Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot O80397 (M2K4_ARATH)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4
      Short name=MAP kinase kinase 4
      Short name=AtMKK4
    EC=2.7.12.2

Gene names

Name:	MKK4
Ordered Locus Names:	At1g51660
ORF Names:	F19C24.26

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

3702 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › rosids › eurosids II › Brassicales › Brassicaceae › Arabidopsis

Protein attributes

Sequence length	366 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Involved in the second phase of hydrogen peroxide generation during hypersensitive response-like cell death. Involved in the innate immune MAP kinase signaling cascade (MEKK1, MKK4/MKK5 and MPK3/MPK6) downstream of bacterial flagellin receptor FLS2. Activates by phosphorylation the downstream MPK3 and MPK6. Ref.4 Ref.5
Catalytic activity	ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein.
Enzyme regulation	Activated through serine and threonine phosphorylation by MEKK1. Ref.5
Post-translational modification	Phosphorylated on Thr-224 and Ser-230, which activates the enzyme. Ref.5
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase kinase subfamily. Contains 1 protein kinase domain.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Hypersensitive response Plant defense
Ligand	ATP-binding Nucleotide-binding
Molecular function	Kinase Serine/threonine-protein kinase Transferase
PTM	Phosphoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	defense response, incompatible interaction Ref.5 Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: TAIR floral organ abscission Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: TAIR plant-type hypersensitive response Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW protein amino acid phosphorylation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Cellular component	cytoplasm Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR nucleus Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR
Molecular function	ATP binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW protein serine/threonine kinase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 366	366	Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4		PRO_0000245823
Regions
	Domain	79 – 334	256	Protein kinase
	Nucleotide binding	85 – 93	9	ATP By similarity
Sites
	Active site	196	1	Proton acceptor By similarity
	Binding site	108	1	ATP By similarity
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	224	1	Phosphothreonine Ref.5
	Modified residue	230	1	Phosphoserine Ref.5
Experimental info
	Mutagenesis	108	1	K → M: Loss of activity. Ref.4 Ref.5
	Mutagenesis	108	1	K → R: Loss of activity. Ref.4 Ref.5
	Mutagenesis	224	1	T → D: Constitutively active; when associated with D-230 or E-230. Ref.4 Ref.5
	Mutagenesis	230	1	S → D: Constitutively active; when associated with D-224. Ref.4 Ref.5
	Mutagenesis	230	1	S → E: Constitutively active; when associated with D-224. Ref.4 Ref.5

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	O80397-1 [UniParc]. Last modified November 1, 1998. Version 1. Checksum: 34C1CA3EEA19D07C	FASTA	366	40,117
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MRPIQSPPGV SVPVKSRPRR RPDLTLPLPQ RDVSLAVPLP LPPTSGGSGG SSGSAPSSGG 70 80 90 100 110 120 SASSTNTNSS IEAKNYSDLV RGNRIGSGAG GTVYKVIHRP SSRLYALKVI YGNHEETVRR 130 140 150 160 170 180 QICREIEILR DVNHPNVVKC HEMFDQNGEI QVLLEFMDKG SLEGAHVWKE QQLADLSRQI 190 200 210 220 230 240 LSGLAYLHSR HIVHRDIKPS NLLINSAKNV KIADFGVSRI LAQTMDPCNS SVGTIAYMSP 250 260 270 280 290 300 ERINTDLNQG KYDGYAGDIW SLGVSILEFY LGRFPFPVSR QGDWASLMCA ICMSQPPEAP 310 320 330 340 350 360 ATASPEFRHF ISCCLQREPG KRRSAMQLLQ HPFILRASPS QNRSPQNLHQ LLPPPRPLSS SSSPTT

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Molecular cloning and characterization of three cDNAs encoding putative mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (MAPKKs) in Arabidopsis thaliana." Ichimura K., Mizoguchi T., Hayashida N., Seki M., Shinozaki K. DNA Res. 5:341-348(1998) [PubMed: 10048483] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[2]	"Sequence and analysis of chromosome 1 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana." Theologis A., Ecker J.R., Palm C.J., Federspiel N.A., Kaul S., White O., Alonso J., Altafi H., Araujo R., Bowman C.L., Brooks S.Y., Buehler E., Chan A., Chao Q., Chen H., Cheuk R.F., Chin C.W., Chung M.K. , Conn L., Conway A.B., Conway A.R., Creasy T.H., Dewar K., Dunn P., Etgu P., Feldblyum T.V., Feng J.-D., Fong B., Fujii C.Y., Gill J.E., Goldsmith A.D., Haas B., Hansen N.F., Hughes B., Huizar L., Hunter J.L., Jenkins J., Johnson-Hopson C., Khan S., Khaykin E., Kim C.J., Koo H.L., Kremenetskaia I., Kurtz D.B., Kwan A., Lam B., Langin-Hooper S., Lee A., Lee J.M., Lenz C.A., Li J.H., Li Y.-P., Lin X., Liu S.X., Liu Z.A., Luros J.S., Maiti R., Marziali A., Militscher J., Miranda M., Nguyen M., Nierman W.C., Osborne B.I., Pai G., Peterson J., Pham P.K., Rizzo M., Rooney T., Rowley D., Sakano H., Salzberg S.L., Schwartz J.R., Shinn P., Southwick A.M., Sun H., Tallon L.J., Tambunga G., Toriumi M.J., Town C.D., Utterback T., Van Aken S., Vaysberg M., Vysotskaia V.S., Walker M., Wu D., Yu G., Fraser C.M., Venter J.C., Davis R.W. Nature 408:816-820(2000) [PubMed: 11130712] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[3]	"Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis genome." Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M., Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G., Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G. , Miranda M., Quach H.L., Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C., Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J., Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A., Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C., Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X., Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M., Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K., Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A., Ecker J.R. Science 302:842-846(2003) [PubMed: 14593172] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[4]	"Cell death mediated by MAPK is associated with hydrogen peroxide production in Arabidopsis." Ren D., Yang H., Zhang S. J. Biol. Chem. 277:559-565(2002) [PubMed: 11687590] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-108; THR-224 AND SER-230.
[5]	"MAP kinase signalling cascade in Arabidopsis innate immunity." Asai T., Tena G., Plotnikova J., Willmann M.R., Chiu W.-L., Gomez-Gomez L., Boller T., Ausubel F.M., Sheen J. Nature 415:977-983(2002) [PubMed: 11875555] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, ENZYME REGULATION, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-224 AND SER-230, MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-108; THR-224 AND SER-230.
[6]	"Mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades in plants: a new nomenclature." MAPK group Trends Plant Sci. 7:301-308(2002) [PubMed: 12119167] [Abstract] Cited for: NOMENCLATURE.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	AB015315 mRNA. Translation: BAA28830.1. AC025294 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAG50863.1. AF324667 mRNA. Translation: AAG40018.1. AF326878 mRNA. Translation: AAG41460.1. AF349517 mRNA. Translation: AAK15564.1. AF375398 mRNA. Translation: AAK52982.1. AY129469 mRNA. Translation: AAM91055.1.
IPI	IPI00525732.
PIR	T51339.
RefSeq	NP_175577.1.
UniGene	At.351
3D structure databases
HSSP	HSSP built from PDB template 1OIQ based on UniProtKB P24941.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	O80397. 2 interactions.
STRING	O80397.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	O80397.
Genome annotation databases
GeneID	841591.
GenomeReviews	Gene locus AT1G51660 in contig CT485782_GR.
KEGG	ath:AT1G51660.
NMPDR	fig|3702.1.peg.4640.
Organism-specific databases
GeneFarm	829. 89.
TAIR	At1g51660.
Phylogenomic databases
OMA	MAPERIC.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDA	2.7.12.2. 302.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	O80397.
Genevestigator	O80397.
GermOnline	AT1G51660. Arabidopsis thaliana.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR000719. Prot_kinase_core. IPR017441. Protein_kinase_ATP_BS. IPR017442. Se/Thr_pkinase-rel. IPR008271. Ser_thr_pkin_AS. IPR002290. Ser_thr_pkinase. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF00069. Pkinase. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProDom	PD000001. Prot_kinase. 1 hit. [Graphical view] [Entries sharing at least one domain]
SMART	SM00220. S_TKc. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS00107. PROTEIN_KINASE_ATP. 1 hit. PS50011. PROTEIN_KINASE_DOM. 1 hit. PS00108. PROTEIN_KINASE_ST. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

M2K4_ARATH

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: O80397

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 11, 2006
Last sequence update:	November 1, 1998
Last modified:	November 3, 2009
This is version 65 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

PPAP (Plant Proteome Annotation Project)