Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot O60909 (B4GT2_HUMAN)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 2
      Short name=Beta-1,4-GalTase 2
      Short name=Beta4Gal-T2
      Short name=b4Gal-T2
    EC=2.4.1.-
Alternative name(s):
    UDP-galactose:beta-N-acetylglucosamine beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 2
    UDP-Gal:beta-GlcNAc beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 2
Including the following 4 domains:
    1- Recommended name:
            Lactose synthase A protein
              EC=2.4.1.22
    2- Recommended name:
            N-acetyllactosamine synthase
              EC=2.4.1.90
        Alternative name(s):
            Nal synthetase
    3- Recommended name:
            Beta-N-acetylglucosaminylglycopeptide beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase
              EC=2.4.1.38
    4- Recommended name:
            Beta-N-acetylglucosaminyl-glycolipid beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase
              EC=2.4.1.-

Gene names

Name:

B4GALT2

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	372 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Responsible for the synthesis of complex-type N-linked oligosaccharides in many glycoproteins as well as the carbohydrate moieties of glycolipids. Can produce lactose.
Catalytic activity	UDP-galactose + D-glucose = UDP + lactose. UDP-galactose + N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylglycopeptide = UDP + beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminylglycopeptide. UDP-galactose + N-acetyl-D-glucosamine = UDP + N-acetyllactosamine.
Cofactor	Manganese By similarity.
Pathway	Protein modification; protein glycosylation.
Subcellular location	Golgi apparatus › Golgi stack membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein. Note: Trans cisternae of Golgi stack.
Tissue specificity	Weakly expressed in various tissues. Highest expression in prostate, testis, ovary, intestine, muscle, and in fetal brain.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 7 family.
Biophysicochemical properties	Kinetic parameters: KM=71 µM for GlcNAc-B-S-pNP

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Golgi apparatus Membrane
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing Polymorphism
Domain	Signal-anchor Transmembrane
Ligand	Manganese Metal-binding
Molecular function	Glycosyltransferase Transferase
PTM	Disulfide bond Glycoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	carbohydrate metabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Cellular component	Golgi cisterna membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell integral to membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Molecular function	N-acetyllactosamine synthase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC beta-N-acetylglucosaminylglycopeptide beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC lactose synthase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC manganese ion binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Alternative products

This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform 1 (identifier: O60909-1)

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform 2 (identifier: O60909-2)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-118: Missing.
     119-119: E → MPSTQLLAAAAAAATAPGPTPPPLAPGSLRSPVPCPVPRLPRCHPVLTRHLVL

Note: No experimental confirmation available.

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 372	372	Beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 2		PRO_0000080533
Regions
	Topological domain	1 – 15	15	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	16 – 36	21	Signal-anchor for type II membrane protein Potential
	Topological domain	37 – 372	336	Lumenal Potential
Sites
	Metal binding	218	1	Manganese By similarity
	Metal binding	311	1	Manganese By similarity
Amino acid modifications
	Glycosylation	66	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	71	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	357	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Disulfide bond	97 ↔ 139		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	211 ↔ 230		By similarity
Natural variations
	Alternative sequence	1 – 118	118	Missing in isoform 2.		VSP_014103
	Alternative sequence	119	1	E → MPSTQLLAAAAAAATAPGPT PPPLAPGSLRSPVPCPVPRL PRCHPVLTRHLVL in isoform 2.		VSP_014104
	Natural variant	122	1	Q → H: dbSNP rs1859728. Ref.5		VAR_020487
	Natural variant	338	1	G → R: dbSNP rs35904809.		VAR_054021
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	100	1	S → TS Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	136	1	P → S in AAC39733. Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	177	1	G → C in AAC39733. Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	315 – 316	2	KH → ND in AAC39733. Ref.2

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform 1 [UniParc]. Last modified August 1, 1998. Version 1. Checksum: A6F7800251AA1E4F	FASTA	372	41,972
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MSRLLGGTLE RVCKAVLLLC LLHFLVAVIL YFDVYAQHLA FFSRFSARGP AHALHPAASS 70 80 90 100 110 120 SSSSSNCSRP NATASSSGLP EVPSALPGPT APTLPPCPDS PPGLVGRLLI EFTSPMPLER 130 140 150 160 170 180 VQRENPGVLM GGRYTPPDCT PAQTVAVIIP FRHREHHLRY WLHYLHPILR RQRLRYGVYV 190 200 210 220 230 240 INQHGEDTFN RAKLLNVGFL EALKEDAAYD CFIFSDVDLV PMDDRNLYRC GDQPRHFAIA 250 260 270 280 290 300 MDKFGFRLPY AGYFGGVSGL SKAQFLRING FPNEYWGWGG EDDDIFNRIS LTGMKISRPD 310 320 330 340 350 360 IRIGRYRMIK HDRDKHNEPN PQRFTKIQNT KLTMKRDGIG SVRYQVLEVS RQPLFTNITV 370 DIGRPPSWPP RG
	Isoform 2. Checksum: A483868104528A2B	FASTA	306	34,883
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MPSTQLLAAA AAAATAPGPT PPPLAPGSLR SPVPCPVPRL PRCHPVLTRH LVLRVQRENP 70 80 90 100 110 120 GVLMGGRYTP PDCTPAQTVA VIIPFRHREH HLRYWLHYLH PILRRQRLRY GVYVINQHGE 130 140 150 160 170 180 DTFNRAKLLN VGFLEALKED AAYDCFIFSD VDLVPMDDRN LYRCGDQPRH FAIAMDKFGF 190 200 210 220 230 240 RLPYAGYFGG VSGLSKAQFL RINGFPNEYW GWGGEDDDIF NRISLTGMKI SRPDIRIGRY 250 260 270 280 290 300 RMIKHDRDKH NEPNPQRFTK IQNTKLTMKR DGIGSVRYQV LEVSRQPLFT NITVDIGRPP SWPPRG

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"A family of human beta4-galactosyltransferases. Cloning and expression of two novel UDP-galactose:beta-n-acetylglucosamine beta1, 4-galactosyltransferases, beta4Gal-T2 and beta4Gal-T3." Almeida R., Amado M., David L., Levery S.B., Holmes E.H., Merkx G., van Kessel A.G., Rygaard E., Hassan H., Bennett E., Clausen H. J. Biol. Chem. 272:31979-31991(1997) [PubMed: 9405390] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
[2]	"The expanding beta 4-galactosyltransferase gene family: messages from the databanks." Lo N.-W., Shaper J.H., Pevsner J., Shaper N.L. Glycobiology 8:517-526(1998) [PubMed: 9597550] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
[3]	"Galactosylation of N-linked oligosaccharides by human beta-1,4-galactosyltransferases I, II, III, IV, V, and VI expressed in Sf-9 cells." Guo S., Sato T., Shirane K., Furukawa K. Glycobiology 11:813-820(2001) [PubMed: 11588157] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES. Tissue: Erythroleukemia.
[4]	"The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1." Gregory S.G., Barlow K.F., McLay K.E., Kaul R., Swarbreck D., Dunham A., Scott C.E., Howe K.L., Woodfine K., Spencer C.C.A., Jones M.C., Gillson C., Searle S., Zhou Y., Kokocinski F., McDonald L., Evans R., Phillips K. , Atkinson A., Cooper R., Jones C., Hall R.E., Andrews T.D., Lloyd C., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Ambrose K.D., Anderson F., Andrew R.W., Ashwell R.I.S., Aubin K., Babbage A.K., Bagguley C.L., Bailey J., Beasley H., Bethel G., Bird C.P., Bray-Allen S., Brown J.Y., Brown A.J., Buckley D., Burton J., Bye J., Carder C., Chapman J.C., Clark S.Y., Clarke G., Clee C., Cobley V., Collier R.E., Corby N., Coville G.J., Davies J., Deadman R., Dunn M., Earthrowl M., Ellington A.G., Errington H., Frankish A., Frankland J., French L., Garner P., Garnett J., Gay L., Ghori M.R.J., Gibson R., Gilby L.M., Gillett W., Glithero R.J., Grafham D.V., Griffiths C., Griffiths-Jones S., Grocock R., Hammond S., Harrison E.S.I., Hart E., Haugen E., Heath P.D., Holmes S., Holt K., Howden P.J., Hunt A.R., Hunt S.E., Hunter G., Isherwood J., James R., Johnson C., Johnson D., Joy A., Kay M., Kershaw J.K., Kibukawa M., Kimberley A.M., King A., Knights A.J., Lad H., Laird G., Lawlor S., Leongamornlert D.A., Lloyd D.M., Loveland J., Lovell J., Lush M.J., Lyne R., Martin S., Mashreghi-Mohammadi M., Matthews L., Matthews N.S.W., McLaren S., Milne S., Mistry S., Moore M.J.F., Nickerson T., O'Dell C.N., Oliver K., Palmeiri A., Palmer S.A., Parker A., Patel D., Pearce A.V., Peck A.I., Pelan S., Phelps K., Phillimore B.J., Plumb R., Rajan J., Raymond C., Rouse G., Saenphimmachak C., Sehra H.K., Sheridan E., Shownkeen R., Sims S., Skuce C.D., Smith M., Steward C., Subramanian S., Sycamore N., Tracey A., Tromans A., Van Helmond Z., Wall M., Wallis J.M., White S., Whitehead S.L., Wilkinson J.E., Willey D.L., Williams H., Wilming L., Wray P.W., Wu Z., Coulson A., Vaudin M., Sulston J.E., Durbin R.M., Hubbard T., Wooster R., Dunham I., Carter N.P., McVean G., Ross M.T., Harrow J., Olson M.V., Beck S., Rogers J., Bentley D.R. Nature 441:315-321(2006) [PubMed: 16710414] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[5]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANT HIS-122. Tissue: Chondrosarcoma.
[6]	"The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA consortium." Bechtel S., Rosenfelder H., Duda A., Schmidt C.P., Ernst U., Wellenreuther R., Mehrle A., Schuster C., Bahr A., Blocker H., Heubner D., Hoerlein A., Michel G., Wedler H., Kohrer K., Ottenwalder B., Poustka A., Wiemann S., Schupp I. BMC Genomics 8:399-399(2007) [PubMed: 17974005] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 149-372 (ISOFORMS 1/2). Tissue: Uterus.
[7]	"Identification and characterization of large galactosyltransferase gene families: galactosyltransferases for all functions." Amado M., Almeida R., Schwientek T., Clausen H. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1473:35-53(1999) [PubMed: 10580128] [Abstract] Cited for: REVIEW.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Web resources

GGDB

GlycoGene database

Functional Glycomics Gateway - GTase

Beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 2

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	Y12510 mRNA. Translation: CAA73112.1. AF038660 mRNA. Translation: AAC39733.1. AB024434 mRNA. Translation: BAA75819.1. AL139220, AL357079 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI19431.1. AL139220, AL357079 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI19432.1. AL357079, AL139220 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI16802.1. AL357079, AL139220 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI16803.1. BC096821 mRNA. Translation: AAH96821.1. AL137647 mRNA. Translation: CAB70857.1.
IPI	IPI00033031. IPI00386793.
PIR	T46511.
RefSeq	NP_001005417.1. NP_003771.1.
UniGene	Hs.632403
3D structure databases
HSSP	HSSP built from PDB template 1NMM based on UniProtKB P08037.
ModBase	Search...
Protein family/group databases
CAZy	GT7. Glycosyltransferase Family 7.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	O60909.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSG00000117411. Homo sapiens. [Contig view]
GeneID	8704.
KEGG	hsa:8704.
UCSC	uc001clg.1. human. uc001clh.1. human.
Organism-specific databases
GeneCards	GC01P044217.
H-InvDB	HIX0000514.
HGNC	HGNC:925. B4GALT2.
MIM	604013. gene.
PharmGKB	PA25224.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
HOVERGEN	O60909.
OMA	O60909. YVINQHG.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDA	2.4.1.22. 247. 2.4.1.38. 247. 2.4.1.90. 247.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	O60909.
Bgee	O60909.
CleanEx	HS_B4GALT2.
GermOnline	ENSG00000117411. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR003859. Galactosyl_T_2. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR19300. Galactosyl_T_2. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF02709. Galactosyl_T_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other Resources
DrugBank	DB00141. N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine.
NextBio	32635.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

B4GT2_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: O60909
Secondary accession number(s): O60511 , Q4V9L9, Q5T4X5, Q5T4Y5, Q9BUP6, Q9NSY7

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	February 21, 2001
Last sequence update:	August 1, 1998
Last modified:	July 7, 2009
This is version 79 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

HPI (Human Proteome Initiative)