O43174 (CP26A_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Cytochrome P450 26A1
EC=1.14.-.-

Alternative name(s):
Cytochrome P450 retinoic acid-inactivating 1
Short name=Cytochrome P450RAI
Short name=hP450RAI
Retinoic acid 4-hydroxylase
Retinoic acid-metabolizing cytochrome

Gene names

Name:	CYP26A1
Synonyms:	CYP26, P450RAI1

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	497 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Plays a key role in retinoic acid metabolism. Acts on retinoids, including all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) and its stereoisomer 9-cis-RA. Capable of both 4-hydroxylation and 18-hydroxylation. Responsible for generation of several hydroxylated forms of RA, including 4-OH-RA, 4-oxo-RA and 18-OH-RA.
Cofactor	Heme group By similarity.
Subcellular location	Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Microsome membrane; Peripheral membrane protein.
Tissue specificity	Highest levels in adult liver, heart, pituitary gland, adrenal gland, placenta and regions of the brain. Ref.6
Induction	By retinoic acid.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the cytochrome P450 family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Endoplasmic reticulum Membrane Microsome
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing
Ligand	Heme Iron Metal-binding
Molecular function	Monooxygenase Oxidoreductase
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	anterior/posterior pattern specification Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara cellular response to retinoic acid Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara central nervous system development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara negative regulation of retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway Traceable author statement PubMed 14532297. Source: BHF-UCL neural crest cell development Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara retinoic acid catabolic process Inferred from direct assay PubMed 10823918. Source: BHF-UCL retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara xenobiotic metabolic process Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome
Cellular_component	endoplasmic reticulum membrane Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome
Molecular_function	electron carrier activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro heme binding Non-traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: BHF-UCL iron ion binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro oxygen binding Traceable author statement Ref.1. Source: ProtInc retinoic acid 4-hydroxylase activity Inferred from direct assay PubMed 10823918Ref.1. Source: BHF-UCL retinoic acid binding Inferred from direct assay PubMed 10823918. Source: BHF-UCL
Complete GO annotation...

Alternative products

This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform 1 (identifier: O43174-1)

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform 2 (identifier: O43174-2)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-69: Missing.

Note: No experimental confirmation available.

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 497	497	Cytochrome P450 26A1		PRO_0000051980
Sites
	Metal binding	442	1	Iron (heme axial ligand) Potential
Natural variations
	Alternative sequence	1 – 69	69	Missing in isoform 2.		VSP_045087
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	104 – 105	2	EH → DD in AAB88881. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	136	1	R → G in BAG51346. Ref.3

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform 1 [UniParc]. Last modified December 16, 2008. Version 2. Checksum: 834318FA493E76D4	FASTA	497	56,199
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MGLPALLASA LCTFVLPLLL FLAAIKLWDL YCVSGRDRSC ALPLPPGTMG FPFFGETLQM 70 80 90 100 110 120 VLQRRKFLQM KRRKYGFIYK THLFGRPTVR VMGADNVRRI LLGEHRLVSV HWPASVRTIL 130 140 150 160 170 180 GSGCLSNLHD SSHKQRKKVI MRAFSREALE CYVPVITEEV GSSLEQWLSC GERGLLVYPE 190 200 210 220 230 240 VKRLMFRIAM RILLGCEPQL AGDGDSEQQL VEAFEEMTRN LFSLPIDVPF SGLYRGMKAR 250 260 270 280 290 300 NLIHARIEQN IRAKICGLRA SEAGQGCKDA LQLLIEHSWE RGERLDMQAL KQSSTELLFG 310 320 330 340 350 360 GHETTASAAT SLITYLGLYP HVLQKVREEL KSKGLLCKSN QDNKLDMEIL EQLKYIGCVI 370 380 390 400 410 420 KETLRLNPPV PGGFRVALKT FELNGYQIPK GWNVIYSICD THDVAEIFTN KEEFNPDRFM 430 440 450 460 470 480 LPHPEDASRF SFIPFGGGLR SCVGKEFAKI LLKIFTVELA RHCDWQLLNG PPTMKTSPTV 490 YPVDNLPARF THFHGEI
	Isoform 2 [UniParc]. Checksum: E5FA93A5DB86CDCA	FASTA	428	48,558
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MKRRKYGFIY KTHLFGRPTV RVMGADNVRR ILLGEHRLVS VHWPASVRTI LGSGCLSNLH 70 80 90 100 110 120 DSSHKQRKKV IMRAFSREAL ECYVPVITEE VGSSLEQWLS CGERGLLVYP EVKRLMFRIA 130 140 150 160 170 180 MRILLGCEPQ LAGDGDSEQQ LVEAFEEMTR NLFSLPIDVP FSGLYRGMKA RNLIHARIEQ 190 200 210 220 230 240 NIRAKICGLR ASEAGQGCKD ALQLLIEHSW ERGERLDMQA LKQSSTELLF GGHETTASAA 250 260 270 280 290 300 TSLITYLGLY PHVLQKVREE LKSKGLLCKS NQDNKLDMEI LEQLKYIGCV IKETLRLNPP 310 320 330 340 350 360 VPGGFRVALK TFELNGYQIP KGWNVIYSIC DTHDVAEIFT NKEEFNPDRF MLPHPEDASR 370 380 390 400 410 420 FSFIPFGGGL RSCVGKEFAK ILLKIFTVEL ARHCDWQLLN GPPTMKTSPT VYPVDNLPAR FTHFHGEI

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"cDNA cloning of human retinoic acid-metabolizing enzyme (hP450RAI) identifies a novel family of cytochromes P450." White J.A., Beckett-Jones B., Guo Y.-D., Dilworth F.J., Bonasoro J., Jones G., Petkovich M. J. Biol. Chem. 272:18538-18541(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
[2]	"Human retinoic acid (RA) 4-hydroxylase (CYP26) is highly specific for all-trans-RA and can be induced through RA receptors in human breast and colon carcinoma cells." Sonneveld E., van den Brink C.E., van der Leede B.M., Schulkes R.K., Petkovich M., van der Burg B., van der Saag P.T. Cell Growth Differ. 9:629-637(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
[3]	"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. , Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2).
[4]	"The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10." Deloukas P., Earthrowl M.E., Grafham D.V., Rubenfield M., French L., Steward C.A., Sims S.K., Jones M.C., Searle S., Scott C., Howe K., Hunt S.E., Andrews T.D., Gilbert J.G.R., Swarbreck D., Ashurst J.L., Taylor A., Battles J. , Bird C.P., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Ashwell R.I.S., Ambrose K.D., Babbage A.K., Bagguley C.L., Bailey J., Banerjee R., Bates K., Beasley H., Bray-Allen S., Brown A.J., Brown J.Y., Burford D.C., Burrill W., Burton J., Cahill P., Camire D., Carter N.P., Chapman J.C., Clark S.Y., Clarke G., Clee C.M., Clegg S., Corby N., Coulson A., Dhami P., Dutta I., Dunn M., Faulkner L., Frankish A., Frankland J.A., Garner P., Garnett J., Gribble S., Griffiths C., Grocock R., Gustafson E., Hammond S., Harley J.L., Hart E., Heath P.D., Ho T.P., Hopkins B., Horne J., Howden P.J., Huckle E., Hynds C., Johnson C., Johnson D., Kana A., Kay M., Kimberley A.M., Kershaw J.K., Kokkinaki M., Laird G.K., Lawlor S., Lee H.M., Leongamornlert D.A., Laird G., Lloyd C., Lloyd D.M., Loveland J., Lovell J., McLaren S., McLay K.E., McMurray A., Mashreghi-Mohammadi M., Matthews L., Milne S., Nickerson T., Nguyen M., Overton-Larty E., Palmer S.A., Pearce A.V., Peck A.I., Pelan S., Phillimore B., Porter K., Rice C.M., Rogosin A., Ross M.T., Sarafidou T., Sehra H.K., Shownkeen R., Skuce C.D., Smith M., Standring L., Sycamore N., Tester J., Thorpe A., Torcasso W., Tracey A., Tromans A., Tsolas J., Wall M., Walsh J., Wang H., Weinstock K., West A.P., Willey D.L., Whitehead S.L., Wilming L., Wray P.W., Young L., Chen Y., Lovering R.C., Moschonas N.K., Siebert R., Fechtel K., Bentley D., Durbin R.M., Hubbard T., Doucette-Stamm L., Beck S., Smith D.R., Rogers J. Nature 429:375-381(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[5]	Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. , Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H., Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K., Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D., Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C. Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[6]	"Expression of cytochrome P450RAI (CYP26) in human fetal hepatic and cephalic tissues." Trofimova-Griffin M.E., Juchau M.R. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 252:487-491(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AF005418 mRNA. Translation: AAB88881.1. AK027560 mRNA. Translation: BAG51346.1. AL358613 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAH72803.1. AL358613 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAH72804.1. CH471066 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW50078.1. CH471066 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW50079.1.
IPI	IPI00304967. IPI00376949.
RefSeq	NP_000774.2. NM_000783.3. NP_476498.1. NM_057157.2.
UniGene	Hs.150595.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	O43174.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	9606.ENSP00000224356.
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	O43174.
PRIDE	O43174.
Protocols and materials databases
DNASU	1592.
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000224356; ENSP00000224356; ENSG00000095596. ENST00000371531; ENSP00000360586; ENSG00000095596. ENST00000394139; ENSP00000377695; ENSG00000095596.
GeneID	1592.
KEGG	hsa:1592.
UCSC	uc001kik.1. human.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	1592.
GeneCards	GC10P094823.
HGNC	HGNC:2603. CYP26A1.
HPA	CAB015447.
MIM	602239. gene.
neXtProt	NX_O43174.
PharmGKB	PA27098.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	COG2124.
HOGENOM	HOG000220829.
HOVERGEN	HBG051099.
InParanoid	O43174.
KO	K07437.
OMA	SRDRSCA.
PhylomeDB	O43174.
Enzyme and pathway databases
Reactome	REACT_111217. Metabolism.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	O43174.
Bgee	O43174.
CleanEx	HS_CYP26A1.
Genevestigator	O43174.
GermOnline	ENSG00000095596. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
Gene3D	1.10.630.10. 1 hit.
InterPro	IPR001128. Cyt_P450. IPR017972. Cyt_P450_CS. IPR002403. Cyt_P450_E_grp-IV. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF00067. p450. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR00465. EP450IV. PR00385. P450.
SUPFAM	SSF48264. Cytochrome_P450. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS00086. CYTOCHROME_P450. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
BindingDB	O43174.
ChEMBL	CHEMBL5141.
ChiTaRS	CYP26A1. human.
GenomeRNAi	1592.
NextBio	35469055.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

CP26A_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: O43174
Secondary accession number(s): B3KNI4, Q5VXH9, Q5VXI0

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	December 15, 1998
Last sequence update:	December 16, 2008
Last modified:	May 1, 2013
This is version 109 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.