O43603 (GALR2_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Galanin receptor type 2
Short name=GAL2-R
Short name=GALR-2

Gene names

Name:	GALR2
Synonyms:	GALNR2

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	387 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Receptor for the hormone galanin and for GALP. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that activate the phospholipase C/protein kinase C pathway (via G(q)) and that inhibit adenylyl cyclase (via G(i)).
Subcellular location	Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
Tissue specificity	Expressed abundantly within the central nervous system in both hypothalamus and hippocampus. In peripheral tissues, the strongest expression was observed in heart, kidney, liver, and small intestine.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Cell membrane Membrane
Domain	Transmembrane Transmembrane helix
Molecular function	G-protein coupled receptor Receptor Transducer
PTM	Disulfide bond Glycoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	adenylate cyclase-modulating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway Traceable author statement Ref.3. Source: ProtInc digestion Traceable author statement Ref.4. Source: ProtInc elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration Traceable author statement Ref.3. Source: ProtInc feeding behavior Traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: ProtInc learning or memory Traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: ProtInc multicellular organismal development Traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: ProtInc muscle contraction Traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: ProtInc neuron projection development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara
Cellular_component	integral to membrane Traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: ProtInc plasma membrane Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome
Molecular_function	galanin receptor activity Traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: ProtInc
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 387	387	Galanin receptor type 2		PRO_0000069466
Regions
	Topological domain	1 – 28	28	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	29 – 49	21	Helical; Name=1; Potential
	Topological domain	50 – 60	11	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	61 – 81	21	Helical; Name=2; Potential
	Topological domain	82 – 99	18	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	100 – 121	22	Helical; Name=3; Potential
	Topological domain	122 – 141	20	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	142 – 162	21	Helical; Name=4; Potential
	Topological domain	163 – 187	25	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	188 – 208	21	Helical; Name=5; Potential
	Topological domain	209 – 237	29	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	238 – 258	21	Helical; Name=6; Potential
	Topological domain	259 – 260	2	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	261 – 281	21	Helical; Name=7; Potential
	Topological domain	282 – 387	106	Cytoplasmic Potential
Amino acid modifications
	Glycosylation	2	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	11	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Disulfide bond	98 ↔ 175		By similarity

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	O43603 [UniParc]. Last modified June 1, 1998. Version 1. Checksum: C2D2FCB93E53C47E	FASTA	387	41,700
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MNVSGCPGAG NASQAGGGGG WHPEAVIVPL LFALIFLVGT VGNTLVLAVL LRGGQAVSTT 70 80 90 100 110 120 NLFILNLGVA DLCFILCCVP FQATIYTLDG WVFGSLLCKA VHFLIFLTMH ASSFTLAAVS 130 140 150 160 170 180 LDRYLAIRYP LHSRELRTPR NALAAIGLIW GLSLLFSGPY LSYYRQSQLA NLTVCHPAWS 190 200 210 220 230 240 APRRRAMDIC TFVFSYLLPV LVLGLTYART LRYLWRAVDP VAAGSGARRA KRKVTRMILI 250 260 270 280 290 300 VAALFCLCWM PHHALILCVW FGQFPLTRAT YALRILSHLV SYANSCVNPI VYALVSKHFR 310 320 330 340 350 360 KGFRTICAGL LGRAPGRASG RVCAAARGTH SGSVLERESS DLLHMSEAAG ALRPCPGASQ 370 380 PCILEPCPGP SWQGPKAGDS ILTVDVA

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Cloning and expression of the human galanin receptor GalR2." Bloomquist B.T., Beauchamp M.R., Zhelnin L., Brown S.-E., Gore-Willse A.R., Gregor P., Cornfield L.J. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 243:474-479(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[2]	"Cloning and characterization of the human galanin GALR2 receptor." Borowsky B., Walker M.W., Huang L.-Y., Jones K.A., Smith K.E., Bard J., Branchek T.A., Gerald C. Peptides 19:1771-1781(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[3]	"Molecular characterization, pharmacological properties and chromosomal localization of the human GALR2 galanin receptor." Fathi Z., Battaglino P.M., Iben L.G., Li H., Baker E., Zhang D., McGovern R., Mahle C.D., Sutherland G.R., Iismaa T.P., Dickinson K.E.J., Zimanyi I.A. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 58:156-169(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[4]	"Molecular characterization and expression of cloned human galanin receptors GALR2 and GALR3." Kolakowski L.F. Jr., O'Neill G.P., Howard A.D., Broussard S.R., Sullivan K.A., Feighner S.D., Sawzdargo M., Nguyen T., Kargman S., Shiao L.-L., Hreniuk D.L., Tan C.P., Evans J., Abramovitz M., Chateauneuf A., Coulombe N., Ng G., Johnson M.P. , Tharian A., Khoshbouei H., George S.R., Smith R.G., O'Dowd B.F. J. Neurochem. 71:2239-2251(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[5]	Martin A.L., Kaighin V.A., Aronstam R.S. Submitted (APR-2007) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Hippocampus.
[6]	Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. , Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H., Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K., Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D., Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C. Submitted (JUL-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[7]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AF040630 mRNA. Translation: AAC39634.1. AF080586 mRNA. Translation: AAD08671.1. AF058762 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAC18118.1. AF042782 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAC36587.1. EF577401 mRNA. Translation: ABQ52421.1. CH471099 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW89364.1. BC069130 mRNA. Translation: AAH69130.1. BC074914 mRNA. Translation: AAH74914.1. BC074915 mRNA. Translation: AAH74915.1. BC109051 mRNA. Translation: AAI09052.1. BC109052 mRNA. Translation: AAI09053.1.
IPI	IPI00013353.
PIR	JC5949.
RefSeq	NP_003848.1. NM_003857.2.
UniGene	Hs.666366.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	O43603.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	9606.ENSP00000329684.
Protein family/group databases
GPCRDB	Search...
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	O43603.
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	O43603.
PRIDE	O43603.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000329003; ENSP00000329684; ENSG00000182687.
GeneID	8811.
KEGG	hsa:8811.
UCSC	uc002jqm.1. human.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	8811.
GeneCards	GC17P074070.
HGNC	HGNC:4133. GALR2.
HPA	HPA044513.
MIM	603691. gene.
neXtProt	NX_O43603.
PharmGKB	PA28546.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	NOG320953.
HOGENOM	HOG000230487.
HOVERGEN	HBG101447.
InParanoid	O43603.
KO	K04231.
OMA	FRKICAG.
OrthoDB	EOG4K9BCJ.
PhylomeDB	O43603.
Enzyme and pathway databases
Reactome	REACT_111102. Signal Transduction.
Gene expression databases
Bgee	O43603.
CleanEx	HS_GALR2.
Genevestigator	O43603.
GermOnline	ENSG00000182687. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR000405. Galanin_rcpt. IPR003907. Galnin_2_rcpt. IPR000276. GPCR_Rhodpsn. IPR017452. GPCR_Rhodpsn_7TM. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF00001. 7tm_1. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR01419. GALANIN2R. PR00663. GALANINR. PR00237. GPCRRHODOPSN.
PROSITE	PS00237. G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F1_1. 1 hit. PS50262. G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F1_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
BindingDB	O43603.
ChEMBL	CHEMBL3176.
GenomeRNAi	8811.
NextBio	33048.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

GALR2_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: O43603
Secondary accession number(s): A5JUU4, Q32MN8

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	July 15, 1999
Last sequence update:	June 1, 1998
Last modified:	May 1, 2013
This is version 111 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.