Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot O61643 (INHB_DROME)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Inhibin beta chain
Alternative name(s):
    Activin beta chain
      Short name=dActivin
      Short name=dAct

Gene names

Name:	Actbeta
Synonyms:	activin-beta
ORF Names:	CG11062

Organism

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

7227 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Arthropoda › Hexapoda › Insecta › Pterygota › Neoptera › Endopterygota › Diptera › Brachycera › Muscomorpha › Ephydroidea › Drosophilidae › Drosophila › Sophophora

Protein attributes

Sequence length	946 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Controls several aspects of neuronal morphogenesis; essential for optic lobe development, EcR-B1 expression in larval brains, mushroom body remodeling, dorsal neuron morphogenesis and motoneuron axon guidance. Ligands Actbeta and daw act redundantly through the Activin receptor Babo and its transcriptional mediator Smad2 (Smox), to regulate neuroblast numbers and proliferation rates in the developing larval brain. Ref.6 Ref.7
Subunit structure	Homodimer or heterodimer; disulfide-linked Potential.
Subcellular location	Secreted Potential.
Tissue specificity	Widely expressed in larval brains. Ref.6 Ref.7
Developmental stage	Expressed in embryonic, larval and adult stages. Ref.5
Disruption phenotype	Development of larvae with small brains and aberrant photoreceptor axon targeting. Ref.7
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the TGF-beta family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Secreted
Domain	Signal
Molecular function	Developmental protein Growth factor
PTM	Cleavage on pair of basic residues Disulfide bond Glycoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	cell growth Ref.5 Non-traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB dendrite morphogenesis Non-traceable author statement. Source: FlyBase
Cellular component	extracellular region Non-traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB
Molecular function	growth factor activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW transforming growth factor beta receptor binding Ref.5 Non-traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – ?		Potential
	Propeptide	? – 830		Potential		PRO_0000033742
	Chain	834 – 946	113	Inhibin beta chain		PRO_0000033743
Regions
	Compositional bias	21 – 50	30	Cys-rich
	Compositional bias	176 – 200	25	Arg-rich
Amino acid modifications
	Glycosylation	208	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	217	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	271	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	389	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	471	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	484	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	542	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	561	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	566	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	732	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	804	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Disulfide bond	837 ↔ 846		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	845 ↔ 912		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	874 ↔ 943		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	878 ↔ 945		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	911		Interchain By similarity
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	275	1	I → V in AAL51005. Ref.4
	Sequence conflict	517	1	I → T in AAL51005. Ref.4

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	O61643-1 [UniParc]. Last modified January 27, 2003. Version 2. Checksum: 7CECD6E73EAA306B	FASTA	946	108,792
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MRFAFDSNHS QSGAPFKGSR CFFNCQCICC RQGCCVVVVK CCCCFNLNCC NSLGSRKSFP 70 80 90 100 110 120 QPAAMRKKVA DLEVLRVSRF VAVILVLARW VTAVATLLTS CILLDIFSVP GQSGVADRSQ 130 140 150 160 170 180 ASSRTVHVSV PTTPNETPSS TSETKLKLLY GYTSYDINND QQVKSNNLCR VLCKSRNRKR 190 200 210 220 230 240 QRRRRRRRNH RRRRHRYTKR LHHLMQDNMS GFEQRLNFSD AKCQSLETNY GTNYDLVQGG 250 260 270 280 290 300 KLFSQSERSL LVSPLREIEA PWPAIHGSMR NCSKIKRNRA NLIWLLIGLV WFEVKLINCN 310 320 330 340 350 360 GISSSNYYAS NLESHKGCTL CHESGKPNIY TDKDNPHTDY NIYNKYHSNN NFNKKTNQPH 370 380 390 400 410 420 NNIAPSDEVR LESIKRQILT KLGLSHKPNV SHPLPKQFIW ETIYRVDGGR MIPNNAFGSS 430 440 450 460 470 480 GKNLDQKTIK LRAFASPGSH LFNGRGGRTD QRSERDPSHH KYRSPFDFTF NISKNNVYGK 490 500 510 520 530 540 VLRNRSLERI DKKNSFLNGW TENRQLKINS QIASMPIELK SHHNSSPKEL KSGAVRKVNG 550 560 570 580 590 600 INGTQMNENA LKKSTYPIDI NHSIDNKTHT GKNGEMSHND YEYFNDYSVQ THDKNRYHEG 610 620 630 640 650 660 RSSIGYQPAI HNIEYENQKG HHESFADDHE NIDHEDFFGN TQEIITFAEE GTQYRQYRIL 670 680 690 700 710 720 EFSAQNRRVP SQKLSIRSAQ IHIRIDKPHS LWIEKAKSLP EKHLLNTKRK WGANKPHHRI 730 740 750 760 770 780 KIWVFQLSTS INITEKGIDK AIIFRASFQV DPKNLGWQKF DLTDTIREWY GHTSHEKLRL 790 800 810 820 830 840 LIDCTGCGGR YSLHLFQTSK LRGNSSDYLS TNPNRPFLVL HTESSRTRRV RRRAVDCGGA 850 860 870 880 890 900 LNGQCCKESF YVSFKALGWD DWIIAPRGYF ANYCRGDCTG SFRTPDTFQT FHAHFIEEYR 910 920 930 940 KMGLMNGMRP CCAPIKFSSM SLIYYGDDGI IKRDLPKMVV DECGCP

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster." Adams M.D., Celniker S.E., Holt R.A., Evans C.A., Gocayne J.D., Amanatides P.G., Scherer S.E., Li P.W., Hoskins R.A., Galle R.F., George R.A., Lewis S.E., Richards S., Ashburner M., Henderson S.N., Sutton G.G., Wortman J.R., Yandell M.D. , Zhang Q., Chen L.X., Brandon R.C., Rogers Y.-H.C., Blazej R.G., Champe M., Pfeiffer B.D., Wan K.H., Doyle C., Baxter E.G., Helt G., Nelson C.R., Miklos G.L.G., Abril J.F., Agbayani A., An H.-J., Andrews-Pfannkoch C., Baldwin D., Ballew R.M., Basu A., Baxendale J., Bayraktaroglu L., Beasley E.M., Beeson K.Y., Benos P.V., Berman B.P., Bhandari D., Bolshakov S., Borkova D., Botchan M.R., Bouck J., Brokstein P., Brottier P., Burtis K.C., Busam D.A., Butler H., Cadieu E., Center A., Chandra I., Cherry J.M., Cawley S., Dahlke C., Davenport L.B., Davies P., de Pablos B., Delcher A., Deng Z., Mays A.D., Dew I., Dietz S.M., Dodson K., Doup L.E., Downes M., Dugan-Rocha S., Dunkov B.C., Dunn P., Durbin K.J., Evangelista C.C., Ferraz C., Ferriera S., Fleischmann W., Fosler C., Gabrielian A.E., Garg N.S., Gelbart W.M., Glasser K., Glodek A., Gong F., Gorrell J.H., Gu Z., Guan P., Harris M., Harris N.L., Harvey D.A., Heiman T.J., Hernandez J.R., Houck J., Hostin D., Houston K.A., Howland T.J., Wei M.-H., Ibegwam C., Jalali M., Kalush F., Karpen G.H., Ke Z., Kennison J.A., Ketchum K.A., Kimmel B.E., Kodira C.D., Kraft C.L., Kravitz S., Kulp D., Lai Z., Lasko P., Lei Y., Levitsky A.A., Li J.H., Li Z., Liang Y., Lin X., Liu X., Mattei B., McIntosh T.C., McLeod M.P., McPherson D., Merkulov G., Milshina N.V., Mobarry C., Morris J., Moshrefi A., Mount S.M., Moy M., Murphy B., Murphy L., Muzny D.M., Nelson D.L., Nelson D.R., Nelson K.A., Nixon K., Nusskern D.R., Pacleb J.M., Palazzolo M., Pittman G.S., Pan S., Pollard J., Puri V., Reese M.G., Reinert K., Remington K., Saunders R.D.C., Scheeler F., Shen H., Shue B.C., Siden-Kiamos I., Simpson M., Skupski M.P., Smith T.J., Spier E., Spradling A.C., Stapleton M., Strong R., Sun E., Svirskas R., Tector C., Turner R., Venter E., Wang A.H., Wang X., Wang Z.-Y., Wassarman D.A., Weinstock G.M., Weissenbach J., Williams S.M., Woodage T., Worley K.C., Wu D., Yang S., Yao Q.A., Ye J., Yeh R.-F., Zaveri J.S., Zhan M., Zhang G., Zhao Q., Zheng L., Zheng X.H., Zhong F.N., Zhong W., Zhou X., Zhu S.C., Zhu X., Smith H.O., Gibbs R.A., Myers E.W., Rubin G.M., Venter J.C. Science 287:2185-2195(2000) [PubMed: 10731132] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: Berkeley.
[2]	"Annotation of the Drosophila melanogaster euchromatic genome: a systematic review." Misra S., Crosby M.A., Mungall C.J., Matthews B.B., Campbell K.S., Hradecky P., Huang Y., Kaminker J.S., Millburn G.H., Prochnik S.E., Smith C.D., Tupy J.L., Whitfield E.J., Bayraktaroglu L., Berman B.P., Bettencourt B.R., Celniker S.E., de Grey A.D.N.J. , Drysdale R.A., Harris N.L., Richter J., Russo S., Schroeder A.J., Shu S.Q., Stapleton M., Yamada C., Ashburner M., Gelbart W.M., Rubin G.M., Lewis S.E. Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0083.1-RESEARCH0083.22(2002) [PubMed: 12537572] [Abstract] Cited for: GENOME REANNOTATION.
[3]	"A Drosophila full-length cDNA resource." Stapleton M., Carlson J.W., Brokstein P., Yu C., Champe M., George R.A., Guarin H., Kronmiller B., Pacleb J.M., Park S., Wan K.H., Rubin G.M., Celniker S.E. Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0080.1-RESEARCH0080.8(2002) [PubMed: 12537569] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: Berkeley. Tissue: Embryo.
[4]	"Isolation of Drosophila activin and follistatin cDNAs using novel MACH amplification protocols." Haerry T.E., O'Connor M.B. Gene 291:85-93(2002) [PubMed: 12095682] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 209-946. Tissue: Embryo.
[5]	"Identification of a new member of transforming growth factor-beta superfamily in Drosophila: the first invertebrate activin gene." Kutty G., Kutty R.K., Samuel W., Duncan T., Jaworski C., Wiggert B. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 246:644-649(1998) [PubMed: 9618266] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 574-946, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
[6]	"TGF-beta signaling activates steroid hormone receptor expression during neuronal remodeling in the Drosophila brain." Zheng X., Wang J., Haerry T.E., Wu A.Y.-H., Martin J., O'Connor M.B., Lee C.-H.J., Lee T. Cell 112:303-315(2003) [PubMed: 12581521] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[7]	"Drosophila Activin- and the Activin-like product Dawdle function redundantly to regulate proliferation in the larval brain." Zhu C.C., Boone J.Q., Jensen P.A., Hanna S., Podemski L., Locke J., Doe C.Q., O'Connor M.B. Development 135:513-521(2008) [PubMed: 18171686] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	AE014135 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF59386.3. AY121686 mRNA. Translation: AAM52013.1. AF454392 mRNA. Translation: AAL51005.1. AF054822 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAC39083.1.
RefSeq	NP_651942.2.
UniGene	Dm.5732
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	O61643.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	FBtr0089209; FBpp0088273; FBgn0024913; Drosophila melanogaster. [Genome view]
GeneID	43826.
KEGG	dme:Dmel_CG11062.
NMPDR	fig|7227.3.peg.12858.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	43826.
FlyBase	FBgn0024913. Actbeta.
Phylogenomic databases
OMA	INITEKG
OrthoDB	EOG9K9BJR
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyc	DMEL-XXX-02:DMEL-XXX-02-018080-MON.
Gene expression databases
GermOnline	CG11062. Drosophila melanogaster.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR002405. Inhibin_asu. IPR001839. TGFb. IPR017948. TGFb_CS. IPR015615. TGFbeta. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR11848. TGFbeta. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00019. TGF_beta. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR00669. INHIBINA.
SMART	SM00204. TGFB. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS00250. TGF_BETA_1. 1 hit. PS51362. TGF_BETA_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other Resources
NextBio	836090.

Entry information

Entry name

INHB_DROME

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: O61643
Secondary accession number(s): Q8MRB1, Q8WR60, Q9V497

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	January 27, 2003
Last sequence update:	January 27, 2003
Last modified:	November 24, 2009
This is version 78 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

Drosophila annotation project