ID SPTC1_MOUSE Reviewed; 473 AA. AC O35704; O54813; Q8BH11; DT 30-MAY-2000, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 27-JUL-2011, sequence version 2. DT 27-MAR-2024, entry version 173. DE RecName: Full=Serine palmitoyltransferase 1; DE EC=2.3.1.50 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O15269}; DE AltName: Full=Long chain base biosynthesis protein 1; DE Short=LCB 1; DE AltName: Full=Serine-palmitoyl-CoA transferase 1; DE Short=SPT 1; DE Short=SPT1; GN Name=Sptlc1; Synonyms=Lcb1; OS Mus musculus (Mouse). OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; OC Murinae; Mus; Mus. OX NCBI_TaxID=10090; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. RC STRAIN=BALB/cJ; TISSUE=Kidney, and Liver; RX PubMed=9363775; DOI=10.1111/j.1432-1033.1997.00239.x; RA Weiss B., Stoffel W.; RT "Human and murine serine-palmitoyl-CoA transferase. Cloning, expression and RT characterization of the key enzyme in sphingolipid synthesis."; RL Eur. J. Biochem. 249:239-247(1997). RN [2] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. RC TISSUE=Kidney, and Testis; RX PubMed=9405408; DOI=10.1074/jbc.272.51.32108; RA Hanada K., Hara T., Nishijima M., Kuge O., Dickson R.C., Nagiec M.M.; RT "A mammalian homolog of the yeast LCB1 encodes a component of serine RT palmitoyltransferase, the enzyme catalyzing the first step in sphingolipid RT synthesis."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 272:32108-32114(1997). RN [3] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. RC STRAIN=C57BL/6J; TISSUE=Eye, Hypothalamus, and Lung; RX PubMed=16141072; DOI=10.1126/science.1112014; RA Carninci P., Kasukawa T., Katayama S., Gough J., Frith M.C., Maeda N., RA Oyama R., Ravasi T., Lenhard B., Wells C., Kodzius R., Shimokawa K., RA Bajic V.B., Brenner S.E., Batalov S., Forrest A.R., Zavolan M., Davis M.J., RA Wilming L.G., Aidinis V., Allen J.E., Ambesi-Impiombato A., Apweiler R., RA Aturaliya R.N., Bailey T.L., Bansal M., Baxter L., Beisel K.W., Bersano T., RA Bono H., Chalk A.M., Chiu K.P., Choudhary V., Christoffels A., RA Clutterbuck D.R., Crowe M.L., Dalla E., Dalrymple B.P., de Bono B., RA Della Gatta G., di Bernardo D., Down T., Engstrom P., Fagiolini M., RA Faulkner G., Fletcher C.F., Fukushima T., Furuno M., Futaki S., RA Gariboldi M., Georgii-Hemming P., Gingeras T.R., Gojobori T., Green R.E., RA Gustincich S., Harbers M., Hayashi Y., Hensch T.K., Hirokawa N., Hill D., RA Huminiecki L., Iacono M., Ikeo K., Iwama A., Ishikawa T., Jakt M., RA Kanapin A., Katoh M., Kawasawa Y., Kelso J., Kitamura H., Kitano H., RA Kollias G., Krishnan S.P., Kruger A., Kummerfeld S.K., Kurochkin I.V., RA Lareau L.F., Lazarevic D., Lipovich L., Liu J., Liuni S., McWilliam S., RA Madan Babu M., Madera M., Marchionni L., Matsuda H., Matsuzawa S., Miki H., RA Mignone F., Miyake S., Morris K., Mottagui-Tabar S., Mulder N., Nakano N., RA Nakauchi H., Ng P., Nilsson R., Nishiguchi S., Nishikawa S., Nori F., RA Ohara O., Okazaki Y., Orlando V., Pang K.C., Pavan W.J., Pavesi G., RA Pesole G., Petrovsky N., Piazza S., Reed J., Reid J.F., Ring B.Z., RA Ringwald M., Rost B., Ruan Y., Salzberg S.L., Sandelin A., Schneider C., RA Schoenbach C., Sekiguchi K., Semple C.A., Seno S., Sessa L., Sheng Y., RA Shibata Y., Shimada H., Shimada K., Silva D., Sinclair B., Sperling S., RA Stupka E., Sugiura K., Sultana R., Takenaka Y., Taki K., Tammoja K., RA Tan S.L., Tang S., Taylor M.S., Tegner J., Teichmann S.A., Ueda H.R., RA van Nimwegen E., Verardo R., Wei C.L., Yagi K., Yamanishi H., RA Zabarovsky E., Zhu S., Zimmer A., Hide W., Bult C., Grimmond S.M., RA Teasdale R.D., Liu E.T., Brusic V., Quackenbush J., Wahlestedt C., RA Mattick J.S., Hume D.A., Kai C., Sasaki D., Tomaru Y., Fukuda S., RA Kanamori-Katayama M., Suzuki M., Aoki J., Arakawa T., Iida J., Imamura K., RA Itoh M., Kato T., Kawaji H., Kawagashira N., Kawashima T., Kojima M., RA Kondo S., Konno H., Nakano K., Ninomiya N., Nishio T., Okada M., Plessy C., RA Shibata K., Shiraki T., Suzuki S., Tagami M., Waki K., Watahiki A., RA Okamura-Oho Y., Suzuki H., Kawai J., Hayashizaki Y.; RT "The transcriptional landscape of the mammalian genome."; RL Science 309:1559-1563(2005). RN [4] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. RC TISSUE=Olfactory epithelium; RX PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504; RG The MGC Project Team; RT "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: RT the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."; RL Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004). RN [5] RP SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. RC TISSUE=Liver; RX PubMed=1317856; DOI=10.1016/s0021-9258(19)49887-6; RA Mandon E.C., Ehses I., Rother J., van Echten G., Sandhoff K.; RT "Subcellular localization and membrane topology of serine RT palmitoyltransferase, 3-dehydrosphinganine reductase, and sphinganine N- RT acyltransferase in mouse liver."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 267:11144-11148(1992). RN [6] RP IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. RC TISSUE=Kidney, and Liver; RX PubMed=21183079; DOI=10.1016/j.cell.2010.12.001; RA Huttlin E.L., Jedrychowski M.P., Elias J.E., Goswami T., Rad R., RA Beausoleil S.A., Villen J., Haas W., Sowa M.E., Gygi S.P.; RT "A tissue-specific atlas of mouse protein phosphorylation and expression."; RL Cell 143:1174-1189(2010). RN [7] RP INDUCTION BY HIGH FAT DIET, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE. RX PubMed=21994399; DOI=10.1523/jneurosci.3883-11.2011; RA Geekiyanage H., Chan C.; RT "MicroRNA-137/181c regulates serine palmitoyltransferase and in turn RT amyloid beta, novel targets in sporadic Alzheimer's disease."; RL J. Neurosci. 31:14820-14830(2011). RN [8] RP SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND INTERACTION WITH RTN4. RX PubMed=26301690; DOI=10.1038/nm.3934; RA Cantalupo A., Zhang Y., Kothiya M., Galvani S., Obinata H., Bucci M., RA Giordano F.J., Jiang X.C., Hla T., Di Lorenzo A.; RT "Nogo-B regulates endothelial sphingolipid homeostasis to control vascular RT function and blood pressure."; RL Nat. Med. 21:1028-1037(2015). RN [9] RP TISSUE SPECIFICITY. RX PubMed=27818258; DOI=10.1016/j.cmet.2016.10.002; RA Chaurasia B., Kaddai V.A., Lancaster G.I., Henstridge D.C., Sriram S., RA Galam D.L., Gopalan V., Prakash K.N., Velan S.S., Bulchand S., Tsong T.J., RA Wang M., Siddique M.M., Yuguang G., Sigmundsson K., Mellet N.A., Weir J.M., RA Meikle P.J., Bin M Yassin M.S., Shabbir A., Shayman J.A., Hirabayashi Y., RA Shiow S.T., Sugii S., Summers S.A.; RT "Adipocyte Ceramides Regulate Subcutaneous Adipose Browning, Inflammation, RT and Metabolism."; RL Cell Metab. 24:820-834(2016). RN [10] RP FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, AND PATHWAY. RX PubMed=28100772; DOI=10.1074/jbc.m116.756460; RA Alexaki A., Clarke B.A., Gavrilova O., Ma Y., Zhu H., Ma X., Xu L., RA Tuymetova G., Larman B.C., Allende M.L., Dunn T.M., Proia R.L.; RT "De Novo Sphingolipid Biosynthesis Is Required for Adipocyte Survival and RT Metabolic Homeostasis."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 292:3929-3939(2017). CC -!- FUNCTION: Component of the serine palmitoyltransferase multisubunit CC enzyme (SPT) that catalyzes the initial and rate-limiting step in CC sphingolipid biosynthesis by condensing L-serine and activated acyl-CoA CC (most commonly palmitoyl-CoA) to form long-chain bases CC (PubMed:28100772). The SPT complex is also composed of SPTLC2 or SPTLC3 CC and SPTSSA or SPTSSB. Within this complex, the heterodimer with SPTLC2 CC or SPTLC3 forms the catalytic core. The composition of the serine CC palmitoyltransferase (SPT) complex determines the substrate preference. CC The SPTLC1-SPTLC2-SPTSSA complex shows a strong preference for C16-CoA CC substrate, while the SPTLC1-SPTLC3-SPTSSA isozyme uses both C14-CoA and CC C16-CoA as substrates, with a slight preference for C14-CoA. The CC SPTLC1-SPTLC2-SPTSSB complex shows a strong preference for C18-CoA CC substrate, while the SPTLC1-SPTLC3-SPTSSB isozyme displays an ability CC to use a broader range of acyl-CoAs, without apparent preference (By CC similarity). Required for adipocyte cell viability and metabolic CC homeostasis (PubMed:28100772). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O15269, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:28100772}. CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: CC Reaction=H(+) + hexadecanoyl-CoA + L-serine = 3-oxosphinganine + CO2 + CC CoA; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:14761, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:16526, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:33384, ChEBI:CHEBI:57287, ChEBI:CHEBI:57379, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:58299; EC=2.3.1.50; CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O15269}; CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:14762; CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O15269}; CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: CC Reaction=H(+) + L-serine + octadecanoyl-CoA = 3-oxoeicosasphinganine + CC CO2 + CoA; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:33683, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:16526, ChEBI:CHEBI:33384, ChEBI:CHEBI:57287, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:57394, ChEBI:CHEBI:65073; CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O15269}; CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:33684; CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O15269}; CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: CC Reaction=H(+) + L-serine + tetradecanoyl-CoA = 3-oxohexadecasphinganine CC + CO2 + CoA; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:35675, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:16526, ChEBI:CHEBI:33384, ChEBI:CHEBI:57287, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:57385, ChEBI:CHEBI:71007; CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O15269}; CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:35676; CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O15269}; CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY: CC Reaction=dodecanoyl-CoA + H(+) + L-serine = 3-oxotetradecasphinganine + CC CO2 + CoA; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:35679, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:16526, ChEBI:CHEBI:33384, ChEBI:CHEBI:57287, CC ChEBI:CHEBI:57375, ChEBI:CHEBI:71008; CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O15269}; CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:35680; CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O15269}; CC -!- COFACTOR: CC Name=pyridoxal 5'-phosphate; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:597326; CC Evidence={ECO:0000250}; CC -!- ACTIVITY REGULATION: SPT complex catalytic activity is negatively CC regulated by ORMDL proteins, including ORMDL3, in the presence of CC ceramides (By similarity). This mechanism allows to maintain ceramide CC levels at sufficient concentrations for the production of complex CC sphingolipids, but which prevents the accumulation of ceramides to CC levels that trigger apoptosis (Probable). CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O15269, ECO:0000305}. CC -!- PATHWAY: Lipid metabolism; sphingolipid metabolism. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28100772}. CC -!- SUBUNIT: Component of the serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) complex, CC which is also composed of SPTLC2 or SPTLC3 and SPTSSA or SPTSSB (By CC similarity). The heterodimer with SPTLC2 or SPTLC3 forms the catalytic CC core of the enzyme, while SPTSSA or SPTSSB subunits determine substrate CC specificity (By similarity). SPT also interacts with ORMDL proteins, CC especially ORMDL3, which negatively regulate SPT activity in the CC presence of ceramides (By similarity). Forms dimers of heterodimers CC with SPTLC2 (By similarity). Interacts with RTN4 (isoform B) CC (PubMed:26301690). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O15269, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:26301690}. CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1317856, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26301690}; Single-pass CC membrane protein {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1317856}. CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in a variety of tissues. Highest CC expression in brain, kidney and liver (PubMed:21994399). Expressed in CC brown and white adipose tissues (PubMed:27818258). CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:21994399, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27818258}. CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Highly expressed after birth, expression decreases CC 2 weeks after birth and is maintained until, at least, 18 months. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:21994399}. CC -!- INDUCTION: Expression levels at protein level increase upon high-fat CC diet. mRNA levels remain unchanged. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:21994399}. CC -!- DOMAIN: The transmembrane domain is involved in the interaction with CC ORMDL3. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O15269}. CC -!- PTM: Phosphorylation at Tyr-164 inhibits activity and promotes cell CC survival. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O15269}. CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Knockout are lethal at embryonic stage CC (PubMed:28100772). Conditional knockouts specific to the adipose tissue CC develop adipose tissue but exhibit a striking age dependent loss of CC adipose tissue accompanied by evidence of adipocyte death, increased CC macrophage infiltration and tissue fibrosis. They also have elevated CC fasting blood glucose, fatty liver and insulin resistance. They show a CC significant reduction of total sphingomyelin levels in the adipose CC tissue (PubMed:28100772). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28100772}. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-II pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent CC aminotransferase family. {ECO:0000305}. CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; X95641; CAA64897.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AF003823; AAC02264.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AK053207; BAC35310.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AK079578; BAC37690.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AK084391; BAC39172.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AK084445; BAC39185.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; BC046323; AAH46323.1; -; mRNA. DR CCDS; CCDS26521.1; -. DR RefSeq; NP_033295.2; NM_009269.2. DR AlphaFoldDB; O35704; -. DR SMR; O35704; -. DR BioGRID; 234529; 7. DR STRING; 10090.ENSMUSP00000021920; -. DR GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY; 2509; -. DR iPTMnet; O35704; -. DR PhosphoSitePlus; O35704; -. DR EPD; O35704; -. DR MaxQB; O35704; -. DR PaxDb; 10090-ENSMUSP00000021920; -. DR PeptideAtlas; O35704; -. DR ProteomicsDB; 257058; -. DR Pumba; O35704; -. DR Antibodypedia; 2269; 431 antibodies from 37 providers. DR DNASU; 268656; -. DR Ensembl; ENSMUST00000021920.8; ENSMUSP00000021920.7; ENSMUSG00000021468.9. DR GeneID; 268656; -. DR KEGG; mmu:268656; -. DR UCSC; uc007qnk.2; mouse. DR AGR; MGI:1099431; -. DR CTD; 10558; -. DR MGI; MGI:1099431; Sptlc1. DR VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSMUSG00000021468; -. DR eggNOG; KOG1358; Eukaryota. DR GeneTree; ENSGT00550000074872; -. DR HOGENOM; CLU_015846_0_1_1; -. DR InParanoid; O35704; -. DR OMA; LTKYGCG; -. DR OrthoDB; 9643at2759; -. DR PhylomeDB; O35704; -. DR TreeFam; TF314877; -. DR Reactome; R-MMU-1660661; Sphingolipid de novo biosynthesis. DR UniPathway; UPA00222; -. DR BioGRID-ORCS; 268656; 28 hits in 83 CRISPR screens. DR PRO; PR:O35704; -. DR Proteomes; UP000000589; Chromosome 13. DR RNAct; O35704; Protein. DR Bgee; ENSMUSG00000021468; Expressed in gastrula and 261 other cell types or tissues. DR GO; GO:0005783; C:endoplasmic reticulum; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0005789; C:endoplasmic reticulum membrane; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0017059; C:serine C-palmitoyltransferase complex; ISA:MGI. DR GO; GO:0035339; C:SPOTS complex; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0030170; F:pyridoxal phosphate binding; IEA:InterPro. DR GO; GO:0004758; F:serine C-palmitoyltransferase activity; IMP:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0046513; P:ceramide biosynthetic process; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0061724; P:lipophagy; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:1904504; P:positive regulation of lipophagy; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:1904649; P:regulation of fat cell apoptotic process; IMP:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0046511; P:sphinganine biosynthetic process; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0030148; P:sphingolipid biosynthetic process; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0006665; P:sphingolipid metabolic process; IMP:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0006686; P:sphingomyelin biosynthetic process; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0046512; P:sphingosine biosynthetic process; IMP:MGI. DR Gene3D; 3.90.1150.10; Aspartate Aminotransferase, domain 1; 1. DR Gene3D; 3.40.640.10; Type I PLP-dependent aspartate aminotransferase-like (Major domain); 1. DR InterPro; IPR004839; Aminotransferase_I/II. DR InterPro; IPR015424; PyrdxlP-dep_Trfase. DR InterPro; IPR015421; PyrdxlP-dep_Trfase_major. DR InterPro; IPR015422; PyrdxlP-dep_Trfase_small. DR PANTHER; PTHR13693; CLASS II AMINOTRANSFERASE/8-AMINO-7-OXONONANOATE SYNTHASE; 1. DR PANTHER; PTHR13693:SF2; SERINE PALMITOYLTRANSFERASE 1; 1. DR Pfam; PF00155; Aminotran_1_2; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF53383; PLP-dependent transferases; 1. DR Genevisible; O35704; MM. PE 1: Evidence at protein level; KW Acyltransferase; Endoplasmic reticulum; Lipid metabolism; Membrane; KW Phosphoprotein; Pyridoxal phosphate; Reference proteome; KW Sphingolipid metabolism; Transferase; Transmembrane; Transmembrane helix. FT CHAIN 1..473 FT /note="Serine palmitoyltransferase 1" FT /id="PRO_0000163855" FT TOPO_DOM 1..15 FT /note="Lumenal" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT TRANSMEM 16..36 FT /note="Helical" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT TOPO_DOM 37..473 FT /note="Cytoplasmic" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT REGION 1..66 FT /note="Interaction with SPTLC2" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O15269" FT MOD_RES 164 FT /note="Phosphotyrosine; by ABL" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O15269" FT CONFLICT 6..7 FT /note="EQ -> DE (in Ref. 2; AAC02264)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT CONFLICT 85 FT /note="V -> E (in Ref. 2; AAC02264)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT CONFLICT 120 FT /note="T -> A (in Ref. 1; CAA64897 and 2; AAC02264)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT CONFLICT 165 FT /note="S -> T (in Ref. 2; AAC02264)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT CONFLICT 171 FT /note="I -> V (in Ref. 1; CAA64897 and 2; AAC02264)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" SQ SEQUENCE 473 AA; 52535 MW; 5B037E344DDEB4A7 CRC64; MATVAEQWVL VEMVQALYEA PAYHLILEGI LILWIIRLVF SKTYKLQERS DLTAKEKEEL IEEWQPEPLV PPVSKNHPAL NYNIVSGPPT HNIVVNGKEC VNFASFNFLG LLANPRVKAT AFSSLKKYGV GTCGPRGFYG TFDVHLDLEE RLAKFMKTEE AIIYSYGFST IASAIPAYSK RGDIIFVDSA ACFAIQKGLQ ASRSDIKLFK HNDVADLERL LKEQEIEDQK NPRKARVTRR FIVVEGLYMN TGTICPLPEL VKLKYKYKAR IFLEESLSFG VLGEHGRGVT EHYGISIDDI DLISANMENA LASVGGFCCG RSFVVDHQRL SGQGYCFSAS LPPLLAAAAI EALNIMEENP DIFAVLKKKC QNIHKSLQGV SGLKVVGESL SPALHLQLEE STGSREKDVK LLQAIVDQCM DKGIALTQAR YLDKEEKCLP PPSIRVVVTV EQTEEELQRA ASTIREAAQA VLL //