O94985 (CSTN1_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
January 25, 2012.
Version 97.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Calsyntenin-1 Alternative name(s): Alcadein-alpha Short name=Alc-alpha Alzheimer-related cadherin-like protein Non-classical cadherin XB31alpha Cleaved into the following 2 chains:
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| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 981 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Sequence processing | The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Induces KLC1 association with vesicles and functions as a cargo in axonal anterograde transport. Complex formation with APBA2 and APP, stabilizes APP metabolism and enhances APBA2-mediated suppression of beta-APP40 secretion, due to the retardation of intracellular APP maturation. In complex with APBA2 and C99, a C-terminal APP fragment, abolishes C99 interaction with PSEN1 and thus APP C99 cleavage by gamma-secretase, most probably through stabilization of the direct interaction between APBA2 and APP. The intracellular fragment AlcICD suppresses APBB1-dependent transactivation stimulated by APP C-terminal intracellular fragment (AICD), most probably by competing with AICD for APBB1-binding. May modulate calcium-mediated postsynaptic signals By similarity. Ref.1 |
| Subunit structure | Directly interacts with APBA2. Forms a tripartite complex with APBA2 and APP. The CTF1 chain interacts with PSEN1. The intracellular fragment AlcICD interacts with APBB1; this interaction stabilizes AlcICD metabolism. Interacts with KLC1 and APBB1 By similarity. Ref.1 Ref.8 |
| Subcellular location | Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Golgi apparatus membrane. Cell projection. Cell junction › synapse › postsynaptic cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein By similarity. Nucleus. Note: Neurite tips. Localized in the postsynaptic membrane of both excitatory and inhibitory synapses By similarity. The AlcICD fragment is translocated to the nucleus upon interaction with APBB1. Ref.8 |
| Tissue specificity | Expressed in the brain and, a lower level, in the heart, skeletal muscle, kidney and placenta. Accumulates in dystrophic neurites around the amyloid core of Alzheimer disease senile plaques (at protein level). Ref.1 Ref.7 |
| Domain | The cytoplasmic domain is involved in interaction with APBA2, as well as the binding of synaptic Ca2+ By similarity. |
| Post-translational modification | Proteolytically processed under normal cellular conditions. A primary zeta-cleavage generates a large extracellular (soluble) N-terminal domain (sAlc) and a short C-terminal transmembrane fragment (CTF1). A secondary cleavage catalyzed by presenilin gamma-secretase within the transmembrane domain releases the beta-Alc-alpha chain in the extracellular milieu and produces an intracellular fragment (AlcICD). This processing is strongly suppressed in the tripartite complex formed with APBA2 and APP, which seems to prevent the association with PSEN1. |
| Sequence similarities | Contains 2 cadherin domains. |
| Sequence caution | The sequence BAA74934.2 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. |
Ontologies
Alternative products
| This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: O94985-1) Also known as: Alcalpha2; This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: O94985-2) Also known as: Alcalpha1; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 72-81: Missing. |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Signal peptide | 1 – 28 | 28 | Ref.6 | ||||||
| Chain | 29 – 981 | 953 | Calsyntenin-1 | PRO_0000004021 | |||||
| Chain | 29 – 825 | 797 | Soluble Alc-alpha | PRO_0000323597 | |||||
| Chain | 826 – 981 | 156 | CTF1-alpha | PRO_0000323598 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Topological domain | 29 – 859 | 831 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 860 – 880 | 21 | Helical; Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 881 – 981 | 101 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
| Domain | 38 – 164 | 127 | Cadherin 1 | ||||||
| Domain | 165 – 265 | 101 | Cadherin 2 | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 916 – 959 | 44 | Glu-rich (highly acidic) | ||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Glycosylation | 346 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||
| Glycosylation | 366 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||
| Glycosylation | 515 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 72 – 81 | 10 | Missing in isoform 2. | VSP_032035 | |||||
| Natural variant | 332 | 1 | A → T. Corresponds to variant rs7550295 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_048582 | |||||
| Natural variant | 474 | 1 | V → A. Ref.5 Corresponds to variant rs17853245 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_039552 | |||||
| Natural variant | 524 | 1 | S → C. Ref.5 Corresponds to variant rs17853244 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_039553 | |||||
| Natural variant | 583 | 1 | P → R. Ref.5 Corresponds to variant rs17853243 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_039554 | |||||
| Natural variant | 857 | 1 | P → H. Ref.5 Corresponds to variant rs17855572 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_039555 | |||||
| Natural variant | 870 | 1 | F → S. Ref.5 Corresponds to variant rs17855573 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_039556 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 913 – 914 | 2 | NP → AA: Abolishes interaction with APBA2. | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 918 | 1 | Y → A: No effect on APBA2-binding. Ref.1 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 102 | 1 | D → G in BAF82487. Ref.3 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 553 | 1 | K → R in BAF82487. Ref.3 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 886 – 887 | 2 | HR → ST in AAQ04552. Ref.1 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Novel cadherin-related membrane proteins, Alcadeins, enhance the X11-like protein-mediated stabilization of amyloid beta-protein precursor metabolism." Araki Y., Tomita S., Yamaguchi H., Miyagi N., Sumioka A., Kirino Y., Suzuki T. J. Biol. Chem. 278:49448-49458(2003) [PubMed: 12972431] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 2), FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INTERACTION WITH APBA2, MUTAGENESIS OF 913-ASN-PRO-914 AND TYR-918. Tissue: Brain. |
| [2] | "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XII. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro." Nagase T., Ishikawa K., Suyama M., Kikuno R., Hirosawa M., Miyajima N., Tanaka A., Kotani H., Nomura N., Ohara O. DNA Res. 5:355-364(1998) [PubMed: 10048485] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Brain. |
| [3] | "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. Sugano S.Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed: 14702039] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2). Tissue: Brain. |
| [4] | "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1." Gregory S.G., Barlow K.F., McLay K.E., Kaul R., Swarbreck D., Dunham A., Scott C.E., Howe K.L., Woodfine K., Spencer C.C.A., Jones M.C., Gillson C., Searle S., Zhou Y., Kokocinski F., McDonald L., Evans R., Phillips K. Bentley D.R.Nature 441:315-321(2006) [PubMed: 16710414] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [5] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2), VARIANTS ALA-474; CYS-524; ARG-583; HIS-857 AND SER-870. Tissue: Hippocampus. |
| [6] | "Coordinated metabolism of Alcadein and amyloid beta-protein precursor regulates FE65-dependent gene transactivation." Araki Y., Miyagi N., Kato N., Yoshida T., Wada S., Nishimura M., Komano H., Yamamoto T., De Strooper B., Yamamoto K., Suzuki T. J. Biol. Chem. 279:24343-24354(2004) [PubMed: 15037614] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 29-33 AND 826-833, PROTEOLYTIC CLEAVAGE. |
| [7] | "The calsyntenins - a family of postsynaptic membrane proteins with distinct neuronal expression patterns." Hintsch G., Zurlinden A., Meskenaite V., Steuble M., Fink-Widmer K., Kinter J., Sonderegger P. Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 21:393-409(2002) [PubMed: 12498782] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [8] | "The novel cargo Alcadein induces vesicle association of kinesin-1 motor components and activates axonal transport." Araki Y., Kawano T., Taru H., Saito Y., Wada S., Miyamoto K., Kobayashi H., Ishikawa H.O., Ohsugi Y., Yamamoto T., Matsuno K., Kinjo M., Suzuki T. EMBO J. 26:1475-1486(2007) [PubMed: 17332754] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH KLC1, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, GLYCOSYLATION. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
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| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | AF438482 mRNA. Translation: AAQ04552.1. AY753301 mRNA. Translation: AAV30551.1. AB020718 mRNA. Translation: BAA74934.2. Different initiation. AK289798 mRNA. Translation: BAF82487.1. AL691449, AL357140 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI15699.1. AL691449, AL357140 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI15700.1. AL357140, AL691449 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI16884.1. AL357140, AL691449 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI16885.1. BC033902 mRNA. Translation: AAH33902.1. |
| IPI | IPI00007257. IPI00413959. |
| RefSeq | NP_001009566.1. NM_001009566.1. NP_055759.3. NM_014944.3. |
| UniGene | Hs.29665. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | O94985. |
| SMR | O94985. Positions 25-265. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| IntAct | O94985. 10 interactions. |
| MINT | MINT-4544144. |
| STRING | O94985. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PRIDE | O94985. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000377298; ENSP00000366513; ENSG00000171603. |
| GeneID | 22883. |
| KEGG | hsa:22883. |
| UCSC | uc001aqh.1. human. uc001aqi.1. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 22883. |
| GeneCards | GC01M009789. |
| H-InvDB | HIX0000108. |
| HGNC | HGNC:17447. CLSTN1. |
| HPA | HPA012412. |
| MIM | 611321. gene. |
| neXtProt | NX_O94985. |
| HUGE | Search... |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | prNOG15763. |
| GeneTree | ENSGT00390000010858. |
| HOGENOM | HBG444353. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG051146. |
| InParanoid | O94985. |
| OMA | DTCEVTV. |
| OrthoDB | EOG4DFPMS. |
| PhylomeDB | O94985. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | O94985. |
| Bgee | O94985. |
| CleanEx | HS_CLSTN1. |
| Genevestigator | O94985. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000171603. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR002126. Cadherin. IPR015919. Cadherin-like. IPR008985. ConA-like_lec_gl. IPR013320. ConA-like_subgrp. [Graphical view] |
| Gene3D | G3DSA:2.60.40.60. Cadherin. 2 hits. G3DSA:2.60.120.200. ConA_like_subgrp. 1 hit. |
| Pfam | PF00028. Cadherin. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| PRINTS | PR00205. CADHERIN. |
| SMART | SM00112. CA. 2 hits. [Graphical view] |
| SUPFAM | SSF49313. Cadherin. 2 hits. SSF49899. ConA_like_lec_gl. 1 hit. |
| PROSITE | PS00232. CADHERIN_1. False negative. PS50268. CADHERIN_2. 2 hits. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| NextBio | 43465. |
| PMAP-CutDB | O94985. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | CSTN1_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: O94985 Secondary accession number(s): A8K183 Q8N4K9 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
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| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 1 Human chromosome 1: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with