O97756 (SNAT_MACMU) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Serotonin N-acetyltransferase
Short name=Serotonin acetylase
EC=2.3.1.87

Alternative name(s):
Aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
Short name=AA-NAT

Gene names

Name:	AANAT
Synonyms:	SNAT

Organism

Macaca mulatta (Rhesus macaque)

Taxonomic identifier

9544 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Cercopithecidae › Cercopithecinae › Macaca

Protein attributes

Sequence length	204 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Controls the night/day rhythm of melatonin production in the pineal gland. Catalyzes the N-acetylation of serotonin into N-acetylserotonin, the penultimate step in the synthesis of melatonin. Ref.1
Catalytic activity	Acetyl-CoA + a 2-arylethylamine = CoA + an N-acetyl-2-arylethylamine.
Pathway	Aromatic compound metabolism; melatonin biosynthesis; melatonin from serotonin: step 1/2.
Subunit structure	Monomer By similarity. Interacts with several 14-3-3 proteins, including YWHAB, YWHAE, YWHAG and YWHAZ, preferentially when phosphorylated at Thr-28 By similarity. Phosphorylation on Ser-202 also allows binding to YWHAZ, but with lower affinity By similarity. The interaction with YWHAZ considerably increases affinity for arylalkylamines and acetyl-CoA and protects the enzyme from dephosphorylation and proteasomal degradation. It may also prevent thiol-dependent inactivation By similarity.
Subcellular location	Cytoplasm By similarity.
Tissue specificity	Highly expressed in pineal gland and in the photoreceptor outer segments in the retina. Expressed at about 100-fold lower levels in the pituitary gland and testis. Not detected in other tissues. Ref.1
Induction	Exhibits night/day variations with a 10-fold increased protein levels and activity at night in the pineal gland and a 5-fold increase in the retina. In both tissues, the mRNA levels remain constant. Ref.1
Post-translational modification	cAMP-dependent phosphorylation regulates AANAT activity by promoting interaction with 14-3-3 proteins. Phosphorylation levels exhibit night/day variations, with an increase during nighttime.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the acetyltransferase family. AANAT subfamily. Contains 1 N-acetyltransferase domain.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Biological rhythms Melatonin biosynthesis
Cellular component	Cytoplasm
Molecular function	Acyltransferase Transferase
PTM	Phosphoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	melatonin biosynthetic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW rhythmic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	cytoplasm Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 204	204	Serotonin N-acetyltransferase		PRO_0000074581
Regions
	Domain	32 – 193	162	N-acetyltransferase
	Region	121 – 123	3	Acetyl-CoA binding By similarity
	Region	129 – 134	6	Acetyl-CoA binding By similarity
	Region	165 – 167	3	Acetyl-CoA binding By similarity
Sites
	Binding site	121	1	Substrate; via carbonyl oxygen By similarity
	Site	118	1	Important for the catalytic mechanism; involved in substrate deprotonation By similarity
	Site	120	1	Important for the catalytic mechanism; involved in substrate deprotonation By similarity
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	28	1	Phosphothreonine; by PKA Ref.1
	Modified residue	202	1	Phosphoserine By similarity

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	O97756 [UniParc]. Last modified May 27, 2002. Version 2. Checksum: 40A5A415E554DF79	FASTA	204	22,891
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MSTQSTHPPK PEAPRLPPAI SSCQRRHTLP ASEFRCLTPE DAVSAFEIER EAFISVLGVC 70 80 90 100 110 120 PLYLDEIRHF LTLCPELSLG WFEEGCLVAF IIGSLWDKDR LMQESLTMHR PGGHIAHLHV 130 140 150 160 170 180 LAVHCAFRQQ GRGPILLWRY LHHLGSQPAV HRAALMCEDA LVPFYERFGF HAMGPCAITV 190 200 GSLSFTELHC SLQGHPFLRR NSGC

References

[1]	"Melatonin synthesis enzymes in Macaca mulatta: focus on arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.87)." Coon S.L., Del Olmo E., Young W.S. III, Klein D.C. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87:4699-4706(2002) [PubMed: 12364461] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INDUCTION, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-28. Tissue: Pineal gland.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	U46661 mRNA. Translation: AAD00061.2.
RefSeq	NP_001040592.1. NM_001047127.1.
UniGene	Mmu.3603.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	O97756.
SMR	O97756. Positions 18-193.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	O97756.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSMMUT00000026668; ENSMMUP00000024958; ENSMMUG00000018970. ENSMMUT00000040995; ENSMMUP00000034025; ENSMMUG00000018970.
GeneID	706924.
KEGG	mcc:706924.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	15.
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	prNOG15095.
GeneTree	ENSGT00390000015579.
HOVERGEN	HBG016332.
InParanoid	O97756.
OMA	VPFYERF.
OrthoDB	EOG4M0F2N.
PhylomeDB	O97756.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDA	2.3.1.87. 3126.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR000182. AcTrfase_GCN5-related_dom. IPR016181. Acyl_CoA_acyltransferase. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:3.40.630.30. Acyl_CoA_acyltransferase. 1 hit.
KO	K00669.
Pfam	PF00583. Acetyltransf_1. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SUPFAM	SSF55729. Acyl_CoA_acyltransferase. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS51186. GNAT. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

SNAT_MACMU

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: O97756

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	December 1, 2000
Last sequence update:	May 27, 2002
Last modified:	December 14, 2011
This is version 75 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program