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O97756 (SNAT_MACMU) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Last modified December 14, 2011. Version 75. Feed History...

Clusters with 100%, 90%, 50% identity | Documents (2) | Third-party data text xml rdf/xml gff fasta
to top of pageNames·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order

Names and origin

Protein namesRecommended name:
Serotonin N-acetyltransferase

Short name=Serotonin acetylase
EC=2.3.1.87
Alternative name(s):
Aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase
Short name=AA-NAT
Gene names
Name:AANAT
Synonyms:SNAT
OrganismMacaca mulatta (Rhesus macaque)
Taxonomic identifier9544 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageEukaryotaMetazoaChordataCraniataVertebrataEuteleostomiMammaliaEutheriaEuarchontogliresPrimatesHaplorrhiniCatarrhiniCercopithecidaeCercopithecinaeMacaca

Protein attributes

Sequence length204 AA.
Sequence statusComplete.
Protein existenceEvidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function

Controls the night/day rhythm of melatonin production in the pineal gland. Catalyzes the N-acetylation of serotonin into N-acetylserotonin, the penultimate step in the synthesis of melatonin. Ref.1

Catalytic activity

Acetyl-CoA + a 2-arylethylamine = CoA + an N-acetyl-2-arylethylamine.

Pathway

Aromatic compound metabolism; melatonin biosynthesis; melatonin from serotonin: step 1/2.

Subunit structure

Monomer By similarity. Interacts with several 14-3-3 proteins, including YWHAB, YWHAE, YWHAG and YWHAZ, preferentially when phosphorylated at Thr-28 By similarity. Phosphorylation on Ser-202 also allows binding to YWHAZ, but with lower affinity By similarity. The interaction with YWHAZ considerably increases affinity for arylalkylamines and acetyl-CoA and protects the enzyme from dephosphorylation and proteasomal degradation. It may also prevent thiol-dependent inactivation By similarity.

Subcellular location

Cytoplasm By similarity.

Tissue specificity

Highly expressed in pineal gland and in the photoreceptor outer segments in the retina. Expressed at about 100-fold lower levels in the pituitary gland and testis. Not detected in other tissues. Ref.1

Induction

Exhibits night/day variations with a 10-fold increased protein levels and activity at night in the pineal gland and a 5-fold increase in the retina. In both tissues, the mRNA levels remain constant. Ref.1

Post-translational modification

cAMP-dependent phosphorylation regulates AANAT activity by promoting interaction with 14-3-3 proteins. Phosphorylation levels exhibit night/day variations, with an increase during nighttime.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the acetyltransferase family. AANAT subfamily.

Contains 1 N-acetyltransferase domain.

Ontologies

Keywords
   Biological processBiological rhythms
Melatonin biosynthesis
   Cellular componentCytoplasm
   Molecular functionAcyltransferase
Transferase
   PTMPhosphoprotein
   Technical termComplete proteome
Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
   Biological processmelatonin biosynthetic process

Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW

rhythmic process

Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW

   Cellular componentcytoplasm

Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell

   Molecular functionaralkylamine N-acetyltransferase activity

Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC

Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature keyPosition(s)LengthDescriptionGraphical viewFeature identifier

Molecule processing

Chain1 – 204204Serotonin N-acetyltransferase
PRO_0000074581

Regions

Domain32 – 193162N-acetyltransferase
Region121 – 1233Acetyl-CoA binding By similarity
Region129 – 1346Acetyl-CoA binding By similarity
Region165 – 1673Acetyl-CoA binding By similarity

Sites

Binding site1211Substrate; via carbonyl oxygen By similarity
Site1181Important for the catalytic mechanism; involved in substrate deprotonation By similarity
Site1201Important for the catalytic mechanism; involved in substrate deprotonation By similarity

Amino acid modifications

Modified residue281Phosphothreonine; by PKA Ref.1
Modified residue2021Phosphoserine By similarity

Sequences

Sequence LengthMass (Da)Tools
O97756 [UniParc].

Last modified May 27, 2002. Version 2.
Checksum: 40A5A415E554DF79

FASTA20422,891
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MSTQSTHPPK PEAPRLPPAI SSCQRRHTLP ASEFRCLTPE DAVSAFEIER EAFISVLGVC 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
PLYLDEIRHF LTLCPELSLG WFEEGCLVAF IIGSLWDKDR LMQESLTMHR PGGHIAHLHV 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
LAVHCAFRQQ GRGPILLWRY LHHLGSQPAV HRAALMCEDA LVPFYERFGF HAMGPCAITV 

       190        200 
GSLSFTELHC SLQGHPFLRR NSGC 

« Hide

References

[1]"Melatonin synthesis enzymes in Macaca mulatta: focus on arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.87)."
Coon S.L., Del Olmo E., Young W.S. III, Klein D.C.
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87:4699-4706(2002) [PubMed: 12364461] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INDUCTION, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-28.
Tissue: Pineal gland.
+Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBL
GenBank
DDBJ
U46661 mRNA. Translation: AAD00061.2.
RefSeqNP_001040592.1. NM_001047127.1.
UniGeneMmu.3603.

3D structure databases

ProteinModelPortalO97756.
SMRO97756. Positions 18-193.
ModBaseSearch...

Protein-protein interaction databases

STRINGO97756.

Protocols and materials databases

StructuralBiologyKnowledgebaseSearch...

Genome annotation databases

EnsemblENSMMUT00000026668; ENSMMUP00000024958; ENSMMUG00000018970.
ENSMMUT00000040995; ENSMMUP00000034025; ENSMMUG00000018970.
GeneID706924.
KEGGmcc:706924.

Organism-specific databases

CTD15.

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGprNOG15095.
GeneTreeENSGT00390000015579.
HOVERGENHBG016332.
InParanoidO97756.
OMAVPFYERF.
OrthoDBEOG4M0F2N.
PhylomeDBO97756.

Enzyme and pathway databases

BRENDA2.3.1.87. 3126.

Family and domain databases

InterProIPR000182. AcTrfase_GCN5-related_dom.
IPR016181. Acyl_CoA_acyltransferase.
[Graphical view]
Gene3DG3DSA:3.40.630.30. Acyl_CoA_acyltransferase. 1 hit.
KOK00669.
PfamPF00583. Acetyltransf_1. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
SUPFAMSSF55729. Acyl_CoA_acyltransferase. 1 hit.
PROSITEPS51186. GNAT. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
ProtoNetSearch...

Entry information

Entry nameSNAT_MACMU
AccessionPrimary (citable) accession number: O97756
Entry history
Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: December 1, 2000
Last sequence update: May 27, 2002
Last modified: December 14, 2011
This is version 75 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]
Entry statusReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation programChordata Protein Annotation Program

Relevant documents

PATHWAY comments

Index of metabolic and biosynthesis pathways

SIMILARITY comments

Index of protein domains and families