O95390 (GDF11_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Growth/differentiation factor 11
Short name=GDF-11

Alternative name(s):
Bone morphogenetic protein 11
Short name=BMP-11

Gene names

Name:	GDF11
Synonyms:	BMP11

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	407 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Secreted signal that acts globally to specify positional identity along the anterior/posterior axis during development. Play critical roles in patterning both mesodermal and neural tissues and in establishing the skeletal pattern.
Subunit structure	Homodimer; disulfide-linked By similarity.
Subcellular location	Secreted Probable.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the TGF-beta family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Secreted
Domain	Signal
Molecular function	Cytokine Growth factor
PTM	Cleavage on pair of basic residues Disulfide bond Glycoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	camera-type eye morphogenesis Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara cell maturation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara growth Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro mesoderm development Traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: UniProtKB metanephros development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara negative regulation of cell differentiation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara negative regulation of cell proliferation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara nervous system development Traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: UniProtKB pancreas development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara skeletal system development Traceable author statement Ref.2. Source: UniProtKB spinal cord anterior/posterior patterning Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara ureteric bud development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara
Cellular_component	extracellular space Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Molecular_function	cytokine activity Non-traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 24	24	Potential
	Propeptide	25 – 298	274	By similarity		PRO_0000033986
	Chain	299 – 407	109	Growth/differentiation factor 11		PRO_0000033987
Regions
	Compositional bias	29 – 41	13	Poly-Ala
	Compositional bias	210 – 215	6	Poly-Gly
Amino acid modifications
	Glycosylation	94	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Disulfide bond	313 ↔ 372		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	341 ↔ 404		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	345 ↔ 406		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	371		Interchain By similarity

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	O95390 [UniParc]. Last modified May 1, 1999. Version 1. Checksum: E8FF48E363635BA8	FASTA	407	45,091
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MVLAAPLLLG FLLLALELRP RGEAAEGPAA AAAAAAAAAA AGVGGERSSR PAPSVAPEPD 70 80 90 100 110 120 GCPVCVWRQH SRELRLESIK SQILSKLRLK EAPNISREVV KQLLPKAPPL QQILDLHDFQ 130 140 150 160 170 180 GDALQPEDFL EEDEYHATTE TVISMAQETD PAVQTDGSPL CCHFHFSPKV MFTKVLKAQL 190 200 210 220 230 240 WVYLRPVPRP ATVYLQILRL KPLTGEGTAG GGGGGRRHIR IRSLKIELHS RSGHWQSIDF 250 260 270 280 290 300 KQVLHSWFRQ PQSNWGIEIN AFDPSGTDLA VTSLGPGAEG LHPFMELRVL ENTKRSRRNL 310 320 330 340 350 360 GLDCDEHSSE SRCCRYPLTV DFEAFGWDWI IAPKRYKANY CSGQCEYMFM QKYPHTHLVQ 370 380 390 400 QANPRGSAGP CCTPTKMSPI NMLYFNDKQQ IIYGKIPGMV VDRCGCS

References

[1]	"A novel BMP expressed in developing mouse limb, spinal cord, and tail bud is a potent mesoderm inducer in Xenopus embryos." Gamer L.W., Wolfman N.M., Celeste A.J., Hattersley G., Hewick R., Rosen V. Dev. Biol. 208:222-232(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Fetal brain.
[2]	"Regulation of anterior/posterior patterning of the axial skeleton by growth/differentiation factor 11." McPherron A.C., Lawler A.M., Lee S.-J. Nat. Genet. 22:260-264(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA].
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AF100907 mRNA. Translation: AAC72852.1. AF028333 mRNA. Translation: AAF21630.1. AF028334 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF21631.1.
IPI	IPI00030111.
RefSeq	NP_005802.1. NM_005811.3.
UniGene	Hs.600883.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	O95390.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	O95390. 2 interactions.
MINT	MINT-2798837.
STRING	9606.ENSP00000257868.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	O95390.
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	O95390.
PRIDE	O95390.
Protocols and materials databases
DNASU	10220.
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000257868; ENSP00000257868; ENSG00000135414.
GeneID	10220.
KEGG	hsa:10220.
UCSC	uc001shq.3. human.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	10220.
GeneCards	GC12P056137.
HGNC	HGNC:4216. GDF11.
MIM	603936. gene.
neXtProt	NX_O95390.
PharmGKB	PA28631.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	NOG310007.
HOGENOM	HOG000006566.
HOVERGEN	HBG000217.
InParanoid	O95390.
KO	K05497.
OMA	HGKIPGM.
OrthoDB	EOG4ZW5B7.
PhylomeDB	O95390.
Gene expression databases
Bgee	O95390.
CleanEx	HS_GDF11.
Genevestigator	O95390.
GermOnline	ENSG00000135414. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR001839. TGF-b_C. IPR001111. TGF-b_N. IPR015615. TGF-beta-rel. IPR017948. TGFb_CS. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR11848. PTHR11848. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00019. TGF_beta. 1 hit. PF00688. TGFb_propeptide. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SMART	SM00204. TGFB. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS00250. TGF_BETA_1. 1 hit. PS51362. TGF_BETA_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
GenomeRNAi	10220.
NextBio	38700.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

GDF11_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: O95390
Secondary accession number(s): Q9UID1, Q9UID2

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	January 24, 2001
Last sequence update:	May 1, 1999
Last modified:	May 1, 2013
This is version 105 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.