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Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot O60341 (KDM1_HUMAN)

Last modified June 16, 2009. Version 88. Feed History...

Clusters with 100%, 90%, 50% identity | Documents (4) | Third-party data | Customize display text xml rdf/xml gff fasta
Names and origin · Protein attributes · General annotation (Comments) · Ontologies · Binary interactions · Alternative products · Sequence annotation (Features) · Sequences · References · Cross-references · Entry information · Relevant documents

Names and origin

Protein namesRecommended name:
    Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1
    EC=1.-.-.-
Alternative name(s):
    Flavin-containing amine oxidase domain-containing protein 2
    BRAF35-HDAC complex protein BHC110
Gene names
Name: KDM1
Synonyms: AOF2, KIAA0601, LSD1
OrganismHomo sapiens (Human)
Taxonomic identifier9606 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageEukaryotaMetazoaChordataCraniataVertebrataEuteleostomiMammaliaEutheriaEuarchontogliresPrimatesHaplorrhiniCatarrhiniHominidaeHomo

Protein attributes

Sequence length852 AA.
Sequence statusComplete.
Sequence processingThe displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existenceEvidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function

Histone demethylase that demethylates 'Lys-4' of histone H3, a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation, thereby acting as a corepressor. Acts by oxidizing the substrate by FAD to generate the corresponding imine that is subsequently hydrolyzed. Demethylates both mono- and di-methylated 'Lys-4' of histone H3. May play a role in the repression of neuronal genes. Alone, it is unable to demethylate H3 'Lys-4' on nucleosomes and requires the presence of RCOR1/CoREST to achieve such activity. May also demethylate 'Lys-9' of histone H3, a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression, thereby leading to derepression of androgen receptor target genes. Demethylates di-methylated 'Lys-370' of p53/TP53 which prevents interaction of p53/TP53 with TP53BP1 and represses p53/TP53-mediated transcriptional activation. Demethylates and stabilizes the DNA methylase DNMT1. Required for gastrulation during embryogenesis.

Cofactor

FAD. Ref.8 Ref.9

Subunit structure

Component of a BHC histone deacetylase complex that contains HDAC1, HDAC2, HMG20B/BRAF35, KDM1, RCOR1/CoREST and PHF21A/BHC80. The BHC complex may also contain ZMYM2, ZNF217, ZMYM3, GSE1 and GTF2I. In the complex, RCOR1/CoREST strongly enhances the demethylase activity and protects it from the proteasome while PHF21A/BHC80 inhibits the demethylase activity. Interacts with the androgen receptor (AR). Ref.5 Ref.12 Ref.6 Ref.7 Ref.10 Ref.11

Subcellular location

Nucleus. Ref.12 Ref.6

Tissue specificity

Ubiquitously expressed. Ref.12

Domain

The SWIRN domain may act as an anchor site for a histone tail. Ref.22

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the flavin monoamine oxidase family.

Contains 1 SWIRM domain.

biophysicochemical properties

Kinetic parameters:

KM=3.0 µM for H3 monomethyl-K4

KM=4.2 µM for H3 dimethyl-K4

KM=3.9 µM for H3 monomethyl-K4-monomethyl-K9

KM=17.5 µM for monomethyl-K4-acetyl-K9

Binary interactions

With

Entry

#Exp.

IntAct

Notes

HIST3H3Q166951EBI-710124,EBI-358900
IMMTQ168911EBI-710124,EBI-473801

Alternative products

This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]
Isoform 1 (identifier: O60341-1)

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.
Isoform 2 (identifier: O60341-2)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     173-173: G → GQAGGLQDDSSGGYGDGQASG
     369-369: A → ADTVK
Note: No experimental confirmation available.

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature keyPosition(s)LengthDescriptionGraphical viewFeature identifier

Molecule processing

Chain1 – 852852Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1
PRO_0000099881

Regions

Domain174 – 273100SWIRM
Nucleotide binding281 – 30929FAD Potential
Nucleotide binding332 – 3332FAD
Nucleotide binding810 – 8112FAD
Region300 – 852553Demethylase activity
Coiled coil110 – 15142 Potential
Coiled coil428 – 51487 Potential
Compositional bias7 – 4236Ala-rich
Compositional bias152 – 1565Poly-Pro

Sites

Binding site2891FAD
Binding site3081FAD
Binding site3101FAD
Binding site3161FAD
Binding site8011FAD

Amino acid modifications

Modified residue801Phosphoserine Ref.18
Modified residue1041Phosphothreonine Ref.18
Modified residue1261Phosphoserine Ref.18
Modified residue1311Phosphoserine Ref.18 Ref.17
Modified residue1371Phosphoserine Ref.18 Ref.17
Modified residue1661Phosphoserine Ref.18 Ref.14 Ref.16
Modified residue8491Phosphoserine Ref.18

Natural variations

Alternative sequence1731G → GQAGGLQDDSSGGYGDGQAS G in isoform 2.
VSP_011198
Alternative sequence3691A → ADTVK in isoform 2.
VSP_011199

Experimental info

Mutagenesis5351N → A: Strongly reduces demethylase activity. Ref.21
Mutagenesis5641H → A: Strongly reduces demethylase activity. Ref.21
Mutagenesis6611K → A: Abolishes histone demethylase activity. Ref.11
Mutagenesis7611Y → A: Strongly reduces demethylase activity. Ref.21
Sequence conflict781P → Q in AAH40194. Ref.3
Sequence conflict4051P → H in AAH48134. Ref.3
Sequence conflict6691V → A in CAD38675. Ref.4
Sequence conflict8141A → V in AAH16639. Ref.3

Secondary structure

................................................................................................. 852
Helix Strand Turn

Details...

Sequences

Sequence LengthMass (Da)Tools
Isoform 1 [UniParc].

Last modified August 16, 2004. Version 2.
Checksum: A61CEDE51E4E0C1D

FASTA85292,903
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MLSGKKAAAA AAAAAAAATG TEAGPGTAGG SENGSEVAAQ PAGLSGPAEV GPGAVGERTP 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
RKKEPPRASP PGGLAEPPGS AGPQAGPTVV PGSATPMETG IAETPEGRRT SRRKRAKVEY 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
REMDESLANL SEDEYYSEEE RNAKAEKEKK LPPPPPQAPP EEENESEPEE PSGVEGAAFQ 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
SRLPHDRMTS QEAACFPDII SGPQQTQKVF LFIRNRTLQL WLDNPKIQLT FEATLQQLEA 

       250        260        270        280        290        300 
PYNSDTVLVH RVHSYLERHG LINFGIYKRI KPLPTKKTGK VIIIGSGVSG LAAARQLQSF 

       310        320        330        340        350        360 
GMDVTLLEAR DRVGGRVATF RKGNYVADLG AMVVTGLGGN PMAVVSKQVN MELAKIKQKC 

       370        380        390        400        410        420 
PLYEANGQAV PKEKDEMVEQ EFNRLLEATS YLSHQLDFNV LNNKPVSLGQ ALEVVIQLQE 

       430        440        450        460        470        480 
KHVKDEQIEH WKKIVKTQEE LKELLNKMVN LKEKIKELHQ QYKEASEVKP PRDITAEFLV 

       490        500        510        520        530        540 
KSKHRDLTAL CKEYDELAET QGKLEEKLQE LEANPPSDVY LSSRDRQILD WHFANLEFAN 

       550        560        570        580        590        600 
ATPLSTLSLK HWDQDDDFEF TGSHLTVRNG YSCVPVALAE GLDIKLNTAV RQVRYTASGC 

       610        620        630        640        650        660 
EVIAVNTRST SQTFIYKCDA VLCTLPLGVL KQQPPAVQFV PPLPEWKTSA VQRMGFGNLN 

       670        680        690        700        710        720 
KVVLCFDRVF WDPSVNLFGH VGSTTASRGE LFLFWNLYKA PILLALVAGE AAGIMENISD 

       730        740        750        760        770        780 
DVIVGRCLAI LKGIFGSSAV PQPKETVVSR WRADPWARGS YSYVAAGSSG NDYDLMAQPI 

       790        800        810        820        830        840 
TPGPSIPGAP QPIPRLFFAG EHTIRNYPAT VHGALLSGLR EAGRIADQFL GAMYTLPRQA 

       850 
TPGVPAQQSP SM 

« Hide

Isoform 2.

Checksum: 966CA72A70F68111
Show »

FASTA87695,155

References

« Hide 'large scale' references
[1]"Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. IX. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which can code for large proteins in vitro."
Nagase T., Ishikawa K., Miyajima N., Tanaka A., Kotani H., Nomura N., Ohara O.
DNA Res. 5:31-39(1998) [PubMed: 9628581] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
Tissue: Brain.
[2]"The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1."
Gregory S.G., Barlow K.F., McLay K.E., Kaul R., Swarbreck D., Dunham A., Scott C.E., Howe K.L., Woodfine K., Spencer C.C.A., Jones M.C., Gillson C., Searle S., Zhou Y., Kokocinski F., McDonald L., Evans R., Phillips K. expand/collapse author list , Atkinson A., Cooper R., Jones C., Hall R.E., Andrews T.D., Lloyd C., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Ambrose K.D., Anderson F., Andrew R.W., Ashwell R.I.S., Aubin K., Babbage A.K., Bagguley C.L., Bailey J., Beasley H., Bethel G., Bird C.P., Bray-Allen S., Brown J.Y., Brown A.J., Buckley D., Burton J., Bye J., Carder C., Chapman J.C., Clark S.Y., Clarke G., Clee C., Cobley V., Collier R.E., Corby N., Coville G.J., Davies J., Deadman R., Dunn M., Earthrowl M., Ellington A.G., Errington H., Frankish A., Frankland J., French L., Garner P., Garnett J., Gay L., Ghori M.R.J., Gibson R., Gilby L.M., Gillett W., Glithero R.J., Grafham D.V., Griffiths C., Griffiths-Jones S., Grocock R., Hammond S., Harrison E.S.I., Hart E., Haugen E., Heath P.D., Holmes S., Holt K., Howden P.J., Hunt A.R., Hunt S.E., Hunter G., Isherwood J., James R., Johnson C., Johnson D., Joy A., Kay M., Kershaw J.K., Kibukawa M., Kimberley A.M., King A., Knights A.J., Lad H., Laird G., Lawlor S., Leongamornlert D.A., Lloyd D.M., Loveland J., Lovell J., Lush M.J., Lyne R., Martin S., Mashreghi-Mohammadi M., Matthews L., Matthews N.S.W., McLaren S., Milne S., Mistry S., Moore M.J.F., Nickerson T., O'Dell C.N., Oliver K., Palmeiri A., Palmer S.A., Parker A., Patel D., Pearce A.V., Peck A.I., Pelan S., Phelps K., Phillimore B.J., Plumb R., Rajan J., Raymond C., Rouse G., Saenphimmachak C., Sehra H.K., Sheridan E., Shownkeen R., Sims S., Skuce C.D., Smith M., Steward C., Subramanian S., Sycamore N., Tracey A., Tromans A., Van Helmond Z., Wall M., Wallis J.M., White S., Whitehead S.L., Wilkinson J.E., Willey D.L., Williams H., Wilming L., Wray P.W., Wu Z., Coulson A., Vaudin M., Sulston J.E., Durbin R.M., Hubbard T., Wooster R., Dunham I., Carter N.P., McVean G., Ross M.T., Harrow J., Olson M.V., Beck S., Rogers J., Bentley D.R.
Nature 441:315-321(2006) [PubMed: 16710414] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[3]"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."
The MGC Project Team
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 2).
Tissue: Brain, Skin and Testis.
[4]"The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA consortium."
Bechtel S., Rosenfelder H., Duda A., Schmidt C.P., Ernst U., Wellenreuther R., Mehrle A., Schuster C., Bahr A., Blocker H., Heubner D., Hoerlein A., Michel G., Wedler H., Kohrer K., Ottenwalder B., Poustka A., Wiemann S., Schupp I.
BMC Genomics 8:399-399(2007) [PubMed: 17974005] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 245-852 (ISOFORM 1).
Tissue: Brain.
[5]"A core-BRAF35 complex containing histone deacetylase mediates repression of neuronal-specific genes."
Hakimi M.-A., Bochar D.A., Chenoweth J., Lane W.S., Mandel G., Shiekhattar R.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99:7420-7425(2002) [PubMed: 12032298] [Abstract]
Cited for: PARTIAL PROTEIN SEQUENCE, INTERACTION WITH A HISTONE DEACETYLASE-CONTAINING COMPLEX, FUNCTION.
[6]"Stable histone deacetylase complexes distinguished by the presence of SANT domain proteins CoREST/kiaa0071 and Mta-L1."
Humphrey G.W., Wang Y., Russanova V.R., Hirai T., Qin J., Nakatani Y., Howard B.H.
J. Biol. Chem. 276:6817-6824(2001) [PubMed: 11102443] [Abstract]
Cited for: INTERACTION WITH THE HDAC1 COMPLEX, MASS SPECTROMETRY, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
[7]"A candidate X-linked mental retardation gene is a component of a new family of histone deacetylase-containing complexes."
Hakimi M.-A., Dong Y., Lane W.S., Speicher D.W., Shiekhattar R.
J. Biol. Chem. 278:7234-7239(2003) [PubMed: 12493763] [Abstract]
Cited for: INTERACTION WITH A HISTONE DEACETYLASE-CONTAINING COMPLEX, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[8]"Histone demethylation mediated by the nuclear amine oxidase homolog LSD1."
Shi Y.-J., Lan F., Matson C., Mulligan P., Whetstine J.R., Cole P.A., Casero R.A., Shi Y.
Cell 119:941-953(2004) [PubMed: 15620353] [Abstract]
Cited for: ENZYME ACTIVITY, FUNCTION, COFACTOR.
[9]"Histone demethylation catalysed by LSD1 is a flavin-dependent oxidative process."
Forneris F., Binda C., Vanoni M.A., Mattevi A., Battaglioli E.
FEBS Lett. 579:2203-2207(2005) [PubMed: 15811342] [Abstract]
Cited for: ENZYME ACTIVITY, COFACTOR.
[10]"Regulation of LSD1 histone demethylase activity by its associated factors."
Shi Y.-J., Matson C., Lan F., Iwase S., Baba T., Shi Y.
Mol. Cell 19:857-864(2005) [PubMed: 16140033] [Abstract]
Cited for: INTERACTION WITH RCOR1 AND PHF21A.
[11]"An essential role for CoREST in nucleosomal histone 3 lysine 4 demethylation."
Lee M.G., Wynder C., Cooch N., Shiekhattar R.
Nature 437:432-435(2005) [PubMed: 16079794] [Abstract]
Cited for: INTERACTION WITH RCOR1, MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-661.
[12]"LSD1 demethylates repressive histone marks to promote androgen-receptor-dependent transcription."
Metzger E., Wissmann M., Yin N., Mueller J.M., Schneider R., Peters A.H.F.M., Guenther T., Buettner R., Schuele R.
Nature 437:436-439(2005) [PubMed: 16079795] [Abstract]
Cited for: POSSIBLE FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INTERACTION WITH AR.
[13]"Human histone demethylase LSD1 reads the histone code."
Forneris F., Binda C., Vanoni M.A., Battaglioli E., Mattevi A.
J. Biol. Chem. 280:41360-41365(2005) [PubMed: 16223729] [Abstract]
Cited for: BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES.
[14]"Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks."
Olsen J.V., Blagoev B., Gnad F., Macek B., Kumar C., Mortensen P., Mann M.
Cell 127:635-648(2006) [PubMed: 17081983] [Abstract]
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-166, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Tissue: Epithelium.
[15]"p53 is regulated by the lysine demethylase LSD1."
Huang J., Sengupta R., Espejo A.B., Lee M.G., Dorsey J.A., Richter M., Opravil S., Shiekhattar R., Bedford M.T., Jenuwein T., Berger S.L.
Nature 449:105-108(2007) [PubMed: 17805299] [Abstract]
Cited for: FUNCTION.
[16]"Combining protein-based IMAC, peptide-based IMAC, and MudPIT for efficient phosphoproteomic analysis."
Cantin G.T., Yi W., Lu B., Park S.K., Xu T., Lee J.-D., Yates J.R. III
J. Proteome Res. 7:1346-1351(2008) [PubMed: 18220336] [Abstract]
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-166, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[17]"Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle."
Daub H., Olsen J.V., Bairlein M., Gnad F., Oppermann F.S., Korner R., Greff Z., Keri G., Stemmann O., Mann M.
Mol. Cell 31:438-448(2008) [PubMed: 18691976] [Abstract]
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-131 AND SER-137, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[18]"A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation."
Dephoure N., Zhou C., Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Bakalarski C.E., Elledge S.J., Gygi S.P.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10762-10767(2008) [PubMed: 18669648] [Abstract]
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-80; THR-104; SER-126; SER-131; SER-137; SER-166 AND SER-849, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[19]Colinge J., Superti-Furga G., Bennett K.L.
Submitted (OCT-2008) to UniProtKB
Cited for: IDENTIFICATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS], MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[20]"Structural basis for CoREST-dependent demethylation of nucleosomes by the human LSD1 histone demethylase."
Yang M., Gocke C.B., Luo X., Borek D., Tomchick D.R., Machius M., Otwinowski Z., Yu H.
Mol. Cell 23:377-387(2006) [PubMed: 16885027] [Abstract]
Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.57 ANGSTROMS) OF 171-836 IN COMPLEX WITH FAD AND RCOR1.
[21]"Crystal structure of human histone lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1)."
Chen Y., Yang Y., Wang F., Wan K., Yamane K., Zhang Y., Lei M.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103:13956-13961(2006) [PubMed: 16956976] [Abstract]
Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.8 ANGSTROMS) OF 172-835 IN COMPLEX WITH FAD, MUTAGENESIS OF ASN-535; HIS-564 AND TYR-761.
[22]"Solution structure of the SWIRM domain of human histone demethylase LSD1."
Tochio N., Umehara T., Koshiba S., Inoue M., Yabuki T., Aoki M., Seki E., Watanabe S., Tomo Y., Hanada M., Ikari M., Sato M., Terada T., Nagase T., Ohara O., Shirouzu M., Tanaka A., Kigawa T., Yokoyama S.
Structure 14:457-468(2006) [PubMed: 16531230] [Abstract]
Cited for: STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 166-285, DOMAIN.
+Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases

AB011173 mRNA. Translation: BAA25527.1. Different initiation.
AL031428 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI19707.2.
AL031428 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI19708.2.
BC016639 mRNA. Translation: AAH16639.1.
BC025362 mRNA. Translation: AAH25362.1.
BC040194 mRNA. Translation: AAH40194.3.
BC048134 mRNA. Translation: AAH48134.2.
AL833812 mRNA. Translation: CAD38675.2.
IPIIPI00217540.
IPI00456631.
RefSeqNP_055828.2.
UniGeneHs.591518
Hs.656420

3D structure databases

EntryMethodResolution (Å)ChainPositionsPDBsum
2COMNMR-A169-279[»]
2DW4X-ray2.30A172-831[»]
2EJRX-ray2.70A172-833[»]
2H94X-ray2.90A172-835[»]
2HKOX-ray2.80A172-835[»]
2IW5X-ray2.57A171-836[»]
2UXNX-ray2.72A171-836[»]
2UXXX-ray2.74A171-836[»]
2V1DX-ray3.10A123-852[»]
2Z3YX-ray2.25A172-833[»]
2Z5UX-ray2.25A172-833[»]
ModBaseSearch...

Protein-protein interaction databases

IntActO60341. 10 interactions.

PTM databases

PhosphoSiteO60341.

Proteomic databases

PRIDEO60341.

Genome annotation databases

EnsemblENSG00000004487. Homo sapiens. [Contig view]
GeneID23028.
KEGGhsa:23028.

Organism-specific databases

GeneCardsGC01P023218.
H-InvDBHIX0000238.
HGNCHGNC:29079. KDM1.
HPACAB005884.
MIM609132. gene.
PharmGKBPA134972783.
HUGESearch...
GenAtlasSearch...

Phylogenomic databases

HOVERGENO60341.
OMAO60341. VFLYIRN.

Enzyme and pathway databases

Pathway_Interaction_DBar_pathway. Coregulation of Androgen receptor activity.

Gene expression databases

BgeeO60341.
CleanExHS_AOF2.
GermOnlineENSG00000004487. Homo sapiens.

Family and domain databases

InterProIPR002937. Amino_oxidase.
IPR017366. Hist_Lys-spec_deMease.
IPR007526. SWIRM.
[Graphical view]
PfamPF01593. Amino_oxidase. 1 hit.
PF04433. SWIRM. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
PIRSFPIRSF038051. Histone_Lys-demethylase. 1 hit.
PROSITEPS50934. SWIRM. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
ProtoNetSearch...

Other Resources

NextBio43998.
SOURCESearch...

Entry information

Entry nameKDM1_HUMAN
AccessionPrimary (citable) accession number: O60341
Secondary accession number(s): Q5TH94 expand/collapse secondary AC list , Q5TH95, Q86VT7, Q8IXK4, Q8NDP6, Q8TAZ3, Q96AW4
Entry history
Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: August 16, 2004
Last sequence update: August 16, 2004
Last modified: June 16, 2009
This is version 88 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]
Entry statusReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation projectHPI (Human Proteome Initiative)

Relevant documents

Human chromosome 1

Human chromosome 1: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM

MIM cross-references

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

PDB cross-references

Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references

SIMILARITY comments

Index of protein domains and families

Names and origin · Protein attributes · General annotation (Comments) · Ontologies · Binary interactions · Alternative products · Sequence annotation (Features) · Sequences · References · Cross-references · Entry information · Relevant documents