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Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot O95831 (AIFM1_HUMAN)

Last modified June 16, 2009. Version 94. Feed History...

Clusters with 100%, 90%, 50% identity | Documents (4) | Third-party data | Customize display text xml rdf/xml gff fasta
Names and origin · Protein attributes · General annotation (Comments) · Ontologies · Binary interactions · Alternative products · Sequence annotation (Features) · Sequences · References · Web resources · Cross-references · Entry information · Relevant documents

Names and origin

Protein namesRecommended name:
    Apoptosis-inducing factor 1, mitochondrial
    EC=1.-.-.-
Alternative name(s):
    Programmed cell death protein 8
Gene names
Name: AIFM1
Synonyms: AIF, PDCD8
OrganismHomo sapiens (Human)
Taxonomic identifier9606 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageEukaryotaMetazoaChordataCraniataVertebrataEuteleostomiMammaliaEutheriaEuarchontogliresPrimatesHaplorrhiniCatarrhiniHominidaeHomo

Protein attributes

Sequence length613 AA.
Sequence statusComplete.
Sequence processingThe displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existenceEvidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function

Probable oxidoreductase that acts as a caspase-independent mitochondrial effector of apoptotic cell death. Extramitochondrial AIF induces nuclear chromatin condensation and large scale DNA fragmentation (in vitro). Binds to DNA in a sequence-independent manner.

Cofactor

FAD.

Subunit structure

Interacts with XIAP. Ref.10

Subcellular location

Mitochondrion intermembrane space. Nucleus. Note: Translocated to the nucleus upon induction of apoptosis. Ref.13

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the FAD-dependent oxidoreductase family.

Alternative products

This entry describes 3 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]
Isoform 1 (identifier: O95831-1)

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.
Isoform 2 (identifier: O95831-2)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     36-322: Missing.
Isoform 3 (identifier: O95831-3)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     36-82: GNLFQRWHVP...VGLSTVGAGA → VVQSHHLGSP...GATVTGAGVY

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature keyPosition(s)LengthDescriptionGraphical viewFeature identifier

Molecule processing

Transit peptide1 – 102102Mitochondrion By similarity
Chain103 – 613511Apoptosis-inducing factor 1, mitochondrial
PRO_0000022030

Regions

Nucleotide binding138 – 1425FAD By similarity
Nucleotide binding164 – 1652FAD By similarity
Nucleotide binding454 – 4552FAD By similarity
Region134 – 483350FAD-dependent oxidoreductase By similarity
Motif446 – 4516Nuclear localization signal Potential

Sites

Binding site1721FAD By similarity
Binding site1771FAD By similarity
Binding site2331FAD; via amide nitrogen and carbonyl oxygen By similarity
Binding site2851FAD By similarity
Binding site4381FAD By similarity
Binding site4831FAD; via carbonyl oxygen By similarity

Amino acid modifications

Modified residue1051Phosphothreonine Ref.9
Modified residue2681Phosphoserine Ref.9 Ref.11
Modified residue5931N6-acetyllysine By similarity

Natural variations

Alternative sequence36 – 322287Missing in isoform 2.
VSP_004357
Alternative sequence36 – 8247GNLFQ…VGAGA → VVQSHHLGSPSRSLASTGAS GKDGSNLVYFLIVGATVTGA GVY in isoform 3.
VSP_022953

Secondary structure

................................................................................................ 613
Helix Strand Turn

Details...

Sequences

Sequence LengthMass (Da)Tools
Isoform 1 [UniParc].

Last modified May 1, 1999. Version 1.
Checksum: A156762BC64E6340

FASTA61366,901
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MFRCGGLAAG ALKQKLVPLV RTVCVRSPRQ RNRLPGNLFQ RWHVPLELQM TRQMASSGAS 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
GGKIDNSVLV LIVGLSTVGA GAYAYKTMKE DEKRYNERIS GLGLTPEQKQ KKAALSASEG 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
EEVPQDKAPS HVPFLLIGGG TAAFAAARSI RARDPGARVL IVSEDPELPY MRPPLSKELW 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
FSDDPNVTKT LRFKQWNGKE RSIYFQPPSF YVSAQDLPHI ENGGVAVLTG KKVVQLDVRD 

       250        260        270        280        290        300 
NMVKLNDGSQ ITYEKCLIAT GGTPRSLSAI DRAGAEVKSR TTLFRKIGDF RSLEKISREV 

       310        320        330        340        350        360 
KSITIIGGGF LGSELACALG RKARALGTEV IQLFPEKGNM GKILPEYLSN WTMEKVRREG 

       370        380        390        400        410        420 
VKVMPNAIVQ SVGVSSGKLL IKLKDGRKVE TDHIVAAVGL EPNVELAKTG GLEIDSDFGG 

       430        440        450        460        470        480 
FRVNAELQAR SNIWVAGDAA CFYDIKLGRR RVEHHDHAVV SGRLAGENMT GAAKPYWHQS 

       490        500        510        520        530        540 
MFWSDLGPDV GYEAIGLVDS SLPTVGVFAK ATAQDNPKSA TEQSGTGIRS ESETESEASE 

       550        560        570        580        590        600 
ITIPPSTPAV PQAPVQGEDY GKGVIFYLRD KVVVGIVLWN IFNRMPIARK IIKDGEQHED 

       610 
LNEVAKLFNI HED 

« Hide

Isoform 2.

Checksum: A87ACDC0A0556040
Show »

FASTA32635,638
Isoform 3.

Checksum: 313ADD6FA4E5D61A
Show »

FASTA60966,295

References

« Hide 'large scale' references
[1]"Molecular characterization of mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor."
Susin S.A., Lorenzo H.K., Zamzami N., Marzo I., Snow B.E., Brothers G.M., Mangion J., Jacotot E., Costantini P., Loeffler M., Larochette N., Goodlett D.R., Aebersold R., Siderovski D.P., Penninger J.M., Kroemer G.
Nature 397:441-446(1999) [PubMed: 9989411] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
[2]Rhodes S.
Submitted (APR-1999) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS 2 AND 3).
[3]"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs."
Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. expand/collapse author list , Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S.
Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed: 14702039] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 3).
Tissue: Kidney.
[4]"Cloning of human full open reading frames in Gateway(TM) system entry vector (pDONR201)."
Ebert L., Schick M., Neubert P., Schatten R., Henze S., Korn B.
Submitted (JUN-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
[5]"The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome."
Ross M.T., Grafham D.V., Coffey A.J., Scherer S., McLay K., Muzny D., Platzer M., Howell G.R., Burrows C., Bird C.P., Frankish A., Lovell F.L., Howe K.L., Ashurst J.L., Fulton R.S., Sudbrak R., Wen G., Jones M.C. expand/collapse author list , Hurles M.E., Andrews T.D., Scott C.E., Searle S., Ramser J., Whittaker A., Deadman R., Carter N.P., Hunt S.E., Chen R., Cree A., Gunaratne P., Havlak P., Hodgson A., Metzker M.L., Richards S., Scott G., Steffen D., Sodergren E., Wheeler D.A., Worley K.C., Ainscough R., Ambrose K.D., Ansari-Lari M.A., Aradhya S., Ashwell R.I., Babbage A.K., Bagguley C.L., Ballabio A., Banerjee R., Barker G.E., Barlow K.F., Barrett I.P., Bates K.N., Beare D.M., Beasley H., Beasley O., Beck A., Bethel G., Blechschmidt K., Brady N., Bray-Allen S., Bridgeman A.M., Brown A.J., Brown M.J., Bonnin D., Bruford E.A., Buhay C., Burch P., Burford D., Burgess J., Burrill W., Burton J., Bye J.M., Carder C., Carrel L., Chako J., Chapman J.C., Chavez D., Chen E., Chen G., Chen Y., Chen Z., Chinault C., Ciccodicola A., Clark S.Y., Clarke G., Clee C.M., Clegg S., Clerc-Blankenburg K., Clifford K., Cobley V., Cole C.G., Conquer J.S., Corby N., Connor R.E., David R., Davies J., Davis C., Davis J., Delgado O., Deshazo D., Dhami P., Ding Y., Dinh H., Dodsworth S., Draper H., Dugan-Rocha S., Dunham A., Dunn M., Durbin K.J., Dutta I., Eades T., Ellwood M., Emery-Cohen A., Errington H., Evans K.L., Faulkner L., Francis F., Frankland J., Fraser A.E., Galgoczy P., Gilbert J., Gill R., Gloeckner G., Gregory S.G., Gribble S., Griffiths C., Grocock R., Gu Y., Gwilliam R., Hamilton C., Hart E.A., Hawes A., Heath P.D., Heitmann K., Hennig S., Hernandez J., Hinzmann B., Ho S., Hoffs M., Howden P.J., Huckle E.J., Hume J., Hunt P.J., Hunt A.R., Isherwood J., Jacob L., Johnson D., Jones S., de Jong P.J., Joseph S.S., Keenan S., Kelly S., Kershaw J.K., Khan Z., Kioschis P., Klages S., Knights A.J., Kosiura A., Kovar-Smith C., Laird G.K., Langford C., Lawlor S., Leversha M., Lewis L., Liu W., Lloyd C., Lloyd D.M., Loulseged H., Loveland J.E., Lovell J.D., Lozado R., Lu J., Lyne R., Ma J., Maheshwari M., Matthews L.H., McDowall J., McLaren S., McMurray A., Meidl P., Meitinger T., Milne S., Miner G., Mistry S.L., Morgan M., Morris S., Mueller I., Mullikin J.C., Nguyen N., Nordsiek G., Nyakatura G., O'dell C.N., Okwuonu G., Palmer S., Pandian R., Parker D., Parrish J., Pasternak S., Patel D., Pearce A.V., Pearson D.M., Pelan S.E., Perez L., Porter K.M., Ramsey Y., Reichwald K., Rhodes S., Ridler K.A., Schlessinger D., Schueler M.G., Sehra H.K., Shaw-Smith C., Shen H., Sheridan E.M., Shownkeen R., Skuce C.D., Smith M.L., Sotheran E.C., Steingruber H.E., Steward C.A., Storey R., Swann R.M., Swarbreck D., Tabor P.E., Taudien S., Taylor T., Teague B., Thomas K., Thorpe A., Timms K., Tracey A., Trevanion S., Tromans A.C., d'Urso M., Verduzco D., Villasana D., Waldron L., Wall M., Wang Q., Warren J., Warry G.L., Wei X., West A., Whitehead S.L., Whiteley M.N., Wilkinson J.E., Willey D.L., Williams G., Williams L., Williamson A., Williamson H., Wilming L., Woodmansey R.L., Wray P.W., Yen J., Zhang J., Zhou J., Zoghbi H., Zorilla S., Buck D., Reinhardt R., Poustka A., Rosenthal A., Lehrach H., Meindl A., Minx P.J., Hillier L.W., Willard H.F., Wilson R.K., Waterston R.H., Rice C.M., Vaudin M., Coulson A., Nelson D.L., Weinstock G., Sulston J.E., Durbin R.M., Hubbard T., Gibbs R.A., Beck S., Rogers J., Bentley D.R.
Nature 434:325-337(2005) [PubMed: 15772651] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[6]"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."
The MGC Project Team
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 3).
Tissue: Brain.
[7]Mei G., Yu W., Gibbs R.A.
Submitted (FEB-1999) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 171-613.
Tissue: Brain.
[8]"Apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF): a ubiquitous mitochondrial oxidoreductase involved in apoptosis."
Daugas E., Nochy D., Ravagnan L., Loeffler M., Susin S.A., Zamzami N., Kroemer G.
FEBS Lett. 476:118-123(2000) [PubMed: 10913597] [Abstract]
Cited for: REVIEW.
[9]"Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle."
Daub H., Olsen J.V., Bairlein M., Gnad F., Oppermann F.S., Korner R., Greff Z., Keri G., Stemmann O., Mann M.
Mol. Cell 31:438-448(2008) [PubMed: 18691976] [Abstract]
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-105 AND SER-268, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[10]"Apoptosis-inducing factor is a target for ubiquitination through interaction with XIAP."
Wilkinson J.C., Wilkinson A.S., Galban S., Csomos R.A., Duckett C.S.
Mol. Cell. Biol. 28:237-247(2008) [PubMed: 17967870] [Abstract]
Cited for: INTERACTION WITH XIAP.
[11]"A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation."
Dephoure N., Zhou C., Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Bakalarski C.E., Elledge S.J., Gygi S.P.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10762-10767(2008) [PubMed: 18669648] [Abstract]
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-268, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[12]Colinge J., Superti-Furga G., Bennett K.L.
Submitted (OCT-2008) to UniProtKB
Cited for: IDENTIFICATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS], MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[13]"DNA binding is required for the apoptogenic action of apoptosis inducing factor."
Ye H., Cande C., Stephanou N.C., Jiang S., Gurbuxani S., Larochette N., Daugas E., Garrido C., Kroemer G., Wu H.
Nat. Struct. Biol. 9:680-684(2002) [PubMed: 12198487] [Abstract]
Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.8 ANGSTROMS) OF 121-613 IN COMPLEX WITH FAD, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, DNA-BINDING.
+Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases

AF100928 mRNA. Translation: AAD16436.1.
AL049703 mRNA. Translation: CAB41267.1.
AL049704 mRNA. Translation: CAB41268.1.
AK314446 mRNA. Translation: BAG37055.1.
CR457379 mRNA. Translation: CAG33660.1.
AL139234 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI42778.1.
AL139234 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI42780.1.
BC111065 mRNA. Translation: AAI11066.1.
AF131759 mRNA. Translation: AAD20036.1.
IPIIPI00000690.
IPI00157908.
IPI00300018.
RefSeqNP_004199.1.
NP_665811.1.
NP_665812.1.
UniGeneHs.424932

3D structure databases

EntryMethodResolution (Å)ChainPositionsPDBsum
1M6IX-ray1.80A121-613[»]
ModBaseSearch...

Protein-protein interaction databases

IntActO95831. 21 interactions.

PTM databases

PhosphoSiteO95831.

2-D gel databases

REPRODUCTION-2DPAGEIPI00157908.

Proteomic databases

PRIDEO95831.

Genome annotation databases

EnsemblENSG00000156709. Homo sapiens. [Contig view]
GeneID9131.

Organism-specific databases

GeneCardsGC0XM129092.
HGNCHGNC:8768. AIFM1.
HPACAB003764.
MIM300169. gene.
GenAtlasSearch...

Phylogenomic databases

HOVERGENO95831.
OMAO95831. VTETLRF.

Enzyme and pathway databases

Pathway_Interaction_DBceramidepathway. Ceramide signaling pathway.

Gene expression databases

ArrayExpressO95831.
BgeeO95831.
CleanExHS_AIFM1.
GermOnlineENSG00000156709. Homo sapiens.

Family and domain databases

InterProIPR013027. FAD_pyr_nucl-diS_OxRdtase.
IPR004099. Pyr_nucl-diS_OxRdtase_dimer.
IPR001327. Pyr_OxRdtase_NAD_bd.
[Graphical view]
Gene3DG3DSA:3.30.390.30. Pyr_redox_dim. 1 hit.
PfamPF00070. Pyr_redox. 2 hits.
PF07992. Pyr_redox_2. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
PRINTSPR00368. FADPNR.
ProDomPD000139. FAD_pyr_redox. 1 hit.
[Graphical view] [Entries sharing at least one domain]
ProtoNetSearch...

Other Resources

NextBio34229.
SOURCESearch...

Entry information

Entry nameAIFM1_HUMAN
AccessionPrimary (citable) accession number: O95831
Secondary accession number(s): B2RB08 expand/collapse secondary AC list , Q5JUZ7, Q6I9X6, Q9Y3I3, Q9Y3I4
Entry history
Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: April 27, 2001
Last sequence update: May 1, 1999
Last modified: June 16, 2009
This is version 94 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]
Entry statusReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation projectHPI (Human Proteome Initiative)

Relevant documents

Human chromosome X

Human chromosome X: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM

MIM cross-references

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

PDB cross-references

Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references

SIMILARITY comments

Index of protein domains and families

Names and origin · Protein attributes · General annotation (Comments) · Ontologies · Binary interactions · Alternative products · Sequence annotation (Features) · Sequences · References · Web resources · Cross-references · Entry information · Relevant documents