Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot O43653 (PSCA_HUMAN)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Prostate stem cell antigen

Gene names

Name:	PSCA
ORF Names:	UNQ206/PRO232

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	123 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	May be involved in the regulation of cell proliferation. Has a cell-proliferation inhibition activity in vitro. Ref.7
Subcellular location	Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor › GPI-anchor.
Tissue specificity	Highly expressed in prostate (basal, secretory and neuroendocrine epithelium cells). Also found in bladder (transitional epithelium), placenta (trophoblasts), stomach (neuroendocrine cells), colon (neuroendocrine cells) and kidney (collecting ducts). Overexpressed in prostate cancers and expression is correlated with tumor stage, grade and androgen-independence. Highly expressed in prostate cancer bone metastases. Expressed in gastric epithelial cells, mainly in the isthmus (at protein level). Not detected in normal intestinal epithelium (at protein level). Ref.7 Ref.6
Induction	Down-regulated in gastric cancer cells. Ref.7
Polymorphism	Genetic variations in PSCA may influence susceptibility to diffuse-type gastric cancer.
Sequence similarities	Contains 1 UPAR/Ly6 domain.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Cell membrane Membrane
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Domain	Signal
PTM	Disulfide bond GPI-anchor Glycoprotein Lipoprotein
Technical term	Direct protein sequencing
Gene Ontology (GO)
Cellular component	anchored to membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW plasma membrane Ref.1 Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 20	20	Ref.5
	Chain	21 – 95	75	Prostate stem cell antigen		PRO_0000036162
	Propeptide	96 – 123	28	Removed in mature form Potential		PRO_0000036163
Regions
	Domain	21 – 95	75	UPAR/Ly6
Amino acid modifications
	Lipidation	95	1	GPI-anchor amidated serine Potential
	Glycosylation	40	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	83	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	93	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Disulfide bond	23 ↔ 48		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	26 ↔ 35		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	41 ↔ 66		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	70 ↔ 86		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	87 ↔ 92		By similarity
Natural variations
	Natural variant	39	1	E → K: dbSNP rs3736001. Ref.7		VAR_020173

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	O43653-1 [UniParc]. Last modified June 1, 1998. Version 1. Checksum: 3FC1271742D657FA	FASTA	123	12,912
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MKAVLLALLM AGLALQPGTA LLCYSCKAQV SNEDCLQVEN CTQLGEQCWT ARIRAVGLLT 70 80 90 100 110 120 VISKGCSLNC VDDSQDYYVG KKNITCCDTD LCNASGAHAL QPAAAILALL PALGLLLWGP GQL

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Prostate stem cell antigen: a cell surface marker overexpressed in prostate cancer." Reiter R.E., Gu Z., Watabe T., Thomas G., Szigeti K., Davis E., Wahl M., Nisitani S., Yamashiro J., le Beau M.M., Losa M., Witte O.N. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95:1735-1740(1998) [PubMed: 9465086] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Prostatic carcinoma.
[2]	"Reduced expression of PSCA, a member of the LY-6 family of cell surface antigens, in bladder, esophagus, and stomach tumors." Bahrenberg G., Brauers A., Joost H.G., Jakse G. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 275:783-788(2000) [PubMed: 10973799] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Urothelium.
[3]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Skin.
[4]	"The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment." Clark H.F., Gurney A.L., Abaya E., Baker K., Baldwin D.T., Brush J., Chen J., Chow B., Chui C., Crowley C., Currell B., Deuel B., Dowd P., Eaton D., Foster J.S., Grimaldi C., Gu Q., Hass P.E. , Heldens S., Huang A., Kim H.S., Klimowski L., Jin Y., Johnson S., Lee J., Lewis L., Liao D., Mark M.R., Robbie E., Sanchez C., Schoenfeld J., Seshagiri S., Simmons L., Singh J., Smith V., Stinson J., Vagts A., Vandlen R.L., Watanabe C., Wieand D., Woods K., Xie M.-H., Yansura D.G., Yi S., Yu G., Yuan J., Zhang M., Zhang Z., Goddard A.D., Wood W.I., Godowski P.J., Gray A.M. Genome Res. 13:2265-2270(2003) [PubMed: 12975309] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 5-123.
[5]	"Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites." Zhang Z., Henzel W.J. Protein Sci. 13:2819-2824(2004) [PubMed: 15340161] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 21-35.
[6]	"Prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) expression increases with high gleason score, advanced stage and bone metastasis in prostate cancer." Gu Z., Thomas G., Yamashiro J., Shintaku I.P., Dorey F., Raitano A., Witte O.N., Said J.W., Loda M., Reiter R.E. Oncogene 19:1288-1296(2000) [PubMed: 10713670] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[7]	"Genetic variation in PSCA is associated with susceptibility to diffuse-type gastric cancer." The study group of millennium genome project for cancer Sakamoto H., Yoshimura K., Saeki N., Katai H., Shimoda T., Matsuno Y., Saito D., Sugimura H., Tanioka F., Kato S., Matsukura N., Matsuda N., Nakamura T., Hyodo I., Nishina T., Yasui W., Hirose H., Hayashi M. , Toshiro E., Ohnami S., Sekine A., Sato Y., Totsuka H., Ando M., Takemura R., Takahashi Y., Ohdaira M., Aoki K., Honmyo I., Chiku S., Aoyagi K., Sasaki H., Ohnami S., Yanagihara K., Yoon K.-A., Kook M.-C., Lee Y.-S., Park S.R., Kim C.G., Choi I.J., Yoshida T., Nakamura Y., Hirohashi S. Nat. Genet. 40:730-740(2008) [PubMed: 18488030] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INDUCTION, ASSOCIATION WITH SUSCEPTIBILITY TO DIFFUSE-TYPE GASTRIC CANCER, VARIANT LYS-39.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Web resources

Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	AF043498 mRNA. Translation: AAC39607.1. AJ297436 mRNA. Translation: CAB97347.1. BC023582 mRNA. Translation: AAH23582.1. BC065183 mRNA. Translation: AAH65183.1. AY358912 mRNA. Translation: AAQ89271.1.
IPI	IPI00013446.
RefSeq	NP_005663.1.
UniGene	Hs.652235 Hs.711174
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSG00000167653. Homo sapiens. [Contig view]
GeneID	8000.
KEGG	hsa:8000.
Organism-specific databases
GeneCards	GC08P143758.
H-InvDB	HIX0007827. HIX0034247.
HGNC	HGNC:9500. PSCA.
MIM	602470. gene.
PharmGKB	PA33847.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
HOGENOM	O43653.
HOVERGEN	O43653.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	O43653.
Bgee	O43653.
CleanEx	HS_PSCA.
GermOnline	ENSG00000167653. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR018363. CD59_antigen_CS. IPR016054. LY6_UPA_recep-like. IPR001526. LY6_UPAR. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF00021. UPAR_LY6. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SMART	SM00134. LU. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS00983. LY6_UPAR. False negative. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other Resources
NextBio	30548.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

PSCA_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: O43653
Secondary accession number(s): Q6UW92

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	December 1, 2000
Last sequence update:	June 1, 1998
Last modified:	May 5, 2009
This is version 77 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

HPI (Human Proteome Initiative)