref.46 Hurthle cell thyroid carcinoma (HCTC) [MIM:607464]: A rare type of thyroid cancer accounting for only about 3-10% of all differentiated thyroid cancers. These neoplasms are considered a variant of follicular carcinoma of the thyroid and are referred to as follicular carcinoma, oxyphilic type. Note: Disease susceptibility is associated with variations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Mutations which change positions 12, 13 or 61 activate the potential of HRAS to transform cultured cells and are implicated in a variety of human tumors. Bladder cancer (BLC) [MIM:109800]: A malignancy originating in tissues of the urinary bladder. It often presents with multiple tumors appearing at different times and at different sites in the bladder. Most bladder cancers are transitional cell carcinomas that begin in cells that normally make up the inner lining of the bladder. Other types of bladder cancer include squamous cell carcinoma (cancer that begins in thin, flat cells) and adenocarcinoma (cancer that begins in cells that make and release mucus and other fluids). Bladder cancer is a complex disorder with both genetic and environmental influences. Note: Disease susceptibility is associated with variations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Defects in HRAS are the cause of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Ref.40 Schimmelpenning-Feuerstein-Mims syndrome (SFM) [MIM:163200]: A disease characterized by sebaceous nevi, often on the face, associated with variable ipsilateral abnormalities of the central nervous system, ocular anomalies, and skeletal defects. Many oral manifestations have been reported, not only including hypoplastic and malformed teeth, and mucosal papillomatosis, but also ankyloglossia, hemihyperplastic tongue, intraoral nevus, giant cell granuloma, ameloblastoma, bone cysts, follicular cysts, oligodontia, and odontodysplasia. Sebaceous nevi follow the lines of Blaschko and these can continue as linear intraoral lesions, as in mucosal papillomatosis. Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ref.50
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Ras family.
Mass spectrometry	Molecular mass is 6223±2 Da from positions 112 - 166. Determined by ESI. Ref.20 Molecular mass is 6253±2 Da from positions 112 - 166. Determined by ESI. Includes one nitric oxide molecule. Ref.20

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Cell membrane Cytoplasm Golgi apparatus Membrane Nucleus
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing
Disease	Disease mutation Proto-oncogene
Ligand	GTP-binding Nucleotide-binding
PTM	Acetylation Lipoprotein Methylation Palmitate Prenylation S-nitrosylation
Technical term	3D-structure Complete proteome Direct protein sequencing Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	MAPK cascade Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome Ras protein signal transduction Inferred from direct assay PubMed 23027131. Source: BHF-UCL actin cytoskeleton organization Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara activation of MAPKK activity Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome axon guidance Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome blood coagulation Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome cell cycle arrest Inferred from direct assay PubMed 9054499. Source: BHF-UCL cell proliferation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara cellular senescence Inferred from direct assay PubMed 9054499. Source: BHF-UCL endocytosis Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome induction of apoptosis Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara innate immune response Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome insulin receptor signaling pathway Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara leukocyte migration Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome mitotic cell cycle checkpoint Inferred from direct assay PubMed 9054499. Source: BHF-UCL negative regulation of Rho GTPase activity Inferred from direct assay PubMed 23027131. Source: BHF-UCL negative regulation of cell proliferation Inferred from direct assay PubMed 9054499. Source: BHF-UCL negative regulation of gene expression Inferred from direct assay PubMed 23027131. Source: BHF-UCL negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome organ morphogenesis Traceable author statement PubMed 10848592. Source: ProtInc positive regulation of DNA replication Inferred from direct assay PubMed 9765203. Source: BHF-UCL positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade Inferred from direct assay PubMed 22065586. Source: BHF-UCL positive regulation of JNK cascade Inferred from direct assay PubMed 22065586. Source: BHF-UCL positive regulation of MAP kinase activity Inferred from direct assay PubMed 23027131. Source: BHF-UCL positive regulation of Rac GTPase activity Inferred from direct assay PubMed 23027131. Source: BHF-UCL positive regulation of Rac protein signal transduction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara positive regulation of actin cytoskeleton reorganization Inferred from direct assay PubMed 23027131. Source: BHF-UCL positive regulation of cell migration Inferred from direct assay PubMed 23027131. Source: BHF-UCL positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 20154697. Source: BHF-UCL positive regulation of miRNA metabolic process Inferred from direct assay PubMed 23027131. Source: BHF-UCL positive regulation of ruffle assembly Inferred from direct assay PubMed 23027131. Source: BHF-UCL positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter Inferred from direct assay PubMed 22065586PubMed 23027131. Source: BHF-UCL positive regulation of wound healing Inferred from direct assay PubMed 23027131. Source: BHF-UCL protein heterooligomerization Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara social behavior Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara striated muscle cell differentiation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara synaptic transmission Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome visual learning Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara
Cellular_component	Golgi apparatus Inferred from direct assay Ref.4. Source: UniProtKB Golgi membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell cytosol Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome nucleus Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell perinuclear region of cytoplasm Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell plasma membrane Inferred from direct assay Ref.4. Source: UniProtKB
Molecular_function	GTP binding Inferred from direct assay Ref.4. Source: UniProtKB GTPase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Complete GO annotation...

Binary interactions

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
BRAP	Q7Z569	3	EBI-350145,EBI-349900
Pik3ca	P42337	2	EBI-350145,EBI-641748	From a different organism.
PIK3CD	O00329	2	EBI-350145,EBI-718309
PIK3CD	O00329-2	2	EBI-350145,EBI-6470902
Rabac1	Q9Z0S9	4	EBI-350145,EBI-476965	From a different organism.
RAF1	P04049	8	EBI-350145,EBI-365996
Rapgef4	Q9EQZ6	3	EBI-350145,EBI-772212	From a different organism.
RASSF1	Q9NS23-2	2	EBI-350145,EBI-438698
Rassf5	Q5EBH1-2	3	EBI-350145,EBI-960547	From a different organism.
RIN1	Q13671	5	EBI-350145,EBI-366017
SOS1	Q07889	6	EBI-350145,EBI-297487

Alternative products

This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform 1 (identifier: P01112-1)

Also known as: H-Ras4A; p21;

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform 2 (identifier: P01112-2)

Also known as: H-RasIDX; p19;

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     152-189: VEDAFYTLVREIRQHKLRKLNPPDESGPGCMSCKCVLS → SRSGSSSSSGTLWDPPGPM

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature key

Position(s)

Length

Description

Graphical view

Feature identifier

Molecule processing

Chain

1 – 186

186

GTPase HRas

PRO_0000042996

Initiator methionine

1

1

Removed; alternate Ref.12

Chain

2 – 186

185

GTPase HRas, N-terminally processed

PRO_0000326476

Propeptide

187 – 189

3

Removed in mature form

PRO_0000042997

Regions

Nucleotide binding

10 – 17

8

GTP

Nucleotide binding

57 – 61

5

GTP

Nucleotide binding

116 – 119

4

GTP

Region

166 – 185

20

Hypervariable region

Motif

32 – 40

9

Effector region

Amino acid modifications

Modified residue

1

1

N-acetylmethionine; in GTPase HRas; alternate Ref.12

Modified residue

2

1

N-acetylthreonine; in GTPase HRas, N-terminally processed Ref.12

Modified residue

118

1

S-nitrosocysteine Ref.20

Modified residue

186

1

Cysteine methyl ester Ref.19

Lipidation

181

1

S-palmitoyl cysteine Ref.18 Ref.19 Ref.26 Ref.27

Lipidation

184

1

S-(15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2-9-yl)cysteine; alternate

Lipidation

184

1

S-palmitoyl cysteine; alternate Ref.18 Ref.19 Ref.26 Ref.27

Lipidation

186

1

S-farnesyl cysteine Ref.19

Natural variations

Alternative sequence

152 – 189

38

VEDAF…KCVLS → SRSGSSSSSGTLWDPPGPM in isoform 2.

VSP_041597

Natural variant

12

1

G → A in FCSS. Ref.42 Ref.43 Ref.44

VAR_026106

Natural variant

12

1

G → C in FCSS. Ref.44 Ref.48

VAR_045975

Natural variant

12

1

G → D in FCSS; severe mutation. Ref.48

VAR_068816

Natural variant

12

1

G → E in FCSS. Ref.44

VAR_045976

Natural variant

12

1

G → S in FCSS, OSCC and CMEMS. Ref.40 Ref.42 Ref.43 Ref.44 Ref.45 Ref.46

VAR_006837

Natural variant

12

1

G → V in FCSS, bladder carcinoma and CMEMS; constitutively activated; interacts and recruits PLCE1 to plasma membrane; loss of interaction with and recruitment to plasma membrane of PLCE1 when associated with F-32; loss of interaction with PLCE1 when associated with G-26, F-32 and S-35; no effect on interaction with PLCE1 when associated with A-29, G-34, G-37, N-38 and C-39; no effect on subcellular location of isoform 2. Ref.22 Ref.42 Ref.46

VAR_006836

Natural variant

13

1

G → C in FCSS. Ref.43

VAR_026107

Natural variant

13

1

G → D in FCSS. Ref.42

VAR_026108

Natural variant

13

1

G → R in SFM; somatic mutation; shows constitutive activation of the MAPK and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways. Ref.50

VAR_068817

Natural variant

22

1

Q → K in CMEMS. Ref.46

VAR_045977

Natural variant

37

1

E → EE in FCSS. Ref.49

VAR_068818

Natural variant

58

1

T → I in FCSS. Ref.47

VAR_045978

Natural variant

61

1

Q → K in follicular thyroid carcinoma samples; somatic mutation; increases transformation of cultured cell lines. Ref.38 Ref.41
Corresponds to variant rs28933406 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].

VAR_045979

Natural variant

61

1

Q → L in melanoma; strongly reduced GTP hydrolysis in the presence of RAF1; increases transformation of cultured cell lines. Ref.38

VAR_006838

Natural variant

63

1

E → K in CMEMS. Ref.46

VAR_045980

Natural variant

117

1

K → R in FCSS. Ref.44

VAR_045981

Natural variant

146

1

A → T in FCSS. Ref.45

VAR_045982

Natural variant

146

1

A → V in FCSS. Ref.47

VAR_045983

Experimental info

Mutagenesis

17

1

S → N: Dominant negative. Prevents PLCE1 EGF-induced recruitment to plasma membrane. No effect on subcellular location of isoform 2. Ref.4 Ref.17 Ref.22

Mutagenesis

26

1

N → G: Loss of interaction with PLCE1; when associated with V-12. Ref.17 Ref.22

Mutagenesis

29

1

V → A: No effect on interaction with PLCE1; when associated with V-12. Ref.17 Ref.22

Mutagenesis

32

1

Y → F: Loss of interaction and recruitment to plasma membrane of PLCE1; when associated with V-12. Ref.17 Ref.22

Mutagenesis

34

1

P → G: No effect on interaction with PLCE1; when associated with V-12. Ref.17 Ref.22

Mutagenesis

35

1

T → S: Loss of interaction with PLCE1; when associated with V-12. Ref.17 Ref.22

Mutagenesis

37

1

E → G: No effect on interaction with PLCE1; when associated with V-12. Ref.17 Ref.22

Mutagenesis

38

1

D → N: No effect on interaction with PLCE1; when associated with V-12. Ref.17 Ref.22

Mutagenesis

39

1

S → C: No effect on interaction with PLCE1; when associated with V-12. Ref.17 Ref.22

Mutagenesis

59

1

A → T: Loss of GTPase activity and creation of an autophosphorylation site. Ref.17

Mutagenesis

61

1

Q → I: Moderately increased transformation of cultured cell lines. Ref.17 Ref.38

Mutagenesis

61

1

Q → V: Strongly increased transformation of cultured cell lines. Ref.17 Ref.38

Mutagenesis

83

1

A → T: GTP-binding activity reduced by factor of 30. Ref.16 Ref.17

Mutagenesis

118

1

C → S: Abolishes S-nitrosylation. No stimulation of guanine nucleotide exchange. Ref.17 Ref.20 Ref.37

Mutagenesis

119

1

D → N: Loss of GTP-binding activity. Ref.16 Ref.17

Mutagenesis

144

1

T → I: GTP-binding activity reduced by factor of 25. Ref.16 Ref.17

Mutagenesis

164 – 165

2

RQ → AV: Loss of GTP-binding activity. Ref.17

Mutagenesis

181

1

C → S: Exclusively localized in Golgi. Non-specifically localized on all endomembranes; when associated with S-184. Ref.17 Ref.19 Ref.27

Mutagenesis

184

1

C → S: Loss of S-(15-deoxy-Delta12,14-prostaglandin J2-9-yl)cysteine stimulation of Ras-GTPase activity. Mainly localized in Golgi. Non-specifically localized on all endomembranes; when associated with S-181. Ref.17 Ref.19 Ref.25 Ref.27

Secondary structure

1

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189

Helix Strand Turn

Details...

Beta strand

3 – 11

9

Beta strand

12 – 14

3

Helix

16 – 25

10

Beta strand

27 – 31

5

Beta strand

38 – 46

9

Beta strand

49 – 57

9

Beta strand

60 – 63

4

Helix

66 – 74

9

Beta strand

76 – 83

8

Turn

84 – 86

3

Helix

87 – 104

18

Beta strand

105 – 107

3

Beta strand

111 – 116

6

Beta strand

120 – 122

3

Helix

127 – 136

10

Beta strand

141 – 144

4

Turn

146 – 148

3

Helix

152 – 164

13

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform 1 (H-Ras4A) (p21) [UniParc]. Last modified July 21, 1986. Version 1. Checksum: EE6DC2D933E2856A	FASTA	189	21,298
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MTEYKLVVVG AGGVGKSALT IQLIQNHFVD EYDPTIEDSY RKQVVIDGET CLLDILDTAG 70 80 90 100 110 120 QEEYSAMRDQ YMRTGEGFLC VFAINNTKSF EDIHQYREQI KRVKDSDDVP MVLVGNKCDL 130 140 150 160 170 180 AARTVESRQA QDLARSYGIP YIETSAKTRQ GVEDAFYTLV REIRQHKLRK LNPPDESGPG CMSCKCVLS
	Isoform 2 (H-RasIDX) (p19) [UniParc]. Checksum: C3364C8DC783C191	FASTA	170	18,870
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MTEYKLVVVG AGGVGKSALT IQLIQNHFVD EYDPTIEDSY RKQVVIDGET CLLDILDTAG 70 80 90 100 110 120 QEEYSAMRDQ YMRTGEGFLC VFAINNTKSF EDIHQYREQI KRVKDSDDVP MVLVGNKCDL 130 140 150 160 170 AARTVESRQA QDLARSYGIP YIETSAKTRQ GSRSGSSSSS GTLWDPPGPM

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Complete nucleotide sequences of the T24 human bladder carcinoma oncogene and its normal homologue." Capon D.J., Chen E.Y., Levinson A.D., Seeburg P.H., Goeddel D.V. Nature 302:33-37(1983) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[2]	"Nucleotide sequence analysis of the T24 human bladder carcinoma oncogene." Reddy E.P. Science 220:1061-1063(1983) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[3]	"Molecular cloning and the total nucleotide sequence of the human c-Ha-ras-1 gene activated in a melanoma from a Japanese patient." Sekiya T., Fushimi M., Hori H., Hirohashi S., Nishimura S., Sugimura T. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 81:4771-4775(1984) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[4]	"Alternative splicing of the human proto-oncogene c-H-ras renders a new Ras family protein that trafficks to cytoplasm and nucleus." Guil S., de La Iglesia N., Fernandez-Larrea J., Cifuentes D., Ferrer J.C., Guinovart J.J., Bach-Elias M. Cancer Res. 63:5178-5187(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 2), FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH GNB2L1, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, ALTERNATIVE SPLICING, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, MUTAGENESIS OF SER-17.
[5]	"cDNA clones of human proteins involved in signal transduction sequenced by the Guthrie cDNA resource center (www.cdna.org)." Puhl H.L. III, Ikeda S.R., Aronstam R.S. Submitted (MAR-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Brain.
[6]	"Cloning of human full open reading frames in Gateway(TM) system entry vector (pDONR201)." Halleck A., Ebert L., Mkoundinya M., Schick M., Eisenstein S., Neubert P., Kstrang K., Schatten R., Shen B., Henze S., Mar W., Korn B., Zuo D., Hu Y., LaBaer J. Submitted (JUN-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
[7]	"Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector." Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S., Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y., Phelan M., Farmer A. Submitted (OCT-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
[8]	NIEHS SNPs program Submitted (SEP-2006) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[9]	"Human protein factory for converting the transcriptome into an in vitro-expressed proteome." Goshima N., Kawamura Y., Fukumoto A., Miura A., Honma R., Satoh R., Wakamatsu A., Yamamoto J., Kimura K., Nishikawa T., Andoh T., Iida Y., Ishikawa K., Ito E., Kagawa N., Kaminaga C., Kanehori K., Kawakami B. , Kenmochi K., Kimura R., Kobayashi M., Kuroita T., Kuwayama H., Maruyama Y., Matsuo K., Minami K., Mitsubori M., Mori M., Morishita R., Murase A., Nishikawa A., Nishikawa S., Okamoto T., Sakagami N., Sakamoto Y., Sasaki Y., Seki T., Sono S., Sugiyama A., Sumiya T., Takayama T., Takayama Y., Takeda H., Togashi T., Yahata K., Yamada H., Yanagisawa Y., Endo Y., Imamoto F., Kisu Y., Tanaka S., Isogai T., Imai J., Watanabe S., Nomura N. Nat. Methods 5:1011-1017(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
[10]	Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. , Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H., Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K., Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D., Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C. Submitted (JUL-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[11]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 2). Tissue: Lung carcinoma.
[12]	Bienvenut W.V., Calvo F., Kolch W. Submitted (FEB-2008) to UniProtKB Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 1-41; 43-117; 129-161 AND 170-185, CLEAVAGE OF INITIATOR METHIONINE, ACETYLATION AT MET-1 AND THR-2, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Cervix carcinoma.
[13]	"Mechanism of activation of a human oncogene." Tabin C.J., Bradley S.M., Bargmann C.I., Weinberg R.A., Papageorge A.G., Scolnick E.M., Dhar R., Lowy D.R., Chang E.H. Nature 300:143-149(1982) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-37.
[14]	"Identification of the principal promoter sequence of the c-H-ras transforming oncogene: deletion analysis of the 5'-flanking region by focus formation assay." Honkawa H., Masahashi W., Hashimoto S., Hashimoto-Gotoh T. Mol. Cell. Biol. 7:2933-2940(1987) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-16.
[15]	"Affinity labeling of c-H-ras p21 consensus elements with periodate-oxidized GDP and GTP." Loew A., Sprinzl M., Faulhammer H.G. Eur. J. Biochem. 215:473-479(1993) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 108-117 AND 132-153.
[16]	"Isolation of ras GTP-binding mutants using an in situ colony-binding assay." Feig L.A., Pan B.-T., Roberts T.M., Cooper G.M. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83:4607-4611(1986) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: MUTAGENESIS OF ALA-83; ASP-119 AND THR-144.
[17]	"Deletion mutants of Harvey ras p21 protein reveal the absolute requirement of at least two distant regions for GTP-binding and transforming activities." Lacal J.C., Anderson P.S., Aaronson S.A. EMBO J. 5:679-687(1986) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: MUTAGENESIS OF 164-ARG-GLN-165.
[18]	"All ras proteins are polyisoprenylated but only some are palmitoylated." Hancock J.F., Magee A.I., Childs J.E., Marshall C.J. Cell 57:1167-1177(1989) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PALMITOYLATION AT CYS-181 AND CYS-184.
[19]	"Palmitoylation of Ha-Ras facilitates membrane binding, activation of downstream effectors, and meiotic maturation in Xenopus oocytes." Dudler T., Gelb M.H. J. Biol. Chem. 271:11541-11547(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PALMITOYLATION AT CYS-181 AND CYS-184, ISOPRENYLATION AT CYS-186, METHYLATION AT CYS-186, MUTAGENESIS OF CYS-181 AND CYS-184.
[20]	"A molecular redox switch on p21(ras). Structural basis for the nitric oxide-p21(ras) interaction." Lander H.M., Hajjar D.P., Hempstead B.L., Mirza U.A., Chait B.T., Campbell S., Quilliam L.A. J. Biol. Chem. 272:4323-4326(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: S-NITROSYLATION AT CYS-118, FUNCTION, MASS SPECTROMETRY, MUTAGENESIS OF CYS-118.
[21]	"Aiolos transcription factor controls cell death in T cells by regulating Bcl-2 expression and its cellular localization." Romero F., Martinez-A C., Camonis J., Rebollo A. EMBO J. 18:3419-3430(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH IKZF3.
[22]	"Regulation of a novel human phospholipase C, PLCepsilon, through membrane targeting by Ras." Song C., Hu C.-D., Masago M., Kariya K., Yamawaki-Kataoka Y., Shibatohge M., Wu D., Satoh T., Kataoka T. J. Biol. Chem. 276:2752-2757(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH PLCE1, CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT VAL-12, MUTAGENESIS OF SER-17; ASN-26; VAL-29; TYR-32; PRO-34; THR-35; GLU-37; ASP-38 AND SER-39.
[23]	"Diacylglycerol kinase zeta regulates Ras activation by a novel mechanism." Topham M.K., Prescott S.M. J. Cell Biol. 152:1135-1143(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION IN A COMPLEX WITH RASGRP1 AND DGKZ.
[24]	"The complex of Arl2-GTP and PDE delta: from structure to function." Hanzal-Bayer M., Renault L., Roversi P., Wittinghofer A., Hillig R.C. EMBO J. 21:2095-2106(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH PDE6D.
[25]	"The cyclopentenone 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-prostaglandin J2 binds to and activates H-Ras." Oliva J.L., Perez-Sala D., Castrillo A., Martinez N., Canada F.J., Bosca L., Rojas J.M. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100:4772-4777(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: LIPID MODIFICATION AT CYS-184, MUTAGENESIS OF CYS-184.
[26]	"DHHC9 and GCP16 constitute a human protein fatty acyltransferase with specificity for H- and N-Ras." Swarthout J.T., Lobo S., Farh L., Croke M.R., Greentree W.K., Deschenes R.J., Linder M.E. J. Biol. Chem. 280:31141-31148(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PALMITOYLATION AT CYS-181 AND CYS-184.
[27]	"An acylation cycle regulates localization and activity of palmitoylated Ras isoforms." Rocks O., Peyker A., Kahms M., Verveer P.J., Koerner C., Lumbierres M., Kuhlmann J., Waldmann H., Wittinghofer A., Bastiaens P.I.H. Science 307:1746-1752(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PALMITOYLATION AT CYS-181 AND CYS-184, MUTAGENESIS OF CYS-181 AND CYS-184, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
[28]	"Feedback inhibition of calcineurin and Ras by a dual inhibitory protein Carabin." Pan F., Sun L., Kardian D.B., Whartenby K.A., Pardoll D.M., Liu J.O. Nature 445:433-436(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH TBC1D10C.
[29]	"Three-dimensional structure of an oncogene protein: catalytic domain of human c-H-ras p21." de Vos A.M., Tong L., Milburn M.V., Matias P.M., Jancarik J., Noguchi S., Nishimura S., Miura K., Ohtsuka E., Kim S.-H. Science 239:888-893(1988) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.2 ANGSTROMS).
[30]	"Structure of the guanine-nucleotide-binding domain of the Ha-ras oncogene product p21 in the triphosphate conformation." Pai E.F., Kabsch W., Krengel U., Holmes K.C., John J., Wittinghofer A. Nature 341:209-214(1989) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.6 ANGSTROMS).
[31]	"Refined crystal structure of the triphosphate conformation of H-ras p21 at 1.35-A resolution: implications for the mechanism of GTP hydrolysis." Pai E.F., Krengel U., Petsko G.A., Goody R.S., Kabsch W., Wittinghofer A. EMBO J. 9:2351-2359(1990) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.35 ANGSTROMS).
[32]	"Crystal structures at 2.2-A resolution of the catalytic domains of normal ras protein and an oncogenic mutant complexed with GDP." Tong L.A., de Vos A.M., Milburn M.V., Kim S.H. J. Mol. Biol. 217:503-516(1991) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.2 ANGSTROMS).
[33]	"Solution structure and dynamics of ras p21.GDP determined by heteronuclear three- and four-dimensional NMR spectroscopy." Kraulis P.J., Domaille P.J., Campbell-Burk S.L., van Aken T., Laue E.D. Biochemistry 33:3515-3531(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 1-166.
[34]	"The Ras-RasGAP complex: structural basis for GTPase activation and its loss in oncogenic Ras mutants." Scheffzek K., Ahmadian M.R., Kabsch W., Wiesmuller L., Lautwein A., Schmitz F., Wittinghofer A. Science 277:333-338(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.5 ANGSTROMS) OF 1-166 IN COMPLEX WITH RASGAP.
[35]	"The pre-hydrolysis state of p21(ras) in complex with GTP: new insights into the role of water molecules in the GTP hydrolysis reaction of ras-like proteins." Scheidig A.J., Burmester C., Goody R.S. Structure 7:1311-1324(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.26 ANGSTROMS).
[36]	"The structural basis for the transition from Ras-GTP to Ras-GDP." Hall B.E., Bar-Sagi D., Nassar N. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99:12138-12142(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.7 ANGSTROMS) OF 1-166 IN COMPLEXES WITH GTP ANALOGS.
[37]	"Structural and biochemical studies of p21Ras S-nitrosylation and nitric oxide-mediated guanine nucleotide exchange." Williams J.G., Pappu K., Campbell S.L. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100:6376-6381(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 1-166, MASS SPECTROMETRY, S-NITROSYLATION, FUNCTION, MUTAGENESIS OF CYS-118.
[38]	"Transformation efficiency of RasQ61 mutants linked to structural features of the switch regions in the presence of Raf." Buhrman G., Wink G., Mattos C. Structure 15:1618-1629(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.4 ANGSTROMS) OF 1-166 IN COMPLEXES WITH GTP ANALOG, CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANTS LEU-61 AND LYS-61, MUTAGENESIS OF GLN-61.
[39]	"Novel type of Ras effector interaction established between tumour suppressor NORE1A and Ras switch II." Stieglitz B., Bee C., Schwarz D., Yildiz O., Moshnikova A., Khokhlatchev A., Herrmann C. EMBO J. 27:1995-2005(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.8 ANGSTROMS) OF 1-166 IN COMPLEX WITH RASSF5.
[40]	"The p53 tumor-suppressor gene and ras oncogene mutations in oral squamous-cell carcinoma." Sakai E., Rikimaru K., Ueda M., Matsumoto Y., Ishii N., Enomoto S., Yamamoto H., Tsuchida N. Int. J. Cancer 52:867-872(1992) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT OSCC SER-12.
[41]	"RAS point mutations and PAX8-PPAR gamma rearrangement in thyroid tumors: evidence for distinct molecular pathways in thyroid follicular carcinoma." Nikiforova M.N., Lynch R.A., Biddinger P.W., Alexander E.K., Dorn G.W. II, Tallini G., Kroll T.G., Nikiforov Y.E. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 88:2318-2326(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT LYS-61, INVOLVEMENT IN SUSCEPTIBILITY TO HURTHLE CELL THYROID CARCINOMA.
[42]	"Germline mutations in HRAS proto-oncogene cause Costello syndrome." Aoki Y., Niihori T., Kawame H., Kurosawa K., Ohashi H., Tanaka Y., Filocamo M., Kato K., Suzuki Y., Kure S., Matsubara Y. Nat. Genet. 37:1038-1040(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS FCSS ALA-12; SER-12; VAL-12 AND ASP-13.
[43]	"HRAS mutation analysis in Costello syndrome: genotype and phenotype correlation." Gripp K.W., Lin A.E., Stabley D.L., Nicholson L., Scott C.I. Jr., Doyle D., Aoki Y., Matsubara Y., Zackai E.H., Lapunzina P., Gonzalez-Meneses A., Holbrook J., Agresta C.A., Gonzalez I.L., Sol-Church K. Am. J. Med. Genet. A 140:1-7(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS FCSS ALA-12; SER-12 AND CYS-13.
[44]	"Genotype-phenotype correlation in Costello syndrome: HRAS mutation analysis in 43 cases." Kerr B., Delrue M.-A., Sigaudy S., Perveen R., Marche M., Burgelin I., Stef M., Tang B., Eden O.B., O'Sullivan J., De Sandre-Giovannoli A., Reardon W., Brewer C., Bennett C., Quarell O., M'Cann E., Donnai D., Stewart F. , Hennekam R., Cave H., Verloes A., Philip N., Lacombe D., Levy N., Arveiler B., Black G. J. Med. Genet. 43:401-405(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS FCSS SER-12; CYS-12; GLU-12; ALA-12 AND ARG-117.
[45]	"Diversity, parental germline origin, and phenotypic spectrum of de novo HRAS missense changes in Costello syndrome." Zampino G., Pantaleoni F., Carta C., Cobellis G., Vasta I., Neri C., Pogna E.A., De Feo E., Delogu A., Sarkozy A., Atzeri F., Selicorni A., Rauen K.A., Cytrynbaum C.S., Weksberg R., Dallapiccola B., Ballabio A., Gelb B.D., Neri G., Tartaglia M. Hum. Mutat. 28:265-272(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS FCSS SER-12 AND THR-146.
[46]	"Myopathy caused by HRAS germline mutations: implications for disturbed myogenic differentiation in the presence of constitutive HRas activation." van der Burgt I., Kupsky W., Stassou S., Nadroo A., Barroso C., Diem A., Kratz C.P., Dvorsky R., Ahmadian M.R., Zenker M. J. Med. Genet. 44:459-462(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS CMEMS VAL-12; SER-12; LYS-22 AND LYS-63.
[47]	"Costello syndrome associated with novel germline HRAS mutations: an attenuated phenotype?" Gripp K.W., Innes A.M., Axelrad M.E., Gillan T.L., Parboosingh J.S., Davies C., Leonard N.J., Lapointe M., Doyle D., Catalano S., Nicholson L., Stabley D.L., Sol-Church K. Am. J. Med. Genet. A 146:683-690(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS FCSS ILE-58 AND VAL-146.
[48]	"Severe neonatal manifestations of Costello syndrome." Lo I.F., Brewer C., Shannon N., Shorto J., Tang B., Black G., Soo M.T., Ng D.K., Lam S.T., Kerr B. J. Med. Genet. 45:167-171(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS FCSS ASP-12 AND CYS-12.
[49]	"Duplication of Glu37 in the switch I region of HRAS impairs effector/GAP binding and underlies Costello syndrome by promoting enhanced growth factor-dependent MAPK and AKT activation." Gremer L., De Luca A., Merbitz-Zahradnik T., Dallapiccola B., Morlot S., Tartaglia M., Kutsche K., Ahmadian M.R., Rosenberger G. Hum. Mol. Genet. 19:790-802(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT FCSS GLU-37 INS.
[50]	"Postzygotic HRAS and KRAS mutations cause nevus sebaceous and Schimmelpenning syndrome." Groesser L., Herschberger E., Ruetten A., Ruivenkamp C., Lopriore E., Zutt M., Langmann T., Singer S., Klingseisen L., Schneider-Brachert W., Toll A., Real F.X., Landthaler M., Hafner C. Nat. Genet. 44:783-787(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT SFM ARG-13, CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT SFM ARG-13.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Web resources

Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

GeneReviews

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBL
GenBank
DDBJ

J00277 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB02605.1.
AJ437024 mRNA. Translation: CAD24594.1.
AF493916 mRNA. Translation: AAM12630.1.
CR536579 mRNA. Translation: CAG38816.1.
CR542271 mRNA. Translation: CAG47067.1.
BT019421 mRNA. Translation: AAV38228.1.
EF015887 Genomic DNA. Translation: ABI97389.1.
AB451336 mRNA. Translation: BAG70150.1.
AB451485 mRNA. Translation: BAG70299.1.
CH471158 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAX02337.1.
CH471158 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAX02338.1.
BC006499 mRNA. Translation: AAH06499.1.
BC095471 mRNA. Translation: AAH95471.1.
M17232 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA35685.1.

IPI

IPI00000006.
IPI00741763.

PIR

TVHUH. A93299.

RefSeq

NP_001123914.1. NM_001130442.1.
NP_005334.1. NM_005343.2.
NP_789765.1. NM_176795.3.

UniGene

Hs.37003.

3D structure databases

PDBe
RCSB PDB
PDBj

Entry	Method	Resolution (Å)	Chain	Positions	PDBsum
121P	X-ray	1.54	A	1-166	[»]
1AA9	NMR	-	A	1-171	[»]
1AGP	X-ray	2.30	A	1-166	[»]
1BKD	X-ray	2.80	R	1-166	[»]
1CLU	X-ray	1.70	A	1-166	[»]
1CRP	NMR	-	A	1-166	[»]
1CRQ	NMR	-	A	1-166	[»]
1CRR	NMR	-	A	1-166	[»]
1CTQ	X-ray	1.26	A	1-166	[»]
1GNP	X-ray	2.70	A	1-166	[»]
1GNQ	X-ray	2.50	A	1-166	[»]
1GNR	X-ray	1.85	A	1-166	[»]
1HE8	X-ray	3.00	B	1-166	[»]
1IAQ	X-ray	2.90	A/B/C	1-166	[»]
1IOZ	X-ray	2.00	A	1-171	[»]
1JAH	X-ray	1.80	A	1-166	[»]
1JAI	X-ray	1.80	A	1-166	[»]
1K8R	X-ray	3.00	A	1-166	[»]
1LF0	X-ray	1.70	A	1-166	[»]
1LF5	X-ray	1.70	A	1-166	[»]
1LFD	X-ray	2.10	B/D	1-167	[»]
1NVU	X-ray	2.20	Q/R	1-166	[»]
1NVV	X-ray	2.18	Q/R	1-166	[»]
1NVW	X-ray	2.70	Q/R	1-166	[»]
1NVX	X-ray	3.20	Q/R	1-166	[»]
1P2S	X-ray	2.45	A	1-166	[»]
1P2T	X-ray	2.00	A	1-166	[»]
1P2U	X-ray	2.00	A	1-166	[»]
1P2V	X-ray	2.30	A	1-166	[»]
1PLJ	X-ray	2.80	A	1-166	[»]
1PLK	X-ray	2.80	A	1-166	[»]
1PLL	X-ray	2.80	A	1-166	[»]
1Q21	X-ray	2.20	A	1-171	[»]
1QRA	X-ray	1.60	A	1-166	[»]
1RVD	X-ray	1.90	A	1-166	[»]
1WQ1	X-ray	2.50	R	1-166	[»]
1XCM	X-ray	1.84	A	1-167	[»]
1XD2	X-ray	2.70	A/B	1-166	[»]
1XJ0	X-ray	1.70	A	1-166	[»]
1ZVQ	X-ray	2.00	A	1-166	[»]
1ZW6	X-ray	1.50	A	1-166	[»]
221P	X-ray	2.30	A	1-166	[»]
2C5L	X-ray	1.90	A/B	1-166	[»]
2CE2	X-ray	1.00	X	1-166	[»]
2CL0	X-ray	1.80	X	1-166	[»]
2CL6	X-ray	1.24	X	1-166	[»]
2CL7	X-ray	1.25	X	1-166	[»]
2CLC	X-ray	1.30	X	1-166	[»]
2CLD	X-ray	1.22	X	1-166	[»]
2EVW	X-ray	1.05	X	1-166	[»]
2GDP	model	-	A	1-171	[»]
2LCF	NMR	-	A	1-166	[»]
2Q21	X-ray	2.20	A	1-171	[»]
2QUZ	X-ray	1.49	A	1-166	[»]
2RGA	X-ray	1.90	A	1-166	[»]
2RGB	X-ray	1.35	A	1-166	[»]
2RGC	X-ray	1.60	A	1-166	[»]
2RGD	X-ray	2.00	A	1-166	[»]
2RGE	X-ray	1.40	A	1-166	[»]
2RGG	X-ray	1.45	A	1-166	[»]
2UZI	X-ray	2.00	R	1-166	[»]
2VH5	X-ray	2.70	R	1-166	[»]
2X1V	X-ray	1.70	A	1-166	[»]
3DDC	X-ray	1.80	A	1-166	[»]
3I3S	X-ray	1.36	R	1-166	[»]
3K8Y	X-ray	1.30	A	1-166	[»]
3K9L	X-ray	1.80	A/B/C	1-166	[»]
3K9N	X-ray	2.00	A	1-166	[»]
3KKM	X-ray	1.70	A	1-166	[»]
3KKN	X-ray	2.09	A	1-166	[»]
3KUD	X-ray	2.15	A	1-166	[»]
3L8Y	X-ray	2.02	A	1-166	[»]
3L8Z	X-ray	1.44	A	1-166	[»]
3LBH	X-ray	1.85	A	1-166	[»]
3LBI	X-ray	2.09	A	1-166	[»]
3LBN	X-ray	1.86	A	1-166	[»]
3LO5	X-ray	2.57	A/C/E	1-166	[»]
3OIU	X-ray	1.32	A	1-166	[»]
3OIV	X-ray	1.84	A	1-166	[»]
3OIW	X-ray	1.30	A	1-166	[»]
3RRY	X-ray	1.60	A	1-166	[»]
3RRZ	X-ray	1.60	A	1-166	[»]
3RS0	X-ray	1.40	A	1-166	[»]
3RS2	X-ray	1.84	A	1-166	[»]
3RS3	X-ray	1.52	A	1-166	[»]
3RS4	X-ray	1.70	A	1-166	[»]
3RS5	X-ray	1.68	A	1-166	[»]
3RS7	X-ray	1.70	A	1-166	[»]
3RSL	X-ray	1.70	A	1-166	[»]
3RSO	X-ray	1.60	A	1-166	[»]
3TGP	X-ray	1.31	A	1-166	[»]
421P	X-ray	2.20	A	1-166	[»]
4DLR	X-ray	1.32	A	1-166	[»]
4DLS	X-ray	1.82	A	1-166	[»]
4DLT	X-ray	1.70	A	1-166	[»]
4DLU	X-ray	1.60	A	1-166	[»]
4DLV	X-ray	1.57	A	1-166	[»]
4DLW	X-ray	1.72	A	1-166	[»]
4DLX	X-ray	1.73	A	1-166	[»]
4DLY	X-ray	1.57	A	1-166	[»]
4DLZ	X-ray	1.66	A	1-166	[»]
4DST	X-ray	2.30	A	2-167	[»]
4DSU	X-ray	1.70	A	2-167	[»]
4EFL	X-ray	1.90	A	1-166	[»]
4EFM	X-ray	1.90	A	1-166	[»]
4EFN	X-ray	2.30	A	1-166	[»]
4Q21	X-ray	2.00	A	1-189	[»]
521P	X-ray	2.60	A	1-166	[»]
5P21	X-ray	1.35	A	1-166	[»]
621P	X-ray	2.40	A	1-166	[»]
6Q21	X-ray	1.95	A/B/C/D	1-171	[»]
721P	X-ray	2.00	A	1-166	[»]
821P	X-ray	1.50	A	1-166	[»]

DisProt

DP00153.

ProteinModelPortal

P01112.

ModBase

Search...

Protein-protein interaction databases

DIP

DIP-1050N.

IntAct

P01112. 23 interactions.

MINT

MINT-5002362.

STRING

9606.ENSP00000309845.

PTM databases

PhosphoSite

P01112.

Polymorphism databases

DMDM

131869.

Proteomic databases

PaxDb

P01112.

PRIDE

P01112.

Protocols and materials databases

DNASU

3265.

StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase

Search...

Genome annotation databases

Ensembl

ENST00000311189; ENSP00000309845; ENSG00000174775.
ENST00000397594; ENSP00000380722; ENSG00000174775.
ENST00000397596; ENSP00000380723; ENSG00000174775.
ENST00000417302; ENSP00000388246; ENSG00000174775.
ENST00000451590; ENSP00000407586; ENSG00000174775.
ENST00000493230; ENSP00000434023; ENSG00000174775.

GeneID

3265.

KEGG

hsa:3265.

UCSC

uc001lpv.3. human.
uc010qvw.2. human.

Organism-specific databases

CTD

3265.

GeneCards

GC11M000522.

HGNC

HGNC:5173. HRAS.

HPA

CAB002015.

MIM

109800. phenotype.
163200. phenotype.
190020. gene.
218040. phenotype.
607464. phenotype.

neXtProt

NX_P01112.

Orphanet

3071. Costello syndrome.
2612. Linear nevus sebaceus syndrome.

PharmGKB

PA29444.

GenAtlas

Search...

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOG

COG1100.

HOGENOM

HOG000233973.

HOVERGEN

HBG009351.

InParanoid

P01112.

KO

K02833.

OMA

IDDETCL.

OrthoDB

EOG4BRWMX.

PhylomeDB

P01112.

Enzyme and pathway databases

Pathway_Interaction_DB

a6b1_a6b4_integrin_pathway. a6b1 and a6b4 Integrin signaling.
bcr_5pathway. BCR signaling pathway.
pi3kcipathway. Class I PI3K signaling events.
cd8tcrdownstreampathway. Downstream signaling in naive CD8+ T cells.
endothelinpathway. Endothelins.
ephbfwdpathway. EPHB forward signaling.
epopathway. EPO signaling pathway.
fcer1pathway. Fc-epsilon receptor I signaling in mast cells.
igf1_pathway. IGF1 pathway.
il2_1pathway. IL2-mediated signaling events.
insulin_pathway. Insulin Pathway.
lysophospholipid_pathway. LPA receptor mediated events.
trkrpathway. Neurotrophic factor-mediated Trk receptor signaling.
pdgfrbpathway. PDGFR-beta signaling pathway.
er_nongenomic_pathway. Plasma membrane estrogen receptor signaling.
tcrraspathway. Ras signaling in the CD4+ TCR pathway.
met_pathway. Signaling events activated by Hepatocyte Growth Factor Receptor (c-Met).
kitpathway. Signaling events mediated by Stem cell factor receptor (c-Kit).
vegfr1_2_pathway. Signaling events mediated by VEGFR1 and VEGFR2.
ret_pathway. Signaling events regulated by Ret tyrosine kinase.
syndecan_2_pathway. Syndecan-2-mediated signaling events.
tcrpathway. TCR signaling in naive CD4+ T cells.
cd8tcrpathway. TCR signaling in naive CD8+ T cells.
pi3kplctrkpathway. Trk receptor signaling mediated by PI3K and PLC-gamma.
mapktrkpathway. Trk receptor signaling mediated by the MAPK pathway.

Reactome

REACT_111045. Developmental Biology.
REACT_111102. Signal Transduction.
REACT_116125. Disease.
REACT_13685. Neuronal System.
REACT_604. Hemostasis.
REACT_6900. Immune System.

SignaLink

P01112.

Gene expression databases

ArrayExpress

P01112.

Bgee

P01112.

CleanEx

HS_HRAS.

Genevestigator

P01112.

GermOnline

ENSG00000174775. Homo sapiens.

Family and domain databases

InterPro

IPR027417. P-loop_NTPase.
IPR005225. Small_GTP-bd_dom.
IPR001806. Small_GTPase.
IPR020849. Small_GTPase_Ras.
[Graphical view]

PANTHER

PTHR24070. PTHR24070. 1 hit.

Pfam

PF00071. Ras. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

PRINTS

PR00449. RASTRNSFRMNG.

SMART

SM00173. RAS. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

SUPFAM

SSF52540. SSF52540. 1 hit.

TIGRFAMs

TIGR00231. small_GTP. 1 hit.

PROSITE

PS51421. RAS. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

ProtoNet

Search...

Other

BindingDB

P01112.

ChEMBL

CHEMBL2167.

DrugBank

DB00605. Sulindac.

EvolutionaryTrace

P01112.

GenomeRNAi

3265.

NextBio

12961.

SOURCE

Search...

Entry information

Entry name

RASH_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P01112
Secondary accession number(s): B5BUA0 , Q14080, Q6FHV9, Q9BR65, Q9UCE2

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 21, 1986
Last sequence update:	July 21, 1986
Last modified:	May 29, 2013
This is version 178 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.