Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot O55241 (OREX_MOUSE)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Orexin
Alternative name(s):
    Hypocretin
      Short name=Hcrt
Cleaved into the following 2 chains:
    1- Recommended name:
            Orexin-A
        Alternative name(s):
            Hypocretin-1
              Short name=Hcrt1
    2- Recommended name:
            Orexin-B
        Alternative name(s):
            Hypocretin-2
              Short name=Hcrt2

Gene names

Name:	Hcrt
Synonyms:	Ox, Ppox

Organism

Mus musculus (Mouse)

Taxonomic identifier

10090 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Glires › Rodentia › Sciurognathi › Muroidea › Muridae › Murinae › Mus

Protein attributes

Sequence length	130 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Neuropeptides that play a significant role in the regulation of food intake and sleep-wakefulness, possibly by coordinating the complex behavioral and physiologic responses of these complementary homeostatic functions. A broader role in the homeostatic regulation of energy metabolism, autonomic function, hormonal balance and the regulation of body fluids, is also suggested. Orexin-A binds to both OX1R and OX2R with a high affinity, whereas orexin-B binds only to OX2R with a similar high affinity.
Subcellular location	Rough endoplasmic reticulum By similarity. Cytoplasmic vesicle By similarity. Cell junction › synapse By similarity. Note: Associated with perikaryal rough endoplasmic reticulum as well as cytoplasmic large granular vesicles at synapses By similarity.
Tissue specificity	Restricted to neuronal cell bodies of the dorsal and lateral hypothalamus.
Post-translational modification	Specific enzymatic cleavages at paired basic residues yield the different active peptides.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the orexin family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Cell junction Cytoplasmic vesicle Endoplasmic reticulum Synapse
Domain	Signal
Molecular function	Neuropeptide
PTM	Amidation Cleavage on pair of basic residues Disulfide bond Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	neuropeptide signaling pathway Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	cell junction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW perinuclear region of cytoplasm Inferred from direct assay. Source: MGI rough endoplasmic reticulum Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell synapse Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 32	32	By similarity
	Peptide	33 – 65	33	Orexin-A		PRO_0000020264
	Peptide	69 – 96	28	Orexin-B		PRO_0000020265
	Propeptide	97 – 130	34			PRO_0000020266
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	33	1	Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid By similarity
	Modified residue	65	1	Leucine amide By similarity
	Modified residue	96	1	Methionine amide By similarity
	Disulfide bond	38 ↔ 44		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	39 ↔ 46		By similarity

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	O55241-1 [UniParc]. Last modified June 1, 1998. Version 1. Checksum: D3C223F9EE835F1C	FASTA	130	13,503
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MNFPSTKVPW AAVTLLLLLL LPPALLSLGV DAQPLPDCCR QKTCSCRLYE LLHGAGNHAA 70 80 90 100 110 120 GILTLGKRRP GPPGLQGRLQ RLLQANGNHA AGILTMGRRA GAELEPHPCS GRGCPTVTTT 130 ALAPRGGSGV

References

[1]	"Orexins and orexin receptors: a family of hypothalamic neuropeptides and G protein-coupled receptors that regulate feeding behavior." Sakurai T., Amemiya A., Ishii M., Matsuzaki I., Chemelli R.M., Tanaka H., Williams S.C., Richardson J.A., Kozlowski G.P., Wilson S., Arch J.R.S., Buckingham R.E., Haynes A.C., Carr S.A., Annan R.S., McNulty D.E., Liu W.-S., Terrett J.A. , Elshourbagy N.A., Bergsma D.J., Yanagisawa M. Cell 92:573-585(1998) [PubMed: 9491897] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[2]	"The hypocretins: hypothalamus-specific peptides with neuroexcitatory activity." de Lecea L., Kilduff T.S., Peyron C., Gao X.-B., Foye P.E., Danielson P.E., Fukuhara C., Battenberg E.L.F., Gautvik V.T., Bartlett F.S. II, Frankel W.N., van den Pol A.N., Bloom F.E., Gautvik K.M., Sutcliffe J.G. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95:322-327(1998) [PubMed: 9419374] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: C57BL/6J.
[3]	"Hypocretin/orexin, sleep and narcolepsy." Hungs M., Mignot E. Bioessays 23:397-408(2001) [PubMed: 11340621] [Abstract] Cited for: REVIEW.
[4]	"To eat or to sleep? Orexin in the regulation of feeding and wakefulness." Willie J.T., Chemelli R.M., Sinton C.M., Yanagisawa M. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 24:429-458(2001) [PubMed: 11283317] [Abstract] Cited for: REVIEW.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Web resources

Protein Spotlight

Qui dort dine - Issue 15 of October 2001

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AF041242 mRNA. Translation: AAC40040.1. AF019566 mRNA. Translation: AAC02934.1.
IPI	IPI00116749.
RefSeq	NP_034540.1.
UniGene	Mm.10096
3D structure databases
SMR	O55241. Positions 33-65, 71-96.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	O55241.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	O55241.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSMUST00000055083; ENSMUSP00000057578; ENSMUSG00000045471; Mus musculus. [Genome view]
GeneID	15171.
KEGG	mmu:15171.
UCSC	uc007lmg.1. mouse.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	15171.
MGI	MGI:1202306. Hcrt.
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	roNOG17366.
HOGENOM	HBG279250.
HOVERGEN	O55241.
InParanoid	O55241.
PhylomeDB	O55241.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	O55241.
Bgee	O55241.
CleanEx	MM_HCRT. MM_PPOX.
Genevestigator	O55241.
GermOnline	ENSMUSG00000045471. Mus musculus.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR001704. Orexin. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR15173. Orexin. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF02072. Orexin. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR01091. OREXINPP.
ProtoNet	Search...
Other Resources
NextBio	287686.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

OREX_MOUSE

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: O55241

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	May 30, 2000
Last sequence update:	June 1, 1998
Last modified:	January 19, 2010
This is version 74 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

HPI (Human Proteome Initiative)