Reviewed,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot O60840 (CAC1F_HUMAN)
Last modified
November 3, 2009.
Version 98.
History...
Clusters with 100%,
90%,
50% identity |
Documents (6) |
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Names and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F Alternative name(s): Voltage-gated calcium channel subunit alpha Cav1.4 | ||||
| Gene names |
| ||||
| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Complete proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 1977 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Sequence processing | The displayed sequence is not processed. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level. |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Voltage-sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) mediate the entry of calcium ions into excitable cells and are also involved in a variety of calcium-dependent processes, including muscle contraction, hormone or neurotransmitter release, gene expression, cell motility, cell division and cell death. The isoform alpha-1F gives rise to L-type calcium currents. Long-lasting (L-type) calcium channels belong to the 'high-voltage activated' (HVA) group. They are blocked by dihydropyridines (DHP), phenylalkylamines, benzothiazepines, and by omega-agatoxin-IIIA (omega-Aga-IIIA). They are however insensitive to omega-conotoxin-GVIA (omega-CTx-GVIA) and omega-agatoxin-IVA (omega-Aga-IVA). |
| Subunit structure | Voltage-dependent calcium channels are multisubunit complexes, consisting of alpha-1, alpha-2, beta and delta subunits in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. The channel activity is directed by the pore-forming and voltage-sensitive alpha-1 subunit. In many cases, this subunit is sufficient to generate voltage-sensitive calcium channel activity. The auxiliary subunits beta and alpha-2/delta linked by a disulfide bridge regulate the channel activity. Interacts (via IQ domain) with CABP4; in a calcium independent manner By similarity. |
| Subcellular location | |
| Tissue specificity | Expression in skeletal muscle and retina. Ref.2 |
| Domain | Each of the four internal repeats contains five hydrophobic transmembrane segments (S1, S2, S3, S5, S6) and one positively charged transmembrane segment (S4). S4 segments probably represent the voltage-sensor and are characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position. |
| Involvement in disease | Defects in CACNA1F are the cause of congenital stationary night blindness type 2A (CSNB2A) [MIM:300071]. Congenital stationary night blindness is a non-progressive retinal disorder characterized by impaired night vision. Ref.1 Ref.5 Ref.6 Ref.7 Ref.8 Defects in CACNA1F are the cause of cone-rod dystrophy X-linked type 3 (CORDX3) [MIM:300476]. CORDs are inherited retinal dystrophies belonging to the group of pigmentary retinopathies. CORDs are characterized by retinal pigment deposits visible on fundus examination, predominantly in the macular region, and initial loss of cone photoreceptors followed by rod degeneration. This leads to decreased visual acuity and sensitivity in the central visual field, followed by loss of peripheral vision. Severe loss of vision occurs earlier than in retinitis pigmentosa. Ref.10 Defects in CACNA1F are the cause of Aaland island eye disease (AIED) [MIM:300600]; also known as Forsius-Eriksson type ocular albinism. On the Aaland island in the Baltic Sea, AIED is an X-linked recessive retinal disease characterized by a combination of fundus hypopigmentation, decreased visual acuity due to foveal hypoplasia, nystagmus, astigmatism, protan color vision defect, myopia, and defective dark adaptation. Except for progression of axial myopia, the disease can be considered to be a stationary condition. Electroretinography reveals abnormalities in both photopic and scotopic functions. Ref.11 |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the calcium channel alpha-1 subunit (TC 1.A.1.11) family. [View classification] |
| Sequence caution | The sequence AAB92359.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous gene model prediction. |
Ontologies
Alternative products
| This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: O60840-1) This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: O60840-2) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 427-437: Missing. |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 1977 | 1977 | Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F | PRO_0000053950 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Topological domain | 1 – 92 | 92 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 93 – 111 | 19 | S1 of repeat I Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 112 – 129 | 18 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 130 – 149 | 20 | S2 of repeat I Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 150 – 161 | 12 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 162 – 180 | 19 | S3 of repeat I Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 181 – 201 | 21 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 202 – 220 | 19 | S4 of repeat I Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 221 – 239 | 19 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 240 – 259 | 20 | S5 of repeat I Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 260 – 347 | 88 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 348 – 372 | 25 | S6 of repeat I Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 373 – 529 | 157 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 530 – 549 | 20 | S1 of repeat II Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 550 – 564 | 15 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 565 – 583 | 19 | S2 of repeat II Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 584 – 591 | 8 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 592 – 610 | 19 | S3 of repeat II Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 611 – 620 | 10 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 621 – 639 | 19 | S4 of repeat II Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 640 – 658 | 19 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 659 – 679 | 21 | S5 of repeat II Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 680 – 733 | 54 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 734 – 758 | 25 | S6 of repeat II Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 759 – 871 | 113 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 872 – 890 | 19 | S1 of repeat III Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 891 – 906 | 16 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 907 – 926 | 20 | S2 of repeat III Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 927 – 938 | 12 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 939 – 957 | 19 | S3 of repeat III Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 958 – 963 | 6 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 964 – 983 | 20 | S4 of repeat III Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 984 – 1002 | 19 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 1003 – 1022 | 20 | S5 of repeat III Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 1023 – 1112 | 90 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 1113 – 1133 | 21 | S6 of repeat III Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 1134 – 1190 | 57 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 1191 – 1209 | 19 | S1 of repeat IV Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 1210 – 1224 | 15 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 1225 – 1244 | 20 | S2 of repeat IV Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 1245 – 1251 | 7 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 1252 – 1273 | 22 | S3 of repeat IV Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 1274 – 1290 | 17 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 1291 – 1310 | 20 | S4 of repeat IV Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 1311 – 1329 | 19 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 1330 – 1349 | 20 | S5 of repeat IV Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 1350 – 1416 | 67 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 1417 – 1441 | 25 | S6 of repeat IV Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 1442 – 1977 | 536 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
| Repeat | 79 – 375 | 297 | I | ||||||
| Repeat | 515 – 761 | 247 | II | ||||||
| Repeat | 858 – 1140 | 283 | III | ||||||
| Repeat | 1177 – 1444 | 268 | IV | ||||||
| Calcium binding | 1470 – 1481 | 12 | By similarity | ||||||
| Region | 395 – 412 | 18 | Binding to the beta subunit By similarity | ||||||
| Region | 1060 – 1150 | 91 | Dihydropyridine binding By similarity | ||||||
| Region | 1397 – 1463 | 67 | Dihydropyridine binding By similarity | ||||||
| Region | 1409 – 1452 | 44 | Phenylalkylamine binding By similarity | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 659 – 665 | 7 | Poly-Leu | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 794 – 799 | 6 | Poly-Glu | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 809 – 825 | 17 | Poly-Glu | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 1121 – 1124 | 4 | Poly-Ile | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 1640 – 1645 | 6 | Poly-Glu | ||||||
Sites | |||||||||
| Site | 330 | 1 | Calcium ion selectivity and permeability By similarity | ||||||
| Site | 711 | 1 | Calcium ion selectivity and permeability By similarity | ||||||
| Site | 1086 | 1 | Calcium ion selectivity and permeability By similarity | ||||||
| Site | 1383 | 1 | Calcium ion selectivity and permeability By similarity | ||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Modified residue | 1452 | 1 | Phosphoserine; by PKA Potential | ||||||
| Glycosylation | 295 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 427 – 437 | 11 | Missing in isoform 2. | VSP_036785 | |||||
| Natural variant | 14 | 1 | P → L: dbSNP rs6520408. | VAR_030807 | |||||
| Natural variant | 74 | 1 | C → R in CSNB2A. Ref.6 | VAR_030808 | |||||
| Natural variant | 150 | 1 | G → R in CSNB2A. Ref.7 | VAR_030809 | |||||
| Natural variant | 229 | 1 | S → P in CSNB2A. Ref.6 | VAR_030810 | |||||
| Natural variant | 261 | 1 | G → R in CSNB2A. Ref.6 | VAR_030811 | |||||
| Natural variant | 369 | 1 | G → D in CSNB2A. Ref.1 Ref.5 Ref.6 | VAR_001504 | |||||
| Natural variant | 519 | 1 | R → Q in CSNB2A. dbSNP rs34162630. Ref.1 | VAR_001505 | |||||
| Natural variant | 635 | 1 | V → I in CSNB2A. Ref.7 | VAR_030812 | |||||
| Natural variant | 674 | 1 | G → D in CSNB2A. Ref.5 | VAR_030813 | |||||
| Natural variant | 746 | 1 | N → T | VAR_029376 | |||||
| Natural variant | 753 | 1 | F → C in CSNB2A. Ref.6 | VAR_030814 | |||||
| Natural variant | 756 | 1 | I → T in CSNB2A; increases the number of mutant channels open at physiologic membrane potential and allows for persistent Ca(2+) entry due to reduced channel inactivation resulting in a gain-of-function defect. Ref.8 | VAR_030815 | |||||
| Natural variant | 860 | 1 | L → P in CSNB2A. Ref.6 | VAR_030816 | |||||
| Natural variant | 928 | 1 | A → D in CSNB2A. Ref.5 | VAR_030817 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1018 | 1 | G → R in CSNB2A. Ref.6 | VAR_030818 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1060 | 1 | R → W in CSNB2A. Ref.1 Ref.6 | VAR_001506 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1079 | 1 | L → P in CSNB2A. Ref.6 | VAR_030819 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1259 | 1 | A → T: dbSNP rs34308720. | VAR_055662 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1270 | 1 | A → T: dbSNP rs34308720. | VAR_031822 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1375 | 1 | L → H in CSNB2A. Ref.1 | VAR_001507 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1499 | 1 | C → R in CSNB2A. Ref.6 | VAR_030820 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1500 | 1 | P → R in CSNB2A. Ref.6 | VAR_030821 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1508 | 1 | L → P in CSNB2A. Ref.6 | VAR_030822 | |||||
| Natural variant | 1930 | 1 | R → H: dbSNP rs33910054. | VAR_054818 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 1236 | 1 | E → V in AAB92359. Ref.4 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 1860 | 1 | A → G in AAB92359. Ref.4 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "An L-type calcium-channel gene mutated in incomplete X-linked congenital stationary night blindness." Strom T.M., Nyakatura G., Apfelstedt-Sylla E., Hellebrand H., Lorenz B., Weber B.H.F., Wutz K., Gutwillinger N., Ruether K., Drescher B., Sauer C., Zrenner E., Meitinger T., Rosenthal A., Meindl A. Nat. Genet. 19:260-263(1998) [PubMed: 9662399] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA] (ISOFORM 2), VARIANTS CSNB2A ASP-369; GLN-519; TRP-1060 AND HIS-1375. Tissue: Retina. |
| [2] | "Isolation and characterization of a calcium channel gene, cacna1f, the murine orthologue of the gene for incomplete X-linked congenital stationary night blindness." Naylor M.J., Rancourt D.E., Bech-Hansen N.T. Genomics 66:324-327(2000) [PubMed: 10873387] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [3] | "The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome." Ross M.T., Grafham D.V., Coffey A.J., Scherer S., McLay K., Muzny D., Platzer M., Howell G.R., Burrows C., Bird C.P., Frankish A., Lovell F.L., Howe K.L., Ashurst J.L., Fulton R.S., Sudbrak R., Wen G., Jones M.C. Bentley D.R.Nature 434:325-337(2005) [PubMed: 15772651] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [4] | "Sequence-based exon prediction around the synaptophysin locus reveals a gene-rich area containing novel genes in human proximal Xp." Fisher S.E., Ciccodicola A., Tanaka K., Curci A., Desicato S., D'Urso M., Craig I.W. Genomics 45:340-347(1997) [PubMed: 9344658] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1211-1977. |
| [5] | "A summary of 20 CACNA1F mutations identified in 36 families with incomplete X-linked congenital stationary night blindness, and characterization of splice variants." Boycott K.M., Maybaum T.A., Naylor M.J., Weleber R.G., Robitaille J., Miyake Y., Bergen A.A.B., Pierpont M.E., Pearce W.G., Bech-Hansen N.T. Hum. Genet. 108:91-97(2001) [PubMed: 11281458] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS CSNB2A ASP-369; ASP-674 AND ASP-928. |
| [6] | "Thirty distinct CACNA1F mutations in 33 families with incomplete type of XLCSNB and Cacna1f expression profiling in mouse retina." Wutz K., Sauer C., Zrenner E., Lorenz B., Alitalo T., Broghammer M., Hergersberg M., de la Chapelle A., Weber B.H.F., Wissinger B., Meindl A., Pusch C.M. Eur. J. Hum. Genet. 10:449-456(2002) [PubMed: 12111638] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS CSNB2A ARG-74; PRO-229; ARG-261; ASP-369; CYS-753; PRO-860; ARG-1018; TRP-1060; PRO-1079; ARG-1499; ARG-1500 AND PRO-1508. |
| [7] | "Infantile and childhood retinal blindness: a molecular perspective (The Franceschetti Lecture)." Weleber R.G. Ophthalmic Genet. 23:71-97(2002) [PubMed: 12187427] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS CSNB2A ARG-150 AND ILE-635. |
| [8] | "A CACNA1F mutation identified in an X-linked retinal disorder shifts the voltage dependence of Cav1.4 channel activation." Hemara-Wahanui A., Berjukow S., Hope C.I., Dearden P.K., Wu S.-B., Wilson-Wheeler J., Sharp D.M., Lundon-Treweek P., Clover G.M., Hoda J.-C., Striessnig J., Marksteiner R., Hering S., Maw M.A. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102:7553-7558(2005) [PubMed: 15897456] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT CSNB2A THR-756, CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANT CSNB2A THR-756. |
| [9] | "Mutations in CABP4, the gene encoding the Ca2+-binding protein 4, cause autosomal recessive night blindness." Zeitz C., Kloeckener-Gruissem B., Forster U., Kohl S., Magyar I., Wissinger B., Matyas G., Borruat F.-X., Schorderet D.F., Zrenner E., Munier F.L., Berger W. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 79:657-667(2006) [PubMed: 16960802] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT THR-746. |
| [10] | "X linked cone-rod dystrophy, CORDX3, is caused by a mutation in the CACNA1F gene." Jalkanen R., Maentyjaervi M., Tobias R., Isosomppi J., Sankila E.-M., Alitalo T., Bech-Hansen N.T. J. Med. Genet. 43:699-704(2006) [PubMed: 16505158] [Abstract] Cited for: INVOLVEMENT IN CORDX3. |
| [11] | "A novel CACNA1F gene mutation causes Aland Island eye disease." Jalkanen R., Bech-Hansen N.T., Tobias R., Sankila E.-M., Maentyjaervi M., Forsius H., de la Chapelle A., Alitalo T. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 48:2498-2502(2007) [PubMed: 17525176] [Abstract] Cited for: INVOLVEMENT IN AIED. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| AJ006216 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA06916.1. AJ224874 mRNA. Translation: CAA12175.1. AF201304 mRNA. Translation: AAF15290.1. AF196779 Genomic DNA. No translation available. AF235097 Genomic DNA. No translation available. U93305 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB92359.1. Sequence problems. | |
| IPI | IPI00465135. IPI00925706. |
| RefSeq | NP_005174.2. |
| UniGene | Hs.632799 |
3D structure databases | |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| IntAct | O60840. 1 interaction. |
| STRING | O60840. |
Protein family/group databases | |
| TCDB | 1.A.1.11.11. voltage-gated ion channel (VIC) superfamily. 1.A.1.11.15. voltage-gated ion channel (VIC) superfamily. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PRIDE | O60840. |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000323022; ENSP00000321618; ENSG00000102001; Homo sapiens. [Genome view] ENST00000376251; ENSP00000365427; ENSG00000102001; Homo sapiens. [Genome view] ENST00000376265; ENSP00000365441; ENSG00000102001; Homo sapiens. [Genome view] |
| GeneID | 778. |
| KEGG | hsa:778. |
| UCSC | uc004dnb.1. human. uc010nip.1. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 778. |
| GeneCards | GC0XM048948. |
| HGNC | HGNC:1393. CACNA1F. |
| MIM | 300071. phenotype. 300110. gene. 300476. phenotype. 300600. phenotype. |
| Orphanet | 178333. Aland Island eye disease. 1872. Cone rod dystrophy. 215. Night blindness, stationary, congenital. |
| PharmGKB | PA26010. |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| HOVERGEN | O60840. |
| OMA | ETTLVEV. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | O60840. |
| Bgee | O60840. |
| CleanEx | HS_CACNA1F. |
| Genevestigator | O60840. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000102001. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR005821. Ion_trans. IPR014873. VDCC_a1su_IQ. IPR005446. VDCC_L_a1su. IPR002077. VDCCAlpha1. [Graphical view] |
| Pfam | PF08763. Ca_chan_IQ. 1 hit. PF00520. Ion_trans. 4 hits. [Graphical view] |
| PRINTS | PR00167. CACHANNEL. PR01630. LVDCCALPHA1. |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other Resources | |
| DrugBank | DB00661. Verapamil. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | CAC1F_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: O60840 Secondary accession number(s): A6NI29, O43901, Q9UHB1 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
| ||||||||
| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation project | HPI (Human Proteome Initiative) | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome X Human chromosome X: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |
| Recent format changes Overview of recent format changes |

Clusters with


