O95551 (TYDP2_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 1, 2013.
Version 104.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 2 Short name=Tyr-DNA phosphodiesterase 2 Short name=hTDP2 EC=3.1.4.- Alternative name(s): 5'-tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase Short name=5'-Tyr-DNA phosphodiesterase ETS1-associated protein 2 ETS1-associated protein II Short name=EAPII TRAF and TNF receptor-associated protein Tyrosyl-RNA phosphodiesterase VPg unlinkase | ||||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 362 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | DNA repair enzyme that can remove a variety of covalent adducts from DNA through hydrolysis of a 5'-phosphodiester bond, giving rise to DNA with a free 5' phosphate. Catalyzes the hydrolysis of dead-end complexes between DNA and the topoisomerase 2 (TOP2) active site tyrosine residue. Hydrolyzes 5'-phosphoglycolates on protruding 5' ends on DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) due to DNA damage by radiation and free radicals. The 5'-tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase activity can enable the repair of TOP2-induced DSBs without the need for nuclease activity, creating a 'clean' DSB with 5'-phosphate termini that are ready for ligation. Has preference for single-stranded DNA or duplex DNA with a 4 base pair overhang as substrate. Has also 3'-tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase activity, but less efficiently and much slower than TDP1. Constitutes the major if not only 5'-tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase in cells. Also acts as a 5'-tyrosyl-RNA phosphodiesterase following picornavirus infection: its activity is hijacked by picornavirus and acts by specifically cleaving the protein-RNA covalent linkage generated during the viral genomic RNA replication steps of a picornavirus infection, without impairing the integrity of viral RNA. Also acts as an adapter by participating to the specific activation of MAP3K7/TAK1 in response to TGF-beta: associates with components of the TGF-beta receptor-TRAF6-TAK1 signaling module and promotes their ubiquitination dependent complex formation. Involved in non-canonical TGF-beta induced signaling routes. May also act as a negative regulator of ETS1 and may inhibit NF-kappa-B activation. Acts as a regulator of ribosome biogenesis following stress. Ref.9 Ref.11 Ref.12 Ref.13 Ref.14 Ref.15 Ref.16 |
| Cofactor | Magnesium. Can use other divalent cations as cofactor in vitro, such as manganese. Ref.9 Ref.13 Ref.15 |
| Subunit structure | Interacts with TRAF2, TRAF3, TRAF5, TRAF6, TNFRSF8/CD30, TNFRSF5/CD40, TNFRSF1B/TNF-R75, ETS1, ETS2, FLI1, SMAD3 and ACVR1B/ALK4. Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.8 |
| Subcellular location | Nucleus. Nucleus › PML body. Nucleus › nucleolus. Cytoplasm. Note: Localizes to nucleolar cavities following stress; localization to nucleolus is dependent on PML protein. In case of infection by picornavirus, relocalizes to cytoplasmic sites distinct from those containing viral proteins associated with RNA replication or encapsidation. Ref.2 Ref.9 Ref.14 Ref.16 |
| Tissue specificity | Widely expressed. Ref.1 |
| Post-translational modification | Ubiquitinated by TRAF6. Ref.12 |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the CCR4/nocturin family. |
| Biophysicochemical properties | Kinetic parameters: kcat is 3 sec(-1) with single-stranded 5'-tyrosyl DNA as substrate. KM=8 µM for single-stranded 5'-tyrosyl DNA Ref.15 |
| Sequence caution | The sequence BAG59230.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. Translation N-terminally extended. The sequence CAD92510.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous gene model prediction. |
Ontologies
Alternative products
| This entry describes 3 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: O95551-1) This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: O95551-2) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-1: M → MRERHDTGACAEPRVGLLFRLKGRCRGGRKM | ||||||
| Note: No experimental confirmation available. | ||||||
| Isoform 3 (identifier: O95551-3) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 60-137: Missing. | ||||||
| Note: No experimental confirmation available. |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 362 | 362 | Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 2 | PRO_0000065678 | |||||
Sites | |||||||||
| Active site | 351 | 1 | Proton acceptor Probable | ||||||
| Metal binding | 120 | 1 | Magnesium Probable | ||||||
| Metal binding | 152 | 1 | Magnesium By similarity | ||||||
| Metal binding | 262 | 1 | Magnesium Probable | ||||||
| Metal binding | 264 | 1 | Magnesium By similarity | ||||||
| Metal binding | 350 | 1 | Magnesium By similarity | ||||||
| Metal binding | 351 | 1 | Magnesium Probable | ||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Modified residue | 88 | 1 | Phosphothreonine; by ACVR1B Ref.8 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 92 | 1 | Phosphothreonine; by ACVR1B Ref.8 | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 | 1 | M → MRERHDTGACAEPRVGLLFR LKGRCRGGRKM in isoform 2. | VSP_038523 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 60 – 137 | 78 | Missing in isoform 3. | VSP_038524 | |||||
| Natural variant | 166 | 1 | S → G. Corresponds to variant rs35977478 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_051464 | |||||
| Natural variant | 249 | 1 | Q → E. Ref.5 Corresponds to variant rs2294689 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_022634 | |||||
| Natural variant | 268 | 1 | R → Q. Ref.5 Corresponds to variant rs17249952 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_022635 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 88 | 1 | T → A: Abolishes function, but retains ability to interact with SMAD3; when associated with A-92. Ref.8 | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 92 | 1 | T → A: Abolishes function, but retains ability to interact with SMAD3; when associated with A-88. Ref.8 | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 120 | 1 | N → A: Strongly reduced phosphodiesterase activity. Ref.15 | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 152 | 1 | E → A: Loss of phosphodiesterase activity. Ref.9 Ref.15 | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 262 | 1 | D → A: Loss of phosphodiesterase activity. Ref.9 Ref.15 | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 351 | 1 | H → A: Loss of phosphodiesterase activity. Ref.15 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 31 | 1 | E → R in AAF64144. Ref.3 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 61 | 1 | Y → C in BAA92119. Ref.4 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 72 | 1 | E → G in BAG60857. Ref.4 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "TTRAP, a novel protein that associates with CD40, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-75 and TNF receptor-associated factors (TRAFs), and that inhibits nuclear factor-kappa B activation." Pype S., Declercq W., Ibrahimi A., Michiels C., Van Rietschoten J.G.I., Dewulf N., de Boer M., Vandenabeele P., Huylebroeck D., Remacle J.E. J. Biol. Chem. 275:18586-18593(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), INTERACTION WITH TNFRSF5; TNFRSF8; TNFRSF1B; TRAF2; TRAF3; TRAF5 AND TRAF6, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. Tissue: Umbilical vein. |
| [2] | "EAPII interacts with ETS1 and modulates its transcriptional function." Pei H., Yordy J.S., Leng Q., Zhao Q., Watson D.K., Li R. Oncogene 22:2699-2709(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), INTERACTION WITH ETS1; ETS2 AND FLI1, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. |
| [3] | "Gene expression profiling in the human hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and full-length cDNA cloning." Hu R.-M., Han Z.-G., Song H.-D., Peng Y.-D., Huang Q.-H., Ren S.-X., Gu Y.-J., Huang C.-H., Li Y.-B., Jiang C.-L., Fu G., Zhang Q.-H., Gu B.-W., Dai M., Mao Y.-F., Gao G.-F., Rong R., Ye M. Chen J.-L.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97:9543-9548(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Adrenal gland. |
| [4] | "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. Sugano S.Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 2), NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 23-362 (ISOFORM 3). Tissue: Colon and Placenta. |
| [5] | SeattleSNPs variation discovery resource Submitted (APR-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], VARIANTS GLU-249 AND GLN-268. |
| [6] | "The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6." Mungall A.J., Palmer S.A., Sims S.K., Edwards C.A., Ashurst J.L., Wilming L., Jones M.C., Horton R., Hunt S.E., Scott C.E., Gilbert J.G.R., Clamp M.E., Bethel G., Milne S., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Ambrose K.D., Andrews T.D. Beck S.Nature 425:805-811(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [7] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Duodenum and Skin. |
| [8] | "Ttrap is an essential modulator of Smad3-dependent Nodal signaling during zebrafish gastrulation and left-right axis determination." Esguerra C.V., Nelles L., Vermeire L., Ibrahimi A., Crawford A.D., Derua R., Janssens E., Waelkens E., Carmeliet P., Collen D., Huylebroeck D. Development 134:4381-4393(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH ACVR1B AND SMAD3, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-88 AND THR-92, MUTAGENESIS OF THR-88 AND THR-92. |
| [9] | "A human 5'-tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase that repairs topoisomerase-mediated DNA damage." Ledesma F.C., El Khamisy S.F., Zuma M.C., Osborn K., Caldecott K.W. Nature 461:674-678(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION AS TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, COFACTOR, MUTAGENESIS OF GLU-152 AND ASP-262. |
| [10] | "Initial characterization of the human central proteome." Burkard T.R., Planyavsky M., Kaupe I., Breitwieser F.P., Buerckstuemmer T., Bennett K.L., Superti-Furga G., Colinge J. BMC Syst. Biol. 5:17-17(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. |
| [11] | "TDP2/TTRAP is the major 5'-tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase activity in vertebrate cells and is critical for cellular resistance to topoisomerase II-induced DNA damage." Zeng Z., Cortes-Ledesma F., El Khamisy S.F., Caldecott K.W. J. Biol. Chem. 286:403-409(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION. |
| [12] | "TTRAP is a novel component of the non-canonical TRAF6-TAK1 TGF-beta signaling pathway." Varady G., Sarkadi B., Fatyol K. PLoS ONE 6:E25548-E25548(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, UBIQUITINATION. |
| [13] | "Characterization of magnesium requirement of human 5'-tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase mediated reaction." Adhikari S., Karmahapatra S.K., Karve T.M., Bandyopadhyay S., Woodrick J., Manthena P.V., Glasgow E., Byers S., Saha T., Uren A. BMC Res. Notes 5:134-134(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, COFACTOR. |
| [14] | "The PML nuclear bodies-associated protein TTRAP regulates ribosome biogenesis in nucleolar cavities upon proteasome inhibition." Vilotti S., Biagioli M., Foti R., Dal Ferro M., Lavina Z.S., Collavin L., Del Sal G., Zucchelli S., Gustincich S. Cell Death Differ. 19:488-500(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. |
| [15] | "Biochemical characterization of human Tyrosyl DNA Phosphodiesterase 2 (TDP2/TTRAP): a Mg2+/Mn2+-dependent phosphodiesterase specific for the repair of topoisomerase cleavage complexes." Gao R., Huang S.Y., Marchand C., Pommier Y. J. Biol. Chem. 287:30842-30852(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, COFACTOR, BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, MUTAGENESIS OF ASN-120; GLU-152; ASP-262 AND HIS-351. |
| [16] | "An RNA virus hijacks an incognito function of a DNA repair enzyme." Virgen-Slane R., Rozovics J.M., Fitzgerald K.D., Ngo T., Chou W., van der Heden van Noort G.J., Filippov D.V., Gershon P.D., Semler B.L. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 109:14634-14639(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION AS TYROSYL-RNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Web resources
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | AJ269473 mRNA. Translation: CAB92966.1. AF201687 mRNA. Translation: AAG35600.1. AF223469 mRNA. Translation: AAF64144.1. AK002168 mRNA. Translation: BAA92119.1. AK296623 mRNA. Translation: BAG59230.1. Different initiation. AK298699 mRNA. Translation: BAG60857.1. AY613922 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAT09764.1. AL031775 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA21141.1. AL031775 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAD92510.1. Sequence problems. BC017553 mRNA. Translation: AAH17553.1. BC110375 mRNA. Translation: AAI10376.1. |
| IPI | IPI00009913. IPI00954485. IPI00954580. |
| RefSeq | NP_057698.2. NM_016614.2. |
| UniGene | Hs.731481. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | O95551. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| IntAct | O95551. 13 interactions. |
| MINT | MINT-5005899. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | O95551. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PaxDb | O95551. |
| PRIDE | O95551. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| DNASU | 51567. |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000341060; ENSP00000345345; ENSG00000111802. ENST00000378198; ENSP00000367440; ENSG00000111802. ENST00000545995; ENSP00000437637; ENSG00000111802. |
| GeneID | 51567. |
| KEGG | hsa:51567. |
| UCSC | uc003nej.3. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 51567. |
| GeneCards | GC06M024651. |
| HGNC | HGNC:17768. TDP2. |
| MIM | 605764. gene. |
| neXtProt | NX_O95551. |
| PharmGKB | PA165618310. |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | NOG277021. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG079625. |
| InParanoid | O95551. |
| OMA | LITWNID. |
| OrthoDB | EOG4HQDJR. |
| PhylomeDB | O95551. |
Gene expression databases | |
| Bgee | O95551. |
| CleanEx | HS_TTRAP. |
| Genevestigator | O95551. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000111802. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR005135. Endo/exonuclease/phosphatase. IPR009060. UBA-like. [Graphical view] |
| Pfam | PF03372. Exo_endo_phos. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| SUPFAM | SSF56219. Exo_endo_phos. 1 hit. SSF46934. UBA_like. 1 hit. |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| GenomeRNAi | 51567. |
| NextBio | 55388. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | TYDP2_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: O95551 Secondary accession number(s): B4DKL8 Q9NYY9 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
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| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 6 Human chromosome 6: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
